Antibiotics-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Incidence, Compliance, and Risk Factor Associated with Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLABSI) in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Patients: A Multicenter Study in an Upper Middle-Income Country.","authors":"Arulvani Rajandra, Nor'azim Mohd Yunos, Chin Hai Teo, Anjanna Kukreja, Nur Alwani Suhaimi, Siti Zuhairah Mohd Razali, Sazali Basri, Cindy Shuan Ju Teh, Chee Loon Leong, Ismaliza Ismail, Azureen Azmel, Nor Hafizah Mohd Yunus, Giri Shan Rajahram, Abdul Jabbar Ismail, Shanti Rudra Deva, Pei Wei Kee, Trgs Working Group, Sasheela Sri La Sri Ponnampalavanar","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030271","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Despite significant prevention efforts, the incidence of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) in intensive care units (ICUs) is rising at an alarming rate. CLABSI contributes to increased morbidity, mortality, prolonged hospital stays and elevated healthcare costs. This study aimed to determine the incidence rate of CLABSI, compliance with the central venous catheter (CVC) care bundle and risk factors associated with CLABSI among ICU patients. <b>Method:</b> This prospective observational study was conducted in one university hospital and two public hospitals in Malaysia between October 2022 to January 2023. Adult ICU patients (aged > 18 years) with CVC and admitted to the ICU for more than 48 h were included in this study. Data collected included patient demographics, clinical diagnosis, CVC details, compliance with CVC care bundle and microbiological results. All data analyses were performed using SPSS version 23. <b>Results:</b> A total of 862 patients with 997 CVCs met the inclusion criteria, contributing to 4330 central line (CL) days and 18 CLABSI cases. The overall incidence rate of CLABSI was 4.16 per 1000 CL days. The average of overall compliance with CVC care bundle components was 65%. The predominant causative microorganisms isolated from CLABSI episodes were Gram-negative bacteria (78.3%), followed by Gram-positive bacteria (17.4%) and <i>Candida</i> spp. (2.0%). Multivariate analysis identified prolonged ICU stay (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.994; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.092-3.009), undergoing surgery (AOR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.468-5.830) and having had multiple catheters (AOR: 3.167, 95% CI: 1.519-9.313) as significant risk factors for CLABSI. <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings underscore the importance of robust surveillance, embedded infection-control and -prevention initiatives, and strict adherence to the CVC care bundle to prevent CLABSI in ICUs. Targeted interventions addressing identified risk factors are crucial to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Antibiogram Pattern of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> from 2013 to 2023 in a Tertiary Care Hospital in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Ohood Alharbi, Hamdi M Al-Said, Sami S Ashgar, Naif A Jalal, Hani Faidah, Aiman M Momenah, Ayman K Johargy, Farkad Bantun, Fadi S Qashqari, Omar Hani Faidah, Mamdouh A Bukhari, Karem Ibrahem","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030274","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is pathogen of global concern. It causes infection, especially among immunocompromised individuals in intensive care units, due to its ability to survive for long periods on hard surfaces and under a wide range of environmental conditions and become resistant to almost all the available antibiotics used in clinical practice. <b>Objectives</b>: This study aims to address the gap in <i>A. baumannii</i> surveillance in Saudi Arabia by tracking the prevalence, patterns, and trends of acquired <i>A. baumannii</i> resistance at a healthcare facility in the western part of Saudi Arabia over eleven years. <b>Methods</b>: The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in the western region of Saudi Arabia, from January 2013 to December 2023. <b>Results:</b> Our data indicated that <i>A. baumannii</i> infections were predominantly observed in inpatients admitted to the hospital (96%) compared to those treated as outpatients in the emergency clinic (4%). The mean of annual <i>A. baumannii</i> infections isolated from inpatients is 503.3, whereas the mean for outpatients is 21, indicating a statistically significant difference with a <i>p</i>-value of <0.0001. The analysis of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of <i>A. baumannii</i> demonstrated a variable levels of resistance to the evaluated antibiotics. The lowest resistance rate was for colistin. <b>Conclusions</b>: In conclusion, the incidence patterns of <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates peaked in 2013, then declined, and have recently shown an increase, underscoring the necessity for proactive interventions to curtail its dissemination, notwithstanding initial decreases in infection rates and resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the Clinical Potential of Cold Atmospheric Plasma in Dentistry as an Alternative to Antibiotic Therapy. Comment on Gross et al. Guided Plasma Application in Dentistry-An Alternative to Antibiotic Therapy. <i>Antibiotics</i> 2024, <i>13</i>, 735.","authors":"Thibault Canceill, Cristina Canal, Antoine Dubuc, Nofel Merbahi, Sarah Cousty","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030272","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study by Gross et al [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppressive Antibiotic Therapy in Prosthetic Joint Infections: A Contemporary Overview.","authors":"Hajer Harrabi, Eloïse Meyer, Nathalie Dournon, Frédérique Bouchand, Christel Mamona Kilu, Véronique Perronne, Karim Jaffal, Emma d'Anglejan, Clara Duran, Aurélien Dinh","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030277","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The