Neurophotonics最新文献

{"title":"Seizure event detection using intravital two-photon calcium imaging data.","authors":"Matthew A Stern, Eric R Cole, Robert E Gross, Ken Berglund","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.024202","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.024202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Intravital cellular calcium imaging has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate how different types of neurons interact at the microcircuit level to produce seizure activity, with newfound potential to understand epilepsy. Although many methods exist to measure seizure-related activity in traditional electrophysiology, few yet exist for calcium imaging.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To demonstrate an automated algorithmic framework to detect seizure-related events using calcium imaging-including the detection of pre-ictal spike events, propagation of the seizure wavefront, and terminal spreading waves for both population-level activity and that of individual cells.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We developed an algorithm for precise recruitment detection of population and individual cells during seizure-associated events, which broadly leverages averaged population activity and high-magnitude slope features to detect single-cell pre-ictal spike and seizure recruitment. We applied this method to data recorded using awake <i>in vivo</i> two-photon calcium imaging during pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrate that our detected recruitment times are concordant with visually identified labels provided by an expert reviewer and are sufficiently accurate to model the spatiotemporal progression of seizure-associated traveling waves.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our algorithm enables accurate cell recruitment detection and will serve as a useful tool for researchers investigating seizure dynamics using calcium imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"11 2","pages":"024202"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10809036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139565435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering luminopsins with improved coupling efficiencies.","authors":"Ashley N Slaviero, Nipun Gorantla, Jacob Simkins, Emmanuel L Crespo, Ebenezer C Ikefuama, Maya O Tree, Mansi Prakash, Andreas Björefeldt, Lauren M Barnett, Gerard G Lambert, Diane Lipscombe, Christopher I Moore, Nathan C Shaner, Ute Hochgeschwender","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.024208","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.024208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Luminopsins (LMOs) are bioluminescent-optogenetic tools with a luciferase fused to an opsin that allow bimodal control of neurons by providing both optogenetic and chemogenetic access. Determining which design features contribute to the efficacy of LMOs will be beneficial for further improving LMOs for use in research.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We investigated the relative impact of luciferase brightness, opsin sensitivity, pairing of emission and absorption wavelength, and arrangement of moieties on the function of LMOs.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We quantified efficacy of LMOs through whole cell patch clamp recordings in HEK293 cells by determining coupling efficiency, the percentage of maximum LED induced photocurrent achieved with bioluminescent activation of an opsin. We confirmed key results by multielectrode array recordings in primary neurons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Luciferase brightness and opsin sensitivity had the most impact on the efficacy of LMOs, and N-terminal fusions of luciferases to opsins performed better than C-terminal and multi-terminal fusions. Precise paring of luciferase emission and opsin absorption spectra appeared to be less critical.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Whole cell patch clamp recordings allowed us to quantify the impact of different characteristics of LMOs on their function. Our results suggest that coupling brighter bioluminescent sources to more sensitive opsins will improve LMO function. As bioluminescent activation of opsins is most likely based on Förster resonance energy transfer, the most effective strategy for improving LMOs further will be molecular evolution of luciferase-fluorescent protein-opsin fusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"11 2","pages":"024208"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10980360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human brain tissue identification using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for deep brain stimulation surgery.","authors":"Sébastien Jerczynski, Mireille Quémener, Valérie Pineau Noël, Antoine Rousseau, Elahe Parham, Alexandre Bédard, Shadi Masoumi, Thomas Charland, Anthony Drouin, Jonathan Roussel, Valérie Dionne, Thomas Shooner, Anaïs Parrot, Mohamad A Takech, Éric Philippe, Damon DePaoli, Léo Cantin, Martin Parent, Daniel C Côté","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.025006","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.025006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>We assess the feasibility of using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy (CARS) as optical tools for human brain tissue identification during deep brain stimulation (DBS) lead insertion, thereby providing a promising avenue for additional real-time neurosurgical guidance.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We developed a system that can acquire CARS and DRS spectra during the DBS surgery procedure to identify the tissue composition along the lead trajectory.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>DRS and CARS spectra were acquired using a custom-built optical probe integrated in a commercial DBS lead. The lead was inserted to target three specific regions in each of the brain hemispheres of a human cadaver. Spectra were acquired during the lead insertion at constant position increments. Spectra were analyzed to classify each spectrum as being from white matter (WM) or gray matter (GM). The results were compared with tissue classification performed on histological brain sections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DRS and CARS spectra obtained using the optical probe can identify WM and GM during DBS lead insertion. The tissue composition along the trajectory toward a specific target is unique and can be differentiated by the optical probe. Moreover, the results obtained with principal component analysis suggest that DRS might be able to detect the presence of blood due to the strong optical absorption of hemoglobin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is possible to use optical measurements from the DBS lead during surgery to identify WM and GM and possibly the presence of blood in human brain tissue. The proposed optical tool could inform the surgeon during the lead placement if the lead has reached the target as planned. Our tool could eventually replace microelectrode recordings, which