Neurophotonics最新文献

{"title":"Viscocohesive hyaluronan gel enhances stability of intravital multiphoton imaging with subcellular resolution.","authors":"Ryan A Morton, Tyson N Kim","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14602","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has become a preferred technique for intravital imaging deep in living tissues with subcellular detail, where resolution and working depths are typically optimized utilizing high numerical aperture, water-immersion objectives with long focusing distances. However, this approach requires the maintenance of water between the specimen and the objective lens, which can be challenging or impossible for many intravital preparations with complex tissues and spatial arrangements. We introduce the novel use of cohesive hyaluronan gel (HG) as an immersion medium that can be used in place of water within existing optical setups to enable multiphoton imaging with equivalent quality and far superior stability. We characterize and compare imaging performance, longevity, and feasibility of preparations in various configurations. This combination of HG with MPM is highly accessible and opens the doors to new intravital imaging applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14602"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11582905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurovascular coupling over cortical brain areas and resting state network connectivity with and without rigidified carotid artery.","authors":"Marleen E Bakker, Cong Zhang, Matthieu P Vanni, Frédéric Lesage","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14606","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is key to research as hemodynamics can reflect neuronal activation and is often used in studies regarding the resting state network (RSN). However, several circumstances, including diseases that reduce blood vessel elasticity, can diminish NVC. In these cases, hemodynamic proxies might not accurately reflect the neuronal RSN.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to investigate in resting state if (1) NVC differs over brain regions, (2) NVC remains intact with a mild rigidification of the carotid artery, (3) hemodynamic-based RSN reflects neuronal-based RSN, and (4) RSN differs with a mildly rigidified artery.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We rigidified the right common carotid artery of mice ( <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>15</mn></mrow> </math> ) by applying a <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>CaCl</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> -soaked cloth to it (NaCl for Sham, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>17</mn></mrow> </math> ). With simultaneous GCaMP and intrinsic optical imaging, we compared neuronal activation to hemodynamic changes over the entire cortex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NVC parameters did not differ between the CaCl and Sham groups. Likewise, GCaMP and hemodynamic RSN showed similar connections in both groups. However, the parameters of NVC differed over brain regions. Retrosplenial regions had a slower response and a higher HbR peak than sensory and visual regions, and the motor cortex showed less HbO influx than sensory and visual regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NVC in a resting state differs over brain regions but is not altered by mild rigidification of the carotid artery.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14606"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Important role of the right hemisphere in post-stroke cognitive impairment: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.","authors":"Yinan Ai, Yu Zhang, Fang Zheng, Haojie Hu, Mingyu Yin, Ziying Ye, Haiqing Zheng, Liying Zhang, Xiquan Hu","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015008","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>The current neuromodulation treatment for post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is formulated based on interhemispheric inhibition, which is particularly relevant in the context of motor disorders after stroke. However, the pathological mechanism of PSCI remains unclear, which is completely different from motor disorders. Therefore, exploring the pathological brain characteristics of PSCI can provide a reliable theoretical basis for effective neuromodulation treatment for it.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We explored different functional connectivity (FC) manifestations of PSCI with or without aphasia via functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to provide a pathological basis for the neuromodulation strategy.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We collected cognitive performance and fNIRS data from patients with PSCI without aphasia (PSCI group, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>33</mn></mrow> </math> ) and patients with post-stroke aphasia (PSA group, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>31</mn></mrow> </math> ), using normal cognition stroke patients (SC group, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>32</mn></mrow> </math> ) and healthy subjects (HC group, <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>31</mn></mrow> </math> ) as controls. Differences in FC among different types of stroke-related cognitive impairment were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall FC in the PSCI group was lower than that in the SC or HC group, and the FCs of the right hemisphere, the right default mode network (DMN), and the right central executive network (CEN) of PSCI patients were significantly lower than those of the left ones. In the PSA group, the FCs of the DMN and CEN were not lower than those in the SC and HC groups, and the FC of the left hemisphere was significantly greater than that of the right hemisphere. In addition, the FC of PSCI patients with right lesions was weaker than that of left lesions, which was closely correlated with the cognitive scale.