Antibiotics-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Prospective Audit and Feedback of Targeted Antimicrobials Use at a Tertiary Care Hospital in the United Arab Emirates.","authors":"Shabaz Mohiuddin Gulam, Dixon Thomas, Fiaz Ahamed, Danial E Baker","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030237","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Antimicrobial stewardship programs improve antimicrobial use and help combat antimicrobial resistance. The Infectious Disease Society of America's (IDSA) recommended core interventions include prospective audit and feedback along with formulary restriction and preauthorization. IDSA recommends any one of these interventions be implemented in acute care hospitals to improve antimicrobial stewardship. The objective of this project was to implement a prospective audit and feedback system using selected antimicrobials at a tertiary care hospital in the United Arab Emirates as the foundation to build an antimicrobial stewardship program. <b>Results:</b> A total of 497 patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria during the study period; the post-intervention group had 260 patients, and the control group had 237 patients. After the implementation of the program, a total of 186 interventions were recommended, and 76% were accepted. The length of stay, length of therapy, and days of therapy were lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in clinical outcome measures (e.g., 30-day readmission, 30-day all-cause mortality, 30-day emergency visit with the same infection, and 60-day readmission). <b>Methods:</b> This single-center quasi-experimental research was conducted from August 2023 to July 2024. A pharmacist-led prospective audit and feedback system was initiated in February 2024 after review and approval of the medical staff, in addition to formulary restrictions. Data from patients receiving the selected antimicrobial before February 2024 were collected from their charts and related medical records without any intervention; this was used by our control group. After implementation, the hospital pharmacy's records were evaluated during the night shift to determine whether they met the inclusion criteria. The records of the eligible patients were then evaluated by the clinical pharmacist. In case of antimicrobial inappropriateness, feedback was provided to the prescriber. If the recommendation was not accepted, succeeding reviews and feedback were provided on subsequent days. The effectiveness of the intervention was measured using clinical and antibiotic use measures. <b>Conclusions:</b> Implementation of a pilot pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship program resulted in modification in antimicrobial use measures (i.e., defined daily doses of targeted antimicrobials and days of antimicrobial therapy) without an increase in length of stay or readmissions or mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geo-Temporal Variation in the Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Escherichia coli</i> in the Community.","authors":"Chloé C H Smit, Caitlin Keighley, Kris Rogers, Spiros Miyakis, Katja Taxis, Martina Sanderson-Smith, Nick Nicholas, Hamish Robertson, Lisa G Pont","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030233","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health challenge with significant global variation. Little is known about the prevalence on a smaller geographical scale. <b>Objectives</b>: This study aimed to explore the geo-temporal variation in antibiotic resistance in <i>Escherichia coli (E. coli</i>) urinary isolates in the Illawarra Shoalhaven region, a region south of Sydney. <b>Methods</b>: Data from urine <i>E. coli</i> isolates from people living in the community were geospatially analysed from 2008 to 2018. The proportion of resistant isolates was mapped by antibiotic type (amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, cefalexin, norfloxacin, and trimethoprim), postcode, and year. <b>Results</b>: Resistance varied by antibiotic, postcode, and over time, with some postcodes showing increased resistance one year and a decrease the following year. Areas with consistently higher resistance included metropolitan, port, and lake regions. We found low resistance in <i>E. coli</i> to amoxicillin with clavulanate, cefalexin, and norfloxacin (<5% to 10-19%) and the highest resistance for trimethoprim (10-19% to 30-39%). Overall, from 2008 to 2018, <i>E. coli</i> resistance to all four antibiotics increased in this region. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study shows temporal and geospatial changes in <i>E. coli</i> AMR over small geospatial areas, indicating the opportunity for geospatial analysis to assist in area-specific empirical treatment guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Yu et al. Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Escherichia coli</i> for Uncomplicated Cystitis: Korean Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System. <i>Antibiotics</i> 2024, <i>13</i>, 1075.","authors":"Seong Hyeon Yu, Seung Il Jung, Seung-Ju Lee, Mi-Mi Oh, Jin Bong Choi, Chang Il Choi, Yeon Joo Kim, Dong Jin Park, Sangrak Bae, Seung Ki Min, Kautii Investigators","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030234","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the original publication [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial for Special Issue \"Antimicrobial Treatment of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections\".","authors":"Charalampos D Moschopoulos, Anastasia Kotanidou, Sotirios Tsiodras, Paraskevi C Fragkou","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030232","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are highly prevalent, and severe LRTIs are associated with significant mortality and morbidity worldwide [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carmofur Exhibits Antimicrobial Activity Against <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>.","authors":"Wenting Lyu, Yuqing Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Hao Lu","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030231","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b><i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (<i>S. pneumoniae</i>) is a major pathogen causing severe infectious diseases, with an escalating issue of antimicrobial resistance that threatens the efficacy of existing antibiotics. Given the challenges in developing traditional antibiotics, drug repurposing strategies offer a novel approach to address the resistance crisis. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of the approved non-antibiotic anticancer drug carmofur against multidrug-resistant <i>S. pneumoniae</i>, and investigate the mechanism of action, and assess therapeutic potential in vivo. <b>Methods/Results:</b> Antimicrobial tests revealed that carmofur exhibited strong antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant <i>S. pneumoniae</i> strains, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.25 to 1 µg/mL. In the biofilm detection experiments, carmofur not only inhibited the formation of biofilms, but also effectively removed biofilms under high concentration conditions. Mechanistic studies showed that carmofur disrupted bacterial membrane permeability and decreased intracellular ATP levels. Molecular docking and dynamics simulation assays indicated that carmofur could stably bind to thymidylate synthase through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, thereby exerting antibacterial effects. Meanwhile, carmofur was able to repress the expression of the <i>thyA</i> gene at the mRNA level. In a mouse infection model, the carmofur treatment group showed a reduction of approximately two log levels in bacterial load in lung tissue and blood, a significant decrease in the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, and an improvement in survival rate to 60%. <b>Conclusions:</b> In summary, carmofur demonstrated significant antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities against multidrug-resistant <i>S. pneumoniae</i> and showed good anti-infective effects in vivo, suggesting its potential clinical application as a therapeutic agent against drug-resistant bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidrug Resistance, Biofilm-Forming Ability, and Molecular Characterization of <i>Vibrio</i> Species Isolated from Foods in Thailand.","authors":"Watcharapong Mitsuwan, Ratchadaporn Boripun, Phirabhat Saengsawang, Sutsiree Intongead, Sumaree Boonplu, Rawiwan Chanpakdee, Yukio Morita, Sumalee Boonmar, Napapat Rojanakun, Natnicha Suksriroj, Chollathip Ruekaewma, Titima Tenitsara","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030235","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Vibrio</i> species are common foodborne pathogens that cause gastrointestinal tract inflammation. Multidrug resistance (MDR) in <i>Vibrio</i> spp. is a global health concern, especially in aquaculture systems and food chain systems. This study aimed to detect <i>Vibrio</i> contamination in food collected from 14 markets in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand, and determine their antibiotic susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and thirty-six food samples were investigated for <i>Vibrio</i> contamination. All isolates were tested for antibiogram and biofilm-forming ability. Moreover, the ceftazidime or cefotaxime resistance isolates were additionally investigated for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. The isolates were additionally examined for the presence of antibiotic resistance genes. The ESBL-suspected isolates with moderate-to-high biofilm-forming ability were further analyzed for their whole genome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of <i>Vibrio</i> contamination in food samples was 42.65%, with <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> demonstrating the highest prevalence. Most isolates were resistant to β-lactam antibiotics, followed by aminoglycosides. The overall MDR of isolated <i>Vibrio</i> was 18.29%, with an average multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of 16.41%. Most isolates were found to have β-lactam resistance-related genes (<i>bla</i>_TEM) for 41.46%, followed by aminoglycoside resistance genes (<i>aac</i>(<i>6'</i>)-<i>Ib</i>) for 18.29%. Most <i>Vibrio</i> showed moderate to strong