would streamline the process and reduce surgery time. Further developments are required to fully integrate these tools into standard clinical procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"11 2","pages":"025006"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11167480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parkinson's disease patients show delayed hemodynamic changes in primary motor cortex in fine motor tasks and decreased resting-state interhemispheric functional connectivity: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.","authors":"Edgar Guevara, Francisco Javier Rivas-Ruvalcaba, Eleazar Samuel Kolosovas-Machuca, Miguel Ramírez-Elías, Ramón Díaz de León Zapata, Jose Luis Ramirez-GarciaLuna, Ildefonso Rodríguez-Leyva","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.025004","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.025004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>People with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience changes in fine motor skills, which is viewed as one of the hallmark signs of this disease. Due to its non-invasive nature and portability, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a promising tool for assessing changes related to fine motor skills.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to compare activation patterns in the primary motor cortex using fNIRS, comparing volunteers with PD and sex- and age-matched control participants during a fine motor task and walking. Moreover, inter and intrahemispheric functional connectivity (FC) was investigated during the resting state.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We used fNIRS to measure the hemodynamic changes in the primary motor cortex elicited by a finger-tapping task in 20 PD patients and 20 controls matched for age, sex, education, and body mass index. In addition, a two-minute walking task was carried out. Resting-state FC was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with PD showed delayed hypoactivation in the motor cortex during the fine motor task with the dominant hand and delayed hyperactivation with the non-dominant hand. The findings also revealed significant correlations among various measures of hemodynamic activity in the motor cortex using fNIRS and different cognitive and clinical variables. There were no significant differences between patients with PD and controls during the walking task. However, there were significant differences in interhemispheric connectivity between PD patients and control participants, with a statistically significant decrease in PD patients compared with control participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Decreased interhemispheric FC and delayed activity in the primary motor cortex elicited by a fine motor task may one day serve as one of the many potential neuroimaging biomarkers for diagnosing PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"11 2","pages":"025004"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11135928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141176566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wavelength-swept spontaneous Raman spectroscopy system improves fiber-based collection efficiency for whole brain tissue classification.","authors":"Elahe Parham, Antoine Rousseau, Mireille Quémener, Martin Parent, Daniel C Côté","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.025007","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.025007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Raman spectroscopy is a valuable technique for tissue identification, but its conventional implementation is hindered by low efficiency due to scattering. Addressing this limitation, we are further developing the wavelength-swept Raman spectroscopy approach.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to enhance Raman signal detection by employing a laser capable of sweeping over a wide wavelength range to sequentially excite tissue with different wavelengths, paired with a photodetector featuring a fixed narrow-bandpass filter for collecting the Raman signal at a specific wavelength.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We experimentally validate our technique using a fiber-based swept-source Raman spectroscopy setup. In addition, simulations are conducted to assess the efficacy of our approach in comparison with conventional spectrometer-based Raman spectroscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our simulations reveal that the wavelength-swept configuration leads to a significantly stronger signal compared with conventional spectrometer-based Raman spectroscopy. Experimentally, our setup demonstrates an improvement of at least 200× in photon detection compared with the spectrometer-based setup. Furthermore, data acquired from different regions of a fixed monkey brain using our technique achieves 99% accuracy in classification via <math><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow> </math> -nearest neighbor analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study showcases the potential of wavelength-swept Raman spectroscopy for tissue identification, particularly in highly scattering media, such as the brain. The developed technique offers enhanced signal detection capabilities, paving the way for future <i>in vivo</i> applications in tissue characterization.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"11 2","pages":"025007"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11185955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Section Guest Editorial: Molecular Neurophotonics.","authors":"Ute Hochgeschwender, Robert E Campbell, Hideaki Mizuno","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.024200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.024200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The editorial introduces the Special Section on Molecular Neurophotonics.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"11 2","pages":"024200"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11213545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141472599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional infrared scanning: an enhanced approach for spatial registration of probes for neuroimaging.","authors":"András Bálint, Christian Rummel, Marco Caversaccio, Stefan Weder","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.024309","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.024309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Accurate spatial registration of probes (e.g., optodes and electrodes) for measurement of brain activity is a crucial aspect in many neuroimaging modalities. It may increase measurement precision and enable the transition from channel-based calculations to volumetric representations.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This technical note evaluates the efficacy of a commercially available infrared three-dimensional (3D) scanner under actual experimental (or clinical) conditions and provides guidelines for its use.