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Unlike the left hemisphere activation strategy commonly used previously, our results suggest that the important role of the right hemisphere may be overlooked in PSCI patients with or without aphasia. Future treatment options and studies could consider focusing on the right hemisphere or bilateral hemispheres.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing vascular function in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, and mixed Alzheimer's and atherosclerosis.","authors":"Beth Eyre, Kira Shaw, Dave Drew, Alexandra Rayson, Osman Shabir, Llywelyn Lee, Sheila Francis, Jason Berwick, Clare Howarth","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14610","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Alzheimer's disease does not occur in isolation, and there are many comorbidities associated with the disease, especially diseases of the vasculature. Atherosclerosis is a known risk factor for the subsequent development of Alzheimer's disease; therefore, understanding how both diseases interact will provide a greater understanding of co-morbid disease progression and aid the development of potential new treatments.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We characterize hemodynamic responses and cognitive performance in APP/PS1 Alzheimer's mice, atherosclerosis mice, and a mixed disease group (APP/PS1 and atherosclerosis) between the ages of 9 and 12 months.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Whisker-evoked hemodynamic responses and recognition memory were assessed in awake mice, immunohistochemistry to assess amyloid pathology, and histology to characterize atherosclerotic plaque load.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed hemodynamic deficits in atherosclerosis mice (versus Alzheimer's, mixed disease, or wild-type mice), with reduced short-duration stimulus-evoked hemodynamic responses occurring when there was no concurrent locomotion during the stimulation period. Mixed Alzheimer's and atherosclerosis models did not show differences in amyloid beta coverage in the cortex or hippocampus or atherosclerotic plaque burden in the aortic arch vs relevant Alzheimer's or atherosclerosis controls. Consistent with the subtle vascular deficits and no pathology differences, we also observed no difference in performance on the object recognition task across groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results emphasize the importance of experimental design for characterizing vascular function across disease groups, as locomotion and stimulus duration impacted the ability to detect differences between groups. Although atherosclerosis did reduce hemodynamic responses, these were recovered in the presence of co-occurring Alzheimer's disease, which may provide targets for future studies to explore the potentially contrasting vasodilatory mechanisms these diseases impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14610"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of cocaine-induced brain vascular and cellular function changes measured <i>in vivo</i> with optical imaging.","authors":"Congwu Du, Hyomin Jeong, Alan P Koretsky, Yingtian Pan","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14611","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Cocaine exerts effects on vascular and cellular functions in the brain. The interactions among cerebrovasculature, neurons, and astrocytes and their dynamic changes during exposure complicate the understanding of its effects. Therefore, there is a need for simultaneous, multiparameter <i>in vivo</i> measurements to accurately distinguish these effects.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>A multimodal optical imaging approach that is tailored to investigate cocaine's effects on cerebrovasculature, neurons, and astrocytes in high-spatiotemporal resolution and large field of view is presented with comparisons to other modalities.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>This approach integrates optical coherence tomography, fluorescence, and spectral absorption imaging to permit high-resolution imaging of 3D cerebrovessels, cerebral blood flow (CBF), changes in oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin, and large-scale cellular activities via intracellular calcium fluorescence expressed through genetically encoded calcium indicators in the mouse cortex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results show that cocaine induces vasoconstriction and reduces CBF, thus increasing the susceptibility of the brain to ischemia with chronic exposure. Moreover, cocaine alters neuronal activity and frontal responses to deep brain stimulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings on cocaine's effects on the neuro-astroglial-vascular network in the prefrontal cortex highlight the unique capacity of optical imaging to reveal the cellular and vascular mechanisms underlying cocaine's neurotoxic effects on brain function.