Neurophotonics最新文献

{"title":"Site- and electroencephalogram-frequency-specific effects of 800-nm prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation on electroencephalogram global network topology in young adults.","authors":"Shu Kang, Lin Li, Sadra Shahdadian, Anqi Wu, Hanli Liu","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015011","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is an optical intervention that effectively enhances human cognition. However, limited studies have reported the effects of tPBM on electrophysiological brain networks.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to investigate the site- and electroencephalogram (EEG)-frequency-specific effects of 800-nm prefrontal tPBM on the EEG global network topology of the human brain, so a better understanding of how tPBM alters EEG brain networks can be achieved.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A total of 26 healthy young adults participated in the study, with multiple visits when either active or sham tPBM interventions were delivered to either the left or right forehead. A 19-channel EEG cap recorded the time series before and after the 8-min tPBM/sham. We used graph theory analysis (GTA) and formulated adjacency matrices in five frequency bands, followed by quantification of normalized changes in GTA-based global topographical metrics induced by the respective left and right tPBM/sham interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistical analysis indicated that the effects of 800-nm prefrontal tPBM on the EEG global topological networks are both site- and EEG-frequency-dependent. Specifically, our results demonstrated that the left 800-nm tPBM primarily enhanced the alpha network efficiency and information transmission, whereas the right 800-nm tPBM augmented the clustering ability of the EEG topological networks and improved the formation of small-worldness of the beta waves across the entire brain.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study concluded that 800-nm prefrontal tPBM can enhance global connectivity patterns and information transmission in the human brain, with effects that are site- and EEG-frequency-specific. To further confirm and better understand these findings, future research should correlate post-tPBM cognitive assessments with EEG network analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015011"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost physiology and behavioral monitor for intravital imaging in small mammals.","authors":"Yuntao Li, Alfredo Cardenas-Rivera, Chang Liu, Zhengyi Lu, Jaime Anton, Mohammed Alfadhel, Mohammad A Yaseen","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015004","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Functional brain imaging experiments in awake animals require meticulous monitoring of animal behavior to screen for spontaneous behavioral events. Although these events occur naturally, they can alter cell signaling and hemodynamic activity in the brain and confound functional brain imaging measurements.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We developed a centralized, user-friendly, and stand-alone platform that includes an animal fixation frame, compact peripheral sensors, and a portable data acquisition system. The affordable, integrated platform can benefit imaging experiments by monitoring animal behavior for motion detection and alertness levels as complementary readouts for brain activity measurements.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A custom acquisition system was designed using a powerful, inexpensive microcomputer. We customized an accelerometer and miniature camera modules for efficient, real-time monitoring of animal motion detection and pupil diameter. We then tested and validated the platform's performance with optical intrinsic signal imaging and GCaMP fluorescence calcium imaging in functional activation experiments in awake mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The integrated platform shows promise for detecting spontaneous motion and pupil dilation while imaging. Stimulus-induced pupil dilation was found to initiate earlier than cortical hemodynamics with a slower rise time. Compared with neuronal calcium response, stimulus-induced pupil dilation initiated later with a slower rise time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We developed an integrated platform to monitor animal motion and pupil dynamics. The device can be easily coupled and synchronized with optical brain imaging systems to monitor behavior, alertness, and spontaneous motion for awake animal studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015004"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11759666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiplexed fiber meta-tip-based circular polarimetry for label-free pathological analysis of ischemic stroke.","authors":"Wenlin Luan, Qingcheng Song, Quancheng Cheng, Chunhua Chen, Xia Yu","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015012","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>We present an optical technology for a full-process label-free method for brain slice screening. This proposed multiplexed circular polarimetric method has the advantages of simple operation and high accuracy which may provide easily accessible evidence for the future diagnosis of related diseases.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>One of its missions is to provide a quantifiable, reproducible analysis methodology that can replace or supplement traditional qualitative, subjective pathological analysis.