biofilm-forming ability, particularly in MDR isolates (92.86%). Two ESBL-suspected isolates, one <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> isolate and one <i>V. navarrensis</i>, were sequenced. Interestingly, <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> was an ESBL producer that harbored the <i>bla</i>_CTX-M-55 gene located in the mobile genetic element region. While <i>V. navarrensis</i> was not ESBL producer, this isolate carried the <i>bla</i>_AmpC gene in the region of horizontal gene transfer event. Remarkably, the <i>Inoviridae</i> sp. DNA integration event was present in two <i>Vibrio</i> genomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings impact the understanding of antibiotic-resistant <i>Vibrio</i> spp. in food samples, which could be applied for implementing control measures in aquaculture farming and food safety plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight into the Phenolic Composition of Cabernet Sauvignon Grapevine Berries During Fermentation-Towards the Application of Winery By-Products for Antibacterial Purposes.","authors":"Okba Hatem, Anita Seres-Steinbach, György Schneider, Éva Szabó, László Kőrösi","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030236","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wine production generates significant amounts of grape marc, which can serve as a potential source of bioactive compounds, including polyphenols.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this study, we aimed to investigate the polyphenol content of skin and seeds separated from grape marc, and test their extracts against two significant bacteria, <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> (<i>LM</i>) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>SA</i>).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive analysis of the phenolic composition in the skin, seeds, and juice/wine derived from Cabernet Sauvignon grape berries was conducted over an 18-day fermentation period. High-performance liquid chromatography was performed to identify and quantify the main flavan-3-ols, flavonols, anthocyanins, and stilbenes. In addition, the total phenolic content (TPC) was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TPC of both seeds and skins significantly decreased over time. In parallel, the TPC in the wine gradually increased, indicating a release of phenolic compounds into the wine. We found that the TPC in seeds was consistently higher than in the skin at all examined time points. The main flavonoids in seeds were flavan-3-ols (catechin and epicatechin), while anthocyanins (delphinidin-, cyanidin-, petunidin-, peonidin-, and malvidin-3-<i>O</i>-glucoside) were the predominant ones in skins. Crude seed and skin extracts enriched in phenolics were prepared, of which only the crude seed extract was proven effective against <i>LM</i> and <i>SA</i>. Following the time-kill assay, our findings revealed that the minimal bactericidal concentration of the crude seed extract against <i>LM</i> was 5.02 mg/mL after 12 h incubation, demonstrating the eradication of the living bacterial cell number by ~6 log. A 24 h exposure time was required for complete inactivation of <i>SA</i>, but a lower concentration was sufficient (2.54 mg/mL).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Grape waste remains a valuable source of polyphenols, with grape seeds, in particular, exhibiting significant antimicrobial activity against certain foodborne pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Bezlotoxumab-Fidaxomicin Combination Therapy in Clostridioides Infection: A Single-Center Retrospective Study from Aichi Prefecture, Japan.","authors":"Jun Hirai, Nobuaki Mori, Yuki Hanai, Nobuhiro Asai, Mao Hagihara, Hiroshige Mikamo","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030228","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b><i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection (CDI) poses a significant healthcare challenge, with recurrence rates reaching 30%, leading to substantial morbidity and costs. Fidaxomicin (FDX) and bezlotoxumab (BEZ) have shown potential in reducing recurrence; however, real-world data on the efficacy of their combination in high-risk CDI patients remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FDX + BEZ compared with FDX alone in CDI patients with recurrence risk factors. <b>Methods:</b> CDI patients with ≥two recurrence risk factors treated with FDX alone or FDX + BEZ were analyzed. Sixteen factors were evaluated as risk factors for recurrent CDI based on findings from previous studies. Patients with FDX treatment duration <10 days or other CDI treatment prior to FDX were excluded. Outcomes included recurrence within 2 months, global and clinical cure rates, and adverse events. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate efficacy. <b>Results:</b> Among 82 patients, the FDX + BEZ group (<i>n</i> = 30) demonstrated significantly higher global (86.7% vs. 65.4%; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and clinical cure rates (90.0% vs. 69.2%; <i>p</i> < 0.05) compared with the FDX-alone group (<i>n</i> = 52), despite more severe cases in the combination group. Recurrence rates were non-significantly lower in the FDX + BEZ group (3.3% vs. 11.5%). Combination therapy also accelerated diarrhea resolution without additional adverse events. Multivariate analysis identified FDX + BEZ as significantly associated with improved clinical cure (adjusted odds ratio 4.167; 95% CI: 1.029-16.885). <b>Conclusions:</b> FDX + BEZ therapy offers superior efficacy and safety in CDI patients with recurrence risk factors, presenting a promising strategy for optimizing CDI management.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Antibiotic Therapy with Ceftazidime Avibactam vs. Best Available Therapy in Adult Patients with Bacteremia Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales.","authors":"Daniel Arboleda, Camilo Buitrago, Erika Paola Vergara, Laura Cristina Nocua-Báez, Carlos Humberto Saavedra, Jorge Alberto Cortés","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030226","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infection is associated with a higher mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ceftazidime avibactam (CZA) for treating bacteremia caused by CRE compared to the best available therapy in an area where these microorganisms are endemic. <b>Methods</b>: A retrospective cohort study of patients with CRE bacteremia was conducted. We included adults with CRE bacteremia who were treated with CZA or the best available therapy (BAT) for more than 48 h, and the hospitalization time was recorded. The outcomes included death during hospitalization, relapse, and microbiological cure. Confounders were adjusted using propensity score-derived stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). <b>Results</b>: A total of 169 patients with CRE bacteremia were included. About 72.6% of isolates had a class A serin carbapenamase, and 20.4% had metallo-β-lactamase co-production. A total of 107 patients were treated with CZA, 63% in monotherapy and 32% with aztreonam (ATM). Crude mortality during hospitalization was 36 (34.5%) in patients treated with CZA and 21 (33.2%) with BAT. No difference was observed between death rates (HR 0.86: IC 95% 0.40-1.83), microbiological cure (OR 1.31 IC 95% 0.46-3.67), clinical response (OR 1.39 IC 95% 0.35-5.43), acute kidney injury (OR 0.56 IC 95% 0.11-2.80) or relapse (OR 0.99 IC 95% 0.17-5.51) during the hospitalization after the adjustment. <b>Conclusions</b>: Among adult patients with CRE, no differences were observed between treatments with CZA and BAT after adjustment with IPTW.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive Activity of an Arginine-Based Surfactant on the Formation of Mixed Biofilms of Fluconazole-Resistant <i>Candida albicans</i> and Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> on Central Venous Catheters.","authors":"Lourdes Pérez, Cecília Rocha da Silva, Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá, João Batista de Andrade Neto, Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral, Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues, Lara Elloyse Almeida Moreira, Maria Janielly Castelo Branco Silveira, Thais Lima Ferreira, Anderson Ramos da Silva, Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti, Nágila Maria Pontes Silva Ricardo, Francisco Alessandro Marinho Rodrigues, Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics14030227","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antibiotics14030227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Mixed bloodstream infections associated with central venous catheter (CVC) use are a growing problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of a cationic arginine-based gemini surfactant, C₉(LA)₂, against mixed biofilms of fluconazole-resistant <i>Candida albicans</i> and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing <i>E. coli</i>, and the preventive effect of this surfactant impregnated in CVCs on the formation of inter-kingdom biofilms. <b>Methods:</b> Broth microdilution assays were performed along with evaluation of the effect against mixed biofilms in formation. The impregnation of CVCs with the surfactant and with a hydrogel containing the cationic surfactant was investigated to assess their potential to prevent the formation of mixed biofilms. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also utilized. <b>Results:</b> Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for resistant <i>C. albicans</i> ranged from 4-5.3 µg/mL, while for <i>E. coli</i>, the MICs varied from 85.3 to 298.7 µg/mL. Fungicidal and bactericidal action patterns were obtained. In mixed biofilm formation in 96-well plates, there was a significant reduction in the colony-forming unit (CFU) count. The impregnation of the CVC with C₉(LA)₂ alone resulted in a biofilm reduction of 62% versus <i>C. albicans</i> and 48.7% against <i>E. coli</i> in terms of CFUs. When the CVC was impregnated with the surfactant hydrogel, the effect was improved with an inhibition of 71.7% for <i>C. albicans</i> and 86.7% for <i>E. coli</i>. The images obtained by SEM corroborated the results. <b>Conclusions:</b> C₉(LA)₂ has potential for use in CVC impregnation to prevent the formation of mixed biofilms of fluconazole-resistant <i>C. albicans</i> and ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}