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14611"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation increases synaptic plasticity of cortical axons in the APP/PS1 amyloidosis mouse model.","authors":"Barbora Fulopova, William Bennett, Alison J Canty","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14613","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Growing evidence highlights the therapeutic potential of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in diseases causing dementias such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, individual responses to rTMS are variable, and its underlying neural mechanisms are not fully understood.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>As synaptic dysfunction is one of the key mechanisms associated with cognitive deficits in dementia, we investigated the effect of rTMS on cortical synapses using an APP/PS1 amyloidosis mouse model of AD crossed with fluorescent reporters linked to the Thy-1 promoter.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Using <i>in vivo</i> two-photon imaging, we characterized the plasticity of excitatory <i>terminaux</i> (TB) and <i>en passant</i> (EPB) axonal boutons at 48-h intervals for 8 days on either side of a single session of rTMS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found both types of axonal boutons preserved the overall number of their synaptic outputs in wild type (WT) and APP/PS1 groups, pre- and post-stimulation. Both synapse types also showed a significantly reduced dynamic fraction in APP/PS1 compared with WT axons pre-stimulation. Following stimulation, the TB, but not EPB, dynamic fraction increased in both WT and APP/PS1 groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This suggests possible mechanisms of rTMS action that are cell type-specific and, together with previous findings of improved functional performance, present a potential clinical avenue for rTMS in the management of AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14613"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12119023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voluntary locomotion induces an early and remote hemodynamic decrease in the large cerebral veins.","authors":"Beth Eyre, Kira Shaw, Sheila Francis, Clare Howarth, Jason Berwick","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14609","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Behavior regulates dural and cerebral vessels, with spontaneous locomotion inducing dural vessel constriction and increasing stimulus-evoked cerebral hemodynamic responses. It is vital to investigate the function of different vascular network components, surrounding and within the brain, to better understand the role of the neurovascular unit in health and neurodegeneration.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We characterized locomotion-induced hemodynamic responses across vascular compartments of the whisker barrel cortex: artery, vein, parenchyma, draining, and meningeal vein.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Using 2D-OIS, hemodynamic responses during locomotion were recorded in 9- to 12-month-old awake mice: wild-type, Alzheimer's disease (AD), atherosclerosis, or mixed (atherosclerosis/AD) models. Within the somatosensory cortex, responses were taken from pial vessels inside the whisker barrel region [(WBR): \"whisker artery\" and \"whisker vein\"], a large vein from the sagittal sinus adjacent to the WBR (draining vein), and meningeal vessels from the dura mater (which do not penetrate cortical tissue).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrate that locomotion evokes an initial decrease in total hemoglobin (HbT) within the draining vein before the increase in HbT within WBR vessels. The locomotion event size influences the magnitude of the HbT increase in the pial vessels of the WBR but not of the early HbT decrease within the draining veins. Following locomotion onset, an early HbT decrease was also observed in the overlying meningeal vessels, which unlike within the cortex did not go on to exceed baseline HbT levels during the remainder of the locomotion response. We show that locomotion-induced hemodynamic responses are altered in disease in the draining vein and whisker artery, suggesting this could be an important neurodegeneration biomarker.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This initial reduction in HbT within the draining and meningeal veins potentially serves as a \"space-saving\" mechanism, allowing for large increases in cortical HbT associated with locomotion. Given this mechanism is impacted by disease, it may provide an important target for vascular-based therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14609"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex difference in language cognition in the elderly group: a near-infrared spectroscopy study.","authors":"Yizhu Tian, Wenyu Jiang, Mingxi Yang, Di Wu, Xiang Li, Deyu Li, Daifa Wang, Meiyun Xia","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015007","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.015007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>There are sex differences in the incidence and prevalence of cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. Whether this difference is already present in the preclinical stage of the disease is unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aim to explore whether there are sex differences in brain functional activities of specific cognitive tasks in the elderly and identify sex-related biomarkers of specific cognitive functions, which may provide important references for the mechanism disclosure and clinical early screening and diagnosis of cognitive disorders.