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A label-free, sensitive, and rapid circular polarimetric method based on a multiplexed optical fiber meta-tip is proposed for the digital pathology of ischemic stroke. Polarization information of forward-scattered light is used to identify pathological variations of axon distribution in ischemic stroke tissues. The newly designed optical fiber meta-tip with four channels offers miniature illumination in the multiplexed circular polarimetry method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our automated approach achieves more than 90% area under the curve in classifying ischemic stroke brain tissue in around 1 min.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The high-sensitivity and label-free circular polarimetric method based on the multiplexed optical fiber meta-tip renders its potential for rapid digital pathology of various diseases. It will empower the application of digital pathology in future disease diagnosis by quantitatively introducing a new reliable data modality without altering currently established processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015012"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11888776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced spectral resolution and reduced acquisition time in fiber-based wavelength-swept source Raman spectroscopy.","authors":"Elahe Parham, Maxime Tousignant-Tremblay, Mireille Quémener, Martin Parent, Daniel C Côté","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015014","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>We introduce a fast Raman spectroscopy (SSRS) system that reduces acquisition time and enhances data quality, providing a breakthrough in SSRS for real-time applications. We demonstrate its utility in differentiating brain tissue regions based on lipid and protein content.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Our primary goal was to develop a fast SSRS system that enables rapid data acquisition for <i>in vivo</i> applications. We aimed to investigate its effectiveness in differentiating brain tissue types by analyzing lipid and protein content, ultimately enhancing classification accuracy and supporting advancements in medical diagnostics.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We implemented an optimized circuit and signal processing technique to reduce high-frequency noise and improve signal-to-noise ratio. Brain tissue measurements were validated against staining models, and classification accuracy was tested with principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our SSRS system captures spectra in 1 s which is significantly faster than similar systems. This rapid method enables real-time monitoring and accurate classification of brain regions based on lipid-protein content, confirmed by neurofilament and Nissl staining correlations ( <math> <mrow> <msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.75</mn></mrow> </math> and 0.55, respectively). Tissue classification showed 80.20% accuracy using spectral intensity at the wavenumbers associated with C-H, <math> <mrow><msub><mi>CH</mi> <mn>3</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> , and <math> <mrow><msub><mi>CH</mi> <mn>2</mn></msub> </mrow> </math> vibrations and 81.23% accuracy using PCA-derived features (PC1, PC2, and PC3).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The fast-SSRS system marks a significant advance in Raman spectroscopy, improving speed and data quality. Our setup captures finer spectral details, facilitating reliable differentiation of tissue types, as verified by staining methods and PCA. This method shows promise for real-time tissue analysis and medical diagnostics, outperforming traditional Raman techniques in speed and data throughput.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015014"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarization optical coherence tomography optoretinography: verifying light-induced photoreceptor outer segment shrinkage and subretinal space expansion.","authors":"Shaiban Ahmed, Taeyoon Son, Guangying Ma, Xincheng Yao","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015005","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Stimulus-evoked intrinsic optical signal (IOS) changes in retinal photoreceptors are critical for functional optoretinography (ORG). Optical coherence tomography (OCT), with its depth-resolved imaging capability, has been actively explored for IOS imaging of retinal photoreceptors. However, recent OCT studies have reported conflicting results regarding light-induced changes in the photoreceptor outer segments (OSs), with both elongation and shrinkage being observed. These discrepancies may stem from the difficulty in reliably identifying OS boundaries, particularly the inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction and OS tip, as well as potential confusion with subretinal space dynamics. Gaining a better understanding of these light-induced OS changes is essential for accurate interpretation of ORG measurements and for optimizing IOS imaging systems to enhance sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to develop a method for the reliable identification of OS boundaries and to verify light-induced photoreceptor OS shrinkage and subretinal space expansion.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We employed a polarization-resolved full-field swept-source optical coherence tomography system capable of sequentially capturing parallel-polarization and cross-polarization OCT signals. The parallel-polarization mode is optimized to detect ballistically reflected photons from well-defined retinal boundaries, such as the IS/OS junction and the photoreceptor tips, whereas cross-polarization primarily captures multiply scattered photons. This differentiation enables parallel-polarization OCT to minimize the interference from scattered photons, enhancing the precision of OCT band quantification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Parallel-polarization OCT revealed photoreceptor OS shrinkage and subretinal space expansion in light conditions compared with dark conditions. Moreover, the overall outer retinal length appeared to swell under light. These observations were consistently confirmed in four healthy adult human subjects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Parallel-polarization OCT provides a reliable method for identifying the IS/OS junction and OS tip, confirming light-induced photoreceptor OS shrinkage and subretinal space expansion.