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We registered probe positions using an infrared 3D scanner and validated them against magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans on five volunteer participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis showed that with standard cap fixation, the average Euclidean distance of probe position among subjects could reach up to 43 mm, with an average distance of 15.25 mm [standard deviation (SD) = 8.0]. By contrast, the average distance between the infrared 3D scanner and the MRI-acquired positions was 5.69 mm (SD = 1.73), while the average difference between consecutive infrared 3D scans was 3.43 mm (SD = 1.62). The inter-optode distance, which was fixed at 30 mm, was measured as 29.28 mm (SD = 1.12) on the MRI and 29.43 mm (SD = 1.96) on infrared 3D scans. Our results demonstrate the high accuracy and reproducibility of the proposed spatial registration method, making it suitable for both functional near-infrared spectroscopy and electroencephalogram studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 3D infrared scanning technique for spatial registration of probes provides economic efficiency, simplicity, practicality, repeatability, and high accuracy, with potential benefits for a range of neuroimaging applications. We provide practical guidance on anonymization, labeling, and post-processing of acquired scans.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"11 2","pages":"024309"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11134420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141176650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient opto- and chemogenetic control in a single molecule driven by FRET-modified bioluminescence.","authors":"Andreas Björefeldt, Jeremy Murphy, Emmanuel L Crespo, Gerard G Lambert, Mansi Prakash, Ebenezer C Ikefuama, Nina Friedman, Tariq M Brown, Diane Lipscombe, Christopher I Moore, Ute Hochgeschwender, Nathan C Shaner","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.021005","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.021005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Bioluminescent optogenetics (BL-OG) offers a unique and powerful approach to manipulate neural activity both opto- and chemogenetically using a single actuator molecule (a LuMinOpsin, LMO).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To further enhance the utility of BL-OG by improving the efficacy of chemogenetic (bioluminescence-driven) LMO activation.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We developed novel luciferases optimized for Förster resonance energy transfer when fused to the fluorescent protein mNeonGreen, generating bright bioluminescent (BL) emitters spectrally tuned to <i>Volvox</i> Channelrhodopsin 1 (VChR1).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A new LMO generated from this approach (LMO7) showed significantly stronger BL-driven opsin activation compared to previous and other new variants. We extensively benchmarked LMO7 against LMO3 (current standard) and found significantly stronger neuronal activity modulation <i>ex vivo</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, and efficient modulation of behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We report a robust new option for achieving multiple modes of control in a single actuator and a promising engineering strategy for continued improvement of BL-OG.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"11 2","pages":"021005"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140051000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurophotonics beyond the surface: unmasking the brain’s complexity exploiting optical scattering","authors":"Fei Xia, Caio Vaz Rimoli, Walther Akemann, Cathie Ventalon, Laurent Bourdieu, Sylvain Gigan, Hilton B. de Aguiar","doi":"10.1117/1.nph.11.s1.s11510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.nph.11.s1.s11510","url":null,"abstract":"The intricate nature of the brain necessitates the application of advanced probing techniques to comprehensively study and understand its working mechanisms. Neurophotonics offers minimally invasive methods to probe the brain using optics at cellular and even molecular levels. However, multiple challenges persist, especially concerning imaging depth, field of view, speed, and biocompatibility. A major hindrance to solving these challenges in optics is the scattering nature of the brain. This perspective highlights the potential of complex media optics, a specialized area of study focused on light propagation in materials with intricate heterogeneous optical properties, in advancing and improving neuronal readouts for structural imaging and optical recordings of neuronal activity. Key strategies include wavefront shaping techniques and computational imaging and sensing techniques that exploit scattering properties for enhanced performance. We discuss the potential merger of the two fields as well as potential challenges and perspectives toward longer term in vivo applications.","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140571444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-photon imaging of excitatory and inhibitory neural response to infrared neural stimulation.","authors":"Peng Fu, Yin Liu, Liang Zhu, Mengqi Wang, Yuan Yu, Fen Yang, Weijie Zhang, Hequn Zhang, Shy Shoham, Anna Wang Roe, Wang Xi","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.025003","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.025003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Pulsed infrared neural stimulation (INS, 1875 nm) is an emerging neurostimulation technology that delivers focal pulsed heat to activate functionally specific mesoscale networks and holds promise for clinical application. However, little is known about its effect on excitatory and inhibitory cell types in cerebral cortex.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Estimates of summed population neuronal response time courses provide a potential basis for neural and hemodynamic signals described in other studies.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Using two-photon calcium imaging in mouse somatosensory cortex, we have examined the effect of INS pulse train application on hSyn neurons and mDlx neurons tagged with GCaMP6s.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We find that, in anesthetized mice, each INS pulse train reliably induces robust response in hSyn neurons exhibiting positive going responses. Surprisingly, mDlx neurons exhibit negative going responses. Quantification using the index of correlation illustrates responses are reproducible, intensity-dependent, and focal. Also, a contralateral activation is observed when INS applied.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In sum, the population of neurons stimulated by INS includes both hSyn and mDlx neurons; within a range of stimulation intensities, this leads to overall excitation in the stimulated population, leading to the previously observed activations at distant post-synaptic sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"11 2","pages":"025003"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11125280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}