management of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) poses significant challenges, requiring a multidisciplinary approach involving surgical, microbiological, and pharmacological expertise. Suppressive antibiotic therapy (SAT) has emerged as a viable option in cases where curative interventions are deemed unfeasible. This review provides an updated synthesis of recent evidence on SAT, including its indications, efficacy, practical considerations, and associated challenges. We aim to highlight the nuances of this therapeutic approach, discuss the factors influencing its success, and offer future directions for research to optimize patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virucidal Activity of Lemon Juice Against Feline Calicivirus, Surrogate of Norovirus.","authors":"Gianvito Lanave, Francesco Pellegrini, Cristiana Catella, Helena Mateos, Gerardo Palazzo, Arturo Gentile, Georgia Diakoudi, Matteo Burgio, Maria Tempesta, Vito Martella, Michele Camero","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030273","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Noroviruses are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis, often transmitted through contaminated food and water. In this study, lemon juice (LJ), rich in citric acid (CA) and flavonoids, was tested against Feline Calicivirus (FCV), used as a surrogate of human norovirus. Significant virucidal activity was observed for pure LJ (pH = 2.3), with a reduction in viral titers as high as 4.50 log₁₀ TCID₅₀/50 µL after 30 s and complete inactivation after 1 min. LJ also showed limited virucidal activity at a dilution of 1:2000 (pH = 6.7), with a reduction in viral titer of 0.75 log₁₀ TCID₅₀/50 µL. CA (at the same molarity as CA in pure LJ and adjusted to pH = 2.3) exhibited virucidal effects comparable to pure LJ, with a decrease in viral titers as high as 3.75 log₁₀ TCID₅₀/50 µL, whilst diluted CA (pH = 6.7) did not show significant effects. This study demonstrated the virucidal efficacy of LJ, suggesting the role of pH and, eventually, of LJ bioactive compounds against a norovirus surrogate. Due to its large use in food preparation, LJ has the potential to enhance the safety of raw food. Also, broader applications in personal hygiene and surface disinfection could be devised.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot Study on the Impact of Cranberry and Ascorbic Acid Supplementation on the Urinary Microbiome of Healthy Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Alina Nussbaumer-Pröll, Bela Hausmann, Maria Weber, Petra Pjevac, David Berry, Markus Zeitlinger","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030278","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: The collection of microorganisms that colonize the human genital and urinary tract is referred to as the genitourinary microbiome. Urinary tract infections (UTIs), which predominantly affect women, are linked to alterations in the genitourinary microbiome. Cranberries (<i>Vaccinium oxycoccos</i>), rich in proanthocyanidins, and ascorbic acid (vitamin C), known for their urinary acidification properties, are commonly used for UTI prevention. However, their effects on the genitourinary microbiome remain inadequately characterized. This pilot study assesses the genitourinary microbiome composition in healthy women and evaluates the influence of cranberry and ascorbic acid supplementation. <b>Methods</b>: In a randomized, controlled, and open-label trial, 27 healthy women in their reproductive age (18-40 years) were assigned to three groups: cranberry (n = 8), ascorbic acid (n = 10), and control (n = 9). Urine samples were collected at three time points and processed for 16S rRNA gene amplicon-based microbial community composition analysis. Microbiome composition was compared within and between groups, and between study visits. <b>Results</b>: Sufficient microbial DNA was extracted from all midstream urine samples. The genitourinary microbiome was predominantly composed of <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp., as reported previously. No significant shifts in microbial composition were observed in response to cranberry or ascorbic acid supplementation, and no statistically significant differences were detected between the intervention and control groups or between study visits. <b>Conclusion</b>: The genitourinary microbiome of healthy women remained stable during cranberry or ascorbic acid supplementation. Further studies in patients with recurrent UTIs are needed to explore the potential impacts of these supplements on the genitourinary microbiome in disease states.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colistin Treatment Outcomes in Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections in the Northeast of Romania: A Decade of Change Through Pandemic Challenges.","authors":"Madalina Alexandra Vlad, Luminita Smaranda Iancu, Olivia Simona Dorneanu, Alexandru Duhaniuc, Mariana Pavel-Tanasa, Cristina Gabriela Tuchilus","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030275","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: The rise in multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) poses a critical threat to global health, exacerbated by the increased use of antibiotics during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Colistin, often considered a last-resort antibiotic, has seen heightened usage, raising concerns about resistance and clinical outcomes. This study investigates the evolution of colistin resistance in GNB during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, with a focus on clinical outcomes in colistin-treated patients. <b>Methods</b>: Conducted in \"Saint Spiridon\" Hospital, Iasi, Romania, the study assesses antibiotic usage, trend in GNB resistance to colistin, and mortality rates across distinct pandemic phases (pre-pandemic, Delta, Omicron, and post-pandemic). A retrospective longitudinal analysis spanning 2011 to 2023 was performed. Statistical models were employed