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015005"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semi-automated analysis of cerebral capillary red blood cell velocities allows modeling of transit time distribution after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice.","authors":"Kévin Chalard, Yan Chastagnier, Julie Perroy, Vivien Szabo","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14612","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Microvascular dysfunction stems from the origin of various neurological diseases. Among these, delayed cerebral ischemia following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a major complication. Even though pathogenesis remains poorly understood, hypotheses converge toward early and persistent microvascular dysfunction. In this context, mathematical models have been developed to study oxygen delivery using theoretical distributions of capillary flux. However, these distributions lack experimental validation.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We propose experimental recording of capillary red blood cell (RBC) velocities in a superficial cortical microvascular network in a mouse model of SAH, testing theoretical transit time distributions and their implications on tissue oxygenation.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We performed optical recording of RBC velocities. We propose a complete software, available on GitHub, for velocity semi-automated measurement. Experimental data were fitted with Gamma and Cauchy probability distribution functions (PDFs). Corresponding maximal oxygen metabolic rates ( <math> <mrow><msubsup><mi>CMRO</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mi>max</mi></msubsup> </mrow> </math> ) were computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data showed that transit time distributions changed after SAH, such that they followed a Cauchy distribution. Corresponding <math> <mrow><msubsup><mi>CMRO</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mi>max</mi></msubsup> </mrow> </math> maps showed a malignant capillary heterogeneity state.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We provide distributions of transit times in an SAH mouse model, allowing us to discuss PDF implications for maximal oxygen consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14612"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viscocohesive hyaluronan gel enhances stability of intravital multiphoton imaging with subcellular resolution.","authors":"Ryan A Morton, Tyson N Kim","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14602","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has become a preferred technique for intravital imaging deep in living tissues with subcellular detail, where resolution and working depths are typically optimized utilizing high numerical aperture, water-immersion objectives with long focusing distances. However, this approach requires the maintenance of water between the specimen and the objective lens, which can be challenging or impossible for many intravital preparations with complex tissues and spatial arrangements. We introduce the novel use of cohesive hyaluronan gel (HG) as an immersion medium that can be used in place of water within existing optical setups to enable multiphoton imaging with equivalent quality and far superior stability. We characterize and compare imaging performance, longevity, and feasibility of preparations in various configurations. This combination of HG with MPM is highly accessible and opens the doors to new intravital imaging applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14602"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11582905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurovascular coupling over cortical brain areas and resting state network connectivity with and without rigidified carotid artery.","authors":"Marleen E Bakker, Cong Zhang, Matthieu P Vanni, Frédéric Lesage","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14606","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is key to research as hemodynamics can reflect neuronal activation and is often used in studies regarding the resting state network (RSN). However, several circumstances, including diseases that reduce blood vessel elasticity, can diminish NVC. In these cases, hemodynamic proxies might not accurately reflect the neuronal RSN.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to investigate in resting state if (1) NVC differs over brain regions, (2) NVC remains intact with a mild rigidification of the carotid artery, (3) hemodynamic-based RSN reflects neuronal-based RSN, and (4) RSN differs with a mildly rigidified artery.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We rigidified the right common carotid artery of mice ( <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>15</mn></mrow> </math> ) by applying a <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>CaCl</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> -soaked cloth to it (NaCl for Sham, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>17</mn></mrow> </math> ). With simultaneous GCaMP and intrinsic optical imaging, we compared neuronal activation to hemodynamic changes over the entire cortex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NVC parameters did not differ between the CaCl and Sham groups. Likewise, GCaMP and hemodynamic RSN showed similar connections in both groups. However, the parameters of NVC differed over brain regions. Retrosplenial regions had a slower response and a higher HbR peak than sensory and visual regions, and the motor cortex showed less HbO influx than sensory and visual regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NVC in a resting state differs over brain regions but is not altered by mild rigidification of the carotid artery.