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We measured global cerebral hemoglobin concentrations and connectivity in elderly male ( <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>45</mn></mrow> </math> ) and female ( <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>44</mn></mrow> </math> ) groups during the letter and category verbal fluency tasks. The sex differences in activation and connectivity and their relationship with task performance were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that there is a significant sex difference in connectivity, especially connectivity between the left inferior parietal and right prefrontal and left and right occipital in letter tasks, including the connectivity in parietal, left inferior parietal, and left occipital in category tasks. These connectivities were also significantly negatively correlated with the task performance of male groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicated the connectivity between the left inferior parietal and right prefrontal, left and right occipital in letter tasks; the internal connectivity in the parietal; and the connectivity between parietal and the left inferior parietal and right occipital in category tasks may be crucial for verbal assessment of aging males. It is expected that the results will assist in cognitive assessment in the elderly group.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"015007"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11817810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebrovascular alterations in a mouse model of late-onset Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Christian Crouzet, Danny F Xie, Maiella Nona Laquindanum Nuqui, Jonathan Hasselman, Thinh Phan, Robert H Wilson, David Baglietto-Vargas, Celia Da Cunha, Hayk Davtyan, Stefania Forner, Amandine Jullienne, Afsheen Bazrafkan, Frank M LaFerla, Andre Obenaus, Mathew Blurton-Jones, Yama Akbari, Kim N Green, Bernard Choi","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14614","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.S1.S14614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with cerebrovascular alterations contributing to cognitive decline. Assessing cerebrovascular changes in mouse models that mimic the human condition of late-onset, sporadic AD is important for better human applicability.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess cerebrovascular changes in three mouse models: (1) 3xTg-AD; (2) the humanized amyloid-beta knock-in ( <math><mrow><mi>hA</mi> <mi>β</mi></mrow> </math> -KI) mouse model of late-onset, sporadic AD; and (3) age-matched wild-type mice.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>We measured resting-state cerebral blood flow (CBF) and neurovascular coupling (NVC) using laser speckle imaging (LSI) and performed <i>ex vivo</i> analyses of gene expression and cerebrovascular structure using bulk ribonucleic acid sequencing and confocal microscopy, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study identifies specific cerebrovascular alterations in the <math><mrow><mi>hA</mi> <mi>β</mi></mrow> </math> -KI mouse model, including increased resting-state CBF, a shift toward smaller blood vessel diameters, impaired NVC, and transcriptomic changes related to metabolism and inflammation. Notably, we found that the increased resting-state CBF was primarily associated with female <math><mrow><mi>hA</mi> <mi>β</mi></mrow> </math> -KI mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that the <math><mrow><mi>hA</mi> <mi>β</mi></mrow> </math> -KI mouse model exhibits cerebrovascular alterations that warrant further investigation to uncover the underlying mechanisms. Expanding these studies could enhance our understanding of cerebrovascular alterations in AD and support the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 Suppl 1","pages":"S14614"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FASER: a tool for vectorial point spread function simulation with applications in stimulated emission depletion microscopy.","authors":"Johannes Roos, Stéphane Bancelin, U Valentin Nägerl","doi":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.017801","DOIUrl":"10.1117/1.NPh.12.1.017801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We introduce FASER, a software package designed to simulate the excitation point spread functions (PSFs) of microscopes. It is written in Python as a plugin for the open-source platform Napari. Using a full-vectorial computational approach to simulate the electromagnetic fields within the focal region makes precise predictions and allows detailed analyses of excitation PSFs. FASER is intended as a pedagogical tool enabling users to explore the impacts of various geometrical and optical parameters of practical importance on the performance of the microscope. It supports the modeling of complex beam profiles, including donut and bottle-shaped beams, which are commonly used in advanced microscopy techniques such as stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy. Through specific simulations and accessible illustrations, we showcase FASER's capabilities in capturing characteristic features of STED microscopy, making it a practical resource for researchers and students in optical microscopy to explore and optimize high-resolution imaging techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":54335,"journal":{"name":"Neurophotonics","volume":"12 1","pages":"017801"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11817813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}