to analyze mortality risk and assess the pandemic's impact on antimicrobial dynamics. <b>Results</b>: Colistin usage increased significantly during the pandemic, with the highest doses recorded during the Omicron phase. Resistance to colistin, particularly among <i>A. baumannii</i> and <i>K. pneumoniae</i>, was associated with increased mortality rates. The statistical model demonstrated robust predictive accuracy for mortality across the pandemic phases, with an AUC of 0.866 in the post-pandemic period. The findings underscore the critical role of <i>A. baumannii</i> as a driver of adverse outcomes, with co-infections significantly linked to systemic infections and higher mortality. <b>Conclusions</b>: The study highlights the evolving trends in colistin therapy and resistance, emphasizing the pandemic's impact on antimicrobial stewardship and the persistent challenges posed by MDR pathogens. We emphasize the need for antimicrobial resistance surveillance, including the monitoring of colistin resistance, which is considered a last-resort antibiotic.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Escherichia coli</i> in Brazilian Poultry Fecal Samples: Co-Carriage of Fosfomycin and ESBL Resistance.","authors":"Felipe Juscele, Andre B S Saidenberg, Lars E B Christoffersen, Sofie M Edslev, Søren Hallstrøm, Jessica R Nacarato, Fernanda B Barbosa, Marcos P Cunha, Fernanda Esposito, Nilton H Lincopan, Marc Stegger, Terezinha Knöbl","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030269","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Fosfomycin, a critically important antibiotic, is widely used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Escherichia coli</i>, particularly those producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). However, its increasing use in livestock has raised concerns about resistance development and global dissemination. This study investigated fosfomycin resistance in <i>E. coli</i> isolates from 400 fecal samples collected at Brazilian broiler farms. <b>Methods</b>: The samples were tested for their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), screened with PCR for specific resistance genes, and selected isolated were whole genome sequenced. <b>Results</b>: Phenotypic resistance to fosfomycin was detected in 19% (75/400) of the isolates, while the <i>fosA3</i> gene, encoding enzymatic resistance, was identified in 4% (16/400) via PCR screening. Long-read sequencing of seven <i>fosA3</i>-positive isolates revealed the presence of <i>fosA3</i> on IncFII and IncX plasmids, often co-located with <i>bla</i>_CTX-M-55 within a conserved <i>IS</i>26-flanked transposon. Comparative genomic analysis of 133,541 global <i>E. coli</i> genomes from EnteroBase showed that 35% harbored similar transposon structures, with 2% carrying <i>fosA3</i>. These <i>fosA3</i>-positive isolates were significantly associated with South America and exhibited high co-carriage of ESBL genes, particularly in environmental and poultry-associated isolates. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated no clustering by host or geographic origin, highlighting the global dissemination of these resistance determinants. <b>Conclusions</b>: Our findings emphasize the role of poultry production in the spread of fosfomycin and ESBL resistance, driven by transmissible plasmids and co-selection with third-generation cephalosporins. Improved antimicrobial stewardship, surveillance programs, and alternative management strategies are urgently needed to mitigate the dissemination of resistance and preserve fosfomycin's efficacy in human medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Compounds as Antimicrobial Agents-2nd Edition.","authors":"Carlos M Franco, Beatriz I Vázquez","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030268","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This monograph first covers two review papers from Prof [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Colloid Centrifugation and Cold Storage of Boar Semen at 4 °C on Bacterial Load and Sperm Quality.","authors":"CongBang Ngo, Jane M Morrell, Ingrid Hansson, Padet Tummaruk, Aleksandar Cojkic","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030267","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Alternatives to antibiotics in semen extenders used for pig breeding are needed. Cold storage of boar semen is possible in certain extenders; however, bacteria can still survive. Colloid centrifugation can remove bacteria; therefore, a combination of colloid centrifugation and cold storage on the bacterial load and sperm quality of boar semen was investigated. <b>Results</b>: The sperm quality in the original samples were similar in samples with and without antibiotics, respectively. At Day 4, the bacterial count was not different between controls stored at 17 °C with antibiotics and SLC cold-stored samples without antibiotics. The proportion of dead sperm increased in controls at 16-18 °C (28.12 ± 21.72% vs. 32.88 ± 20.94%; <i>p</i> < 0.05), and DNA fragmentation increased from 1.5 ± 1.02% at Day 0 to 6.1 ± 3.64% at Day 4 (<i>p</i> < 0.01), whereas it did not deteriorate in the cold-stored samples (Day 4: %DFI 2.00 ± 1.65% and 1.90 ± 1.05% for SLC samples with and without antibiotics, respectively). <b>Methods</b>: Aliquots of boar ejaculates were extended in Androstar Premium with and without antibiotics. The samples without antibiotics were processed by Single Layer Centrifugation (SLC) through Porcicoll; sperm pellets were resuspended in AndroStar Premium, with or without antibiotics, cooled slowly, and stored for 4 days at 4 °C. Controls (aliquots extended in AndroStar Premium with antibiotics) were stored at 17 °C. The bacterial load and sperm quality were assessed in the original samples and after 4 days of storage. <b>Conclusions</b>: Single Layer Centrifugation combined with cold storage is an effective method for reducing the bacterial load in boar semen, with or without antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}