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14606"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Important role of the right hemisphere in post-stroke cognitive impairment: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.","authors":"Yinan Ai, Yu Zhang, Fang Zheng, Haojie Hu, Mingyu Yin, Ziying Ye, Haiqing Zheng, Liying Zhang, Xiquan Hu","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015008","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>The current neuromodulation treatment for post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is formulated based on interhemispheric inhibition, which is particularly relevant in the context of motor disorders after stroke. However, the pathological mechanism of PSCI remains unclear, which is completely different from motor disorders. Therefore, exploring the pathological brain characteristics of PSCI can provide a reliable theoretical basis for effective neuromodulation treatment for it.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We explored different functional connectivity (FC) manifestations of PSCI with or without aphasia via functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to provide a pathological basis for the neuromodulation strategy.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We collected cognitive performance and fNIRS data from patients with PSCI without aphasia (PSCI group, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>33</mn></mrow> </math> ) and patients with post-stroke aphasia (PSA group, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>31</mn></mrow> </math> ), using normal cognition stroke patients (SC group, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>32</mn></mrow> </math> ) and healthy subjects (HC group, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>31</mn></mrow> </math> ) as controls. Differences in FC among different types of stroke-related cognitive impairment were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall FC in the PSCI group was lower than that in the SC or HC group, and the FCs of the right hemisphere, the right default mode network (DMN), and the right central executive network (CEN) of PSCI patients were significantly lower than those of the left ones. In the PSA group, the FCs of the DMN and CEN were not lower than those in the SC and HC groups, and the FC of the left hemisphere was significantly greater than that of the right hemisphere. In addition, the FC of PSCI patients with right lesions was weaker than that of left lesions, which was closely correlated with the cognitive scale.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Unlike the left hemisphere activation strategy commonly used previously, our results suggest that the important role of the right hemisphere may be overlooked in PSCI patients with or without aphasia. Future treatment options and studies could consider focusing on the right hemisphere or bilateral hemispheres.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing vascular function in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, and mixed Alzheimer's and atherosclerosis.","authors":"Beth Eyre, Kira Shaw, Dave Drew, Alexandra Rayson, Osman Shabir, Llywelyn Lee, Sheila Francis, Jason Berwick, Clare Howarth","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14610","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Alzheimer's disease does not occur in isolation, and there are many comorbidities associated with the disease, especially diseases of the vasculature. Atherosclerosis is a known risk factor for the subsequent development of Alzheimer's disease; therefore, understanding how both diseases interact will provide a greater understanding of co-morbid disease progression and aid the development of potential new treatments.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We characterize hemodynamic responses and cognitive performance in APP/PS1 Alzheimer's mice, atherosclerosis mice, and a mixed disease group (APP/PS1 and atherosclerosis) between the ages of 9 and 12 months.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Whisker-evoked hemodynamic responses and recognition memory were assessed in awake mice, immunohistochemistry to assess amyloid pathology, and histology to characterize atherosclerotic plaque load.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed hemodynamic deficits in atherosclerosis mice (versus Alzheimer's, mixed disease, or wild-type mice), with reduced short-duration stimulus-evoked hemodynamic responses occurring when there was no concurrent locomotion during the stimulation period. Mixed Alzheimer's and atherosclerosis models did not show differences in amyloid beta coverage in the cortex or hippocampus or atherosclerotic plaque burden in the aortic arch vs relevant Alzheimer's or atherosclerosis controls. Consistent with the subtle vascular deficits and no pathology differences, we also observed no difference in performance on the object recognition task across groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results emphasize the importance of experimental design for characterizing vascular function across disease groups, as locomotion and stimulus duration impacted the ability to detect differences between groups. Although atherosclerosis did reduce hemodynamic responses, these were recovered in the presence of co-occurring Alzheimer's disease, which may provide targets for future studies to explore the potentially contrasting vasodilatory mechanisms these diseases impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14610"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}