Antibiotics-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Consortium of <i>Lactobacillus crispatus</i> 2029 and <i>Ligilactobacillus salivarius</i> 7247 Strains Shows In Vitro Bactericidal Effect on <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and, in Combination with Prebiotic, Protects Against Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction.","authors":"Vyacheslav M Abramov, Igor V Kosarev, Andrey V Machulin, Evgenia I Deryusheva, Tatiana V Priputnevich, Alexander N Panin, Irina O Chikileva, Tatiana N Abashina, Ashot M Manoyan, Olga E Ivanova, Tigran T Papazyan, Ilia N Nikonov, Nataliya E Suzina, Vyacheslav G Melnikov, Valentin S Khlebnikov, Vadim K Sakulin, Vladimir A Samoilenko, Alexey B Gordeev, Gennady T Sukhikh, Vladimir N Uversky, Andrey V Karlyshev","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics13121143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13121143","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background/Objectives:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Campylobacter jejuni&lt;/i&gt; (CJ) is the etiological agent of the world's most common intestinal infectious food-borne disease, ranging from mild symptoms to fatal outcomes. The development of innovative synbiotics that inhibit the adhesion and reproduction of multidrug-resistant (MDR) CJ in animals and humans, thereby preserving intestinal homeostasis, is relevant. We have created a synbiotic based on the consortium of &lt;i&gt;Lactobacillus crispatus&lt;/i&gt; 2029 (LC2029), &lt;i&gt;Ligilactobacillus salivarius&lt;/i&gt; 7247 (LS7247), and a mannan-rich prebiotic (Actigen&lt;sup&gt;®&lt;/sup&gt;). The purpose of this work was to study the in vitro anti-adhesive and antagonistic activities of the created synbiotic against MDR CJ strains, along with its role in preventing intestinal barrier dysfunction, which disrupts intestinal homeostasis. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; A complex of microbiological, immunological, and molecular biological methods was used. The ability of the LC2029 and LS7247 consortium to promote intestinal homeostasis in vitro was assessed by the effectiveness of controlling CJ-induced TLR4 activation, secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, development of intestinal barrier dysfunction, and production of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP). &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; All MDR CJ strains showed marked adhesion to human Caco-2, pig IPEC-J2, chicken CPCE, and bovine BPCE enterocytes. For the first time, we found that the prebiotic and cell-free culture supernatant (CFS) from the consortium of LC2029 and LS7247 strains exhibit an additive effect in inhibiting the adhesion of MDR strains of CJ to human and animal enterocytes. CFS from the LC2029 and LS7247 consortium increased the permeability of the outer and inner membranes of CJ cells, which led to extracellular leakage of ATP and provided access to the peptidoglycan of the pathogen for the peptidoglycan-degrading bacteriocins nisin and enterolysin A produced by LS7247. The LC2029 and LS7247 consortium showed a bactericidal effect on CJ strains. Co-cultivation of the consortium with CJ strains resulted in a decrease in the viability of the pathogen by 6 log. CFS from the LC2029 and LS7247 consortium prevented the growth of CJ-induced TLR4 mRNA expression in enterocytes. The LC2029 and LS7247 consortium inhibited a CJ-induced increase in IL-8 and TNF-α production in enterocytes, prevented CJ-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction, maintained the transepithelial electrical resistance of the enterocyte monolayers, and prevented an increase in intestinal paracellular permeability and zonulin secretion. CFS from the consortium stimulated IAP mRNA expression in enterocytes. The LC2029 and LS7247 consortium and the prebiotic Actigen represent a new synergistic synbiotic with anti-CJ properties that prevents intestinal barrier dysfunction and preserves intestinal homeostasis. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These data highlight the potential of using a synergistic synbiotic as a preventive strategy for creating feed addi","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Diagnostic Approaches in Infant Bacterial Meningitis Caused by a Non-K1 <i>Escherichia coli</i>: A Case Report.","authors":"Gianluca Vrenna, Marilena Agosta, Valeria Fox, Martina Rossitto, Venere Cortazzo, Serena Raimondi, Barbara Lucignano, Manuela Onori, Livia Mancinelli, Maria Del Carmen Pereyra Boza, Vanessa Fini, Annarita Granaglia, Laura Lancella, Francesca Ippolita Calo' Carducci, Costanza Tripiciano, Alberto Villani, Paola Bernaschi, Carlo Federico Perno","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics13121144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13121144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infant meningitis, particularly caused by <i>Escherichia coli</i>, remains a life-threatening condition, especially in premature and low-weight infants. Infections of the central nervous system can be fatal, necessitating prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Acute infections caused by various pathogens, including <i>E. coli</i>, often present with similar clinical symptoms. The rapid identification of pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance mechanisms is critical for timely and effective treatment. We report the case of an 8-month-old patient who presented with fever, diarrhea, and convulsive seizures and was subsequently diagnosed with meningitis. Despite initial empirical treatment with ceftriaxone, the patient's condition worsened.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>At Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, molecular diagnostic tools, including the FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis and Blood Culture Identification panels, were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although the Meningitis panel did not detect any pathogens due to the lack of the specific bacterial target, the off-label use of the Blood Culture Identification panel identified a non-K1 <i>Escherichia coli</i> strain carrying the CTX-M resistance gene, an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). Despite the rapid diagnostic approach and adjustment of antibiotic therapy, the patient succumbed to the infection due to the strain's high virulence and multidrug resistance. Whole-genome sequencing further characterized the strain, revealing that it belonged to the ST131 group, a highly resistant and virulent strain associated with sepsis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the importance of integrating advanced molecular diagnostics, such as whole-genome sequencing, with traditional methods to improve pathogen detection, especially in cases of emerging resistant strains that are not covered by standard diagnostic panels. It also emphasizes the need for the continuous adaptation of diagnostic tools to include non-K1 <i>E. coli</i> strains for more comprehensive and timely meningitis diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic and Surgical Treatment of Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis: The Histopathological Evidence.","authors":"Roberto Da Ros, Roberta Assaloni, Andrea Michelli, Barbara Brunato, Cesare Miranda","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics13121142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13121142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Osteomyelitis is one of the most frequent infections of the diabetic foot, accounting for 20-70% of foot infections. The treatment of osteomyelitis continues to be debated, and the possibility of performing conservative surgery associated with targeted antibiotic treatment allows for reductions in the amount of bone removed, the resolution of osteomyelitis, and a reduction in the changes in the biomechanics of the foot. The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of osteomyelitis treatment with a combination of antibiotic and surgical procedures based on a histopathological analysis of the infected bone and margins. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> We analyzed 25 diabetic patients with osteomyelitis. We treated each patient with empiric antibiotic treatment, surgical removal of the infected bone, and targeted antibiotic treatment. During the surgical procedure, we collected infected bone samples and margins for microbiological and histopathological analyses. <b>Results:</b> All the patients had type 2 diabetes, with a mean age of 71 ± 10 years. Antibiotic therapy was administered orally for an average duration of 21 ± 9 days, aimed at improving the microbiological outcome. Histological examinations of the resected infected bone revealed the presence of osteomyelitis in 23 (92%) patients. The healthy margin sample, surgically assessed as non-infected, was confirmed negative in 80% of cases. At a follow-up of 18 ± 7 months, we achieved complete healing in twenty patients (80%), with an average healing time of 70 ± 41 days. No recurrence of osteomyelitis was observed. <b>Conclusions:</b> The data from this study demonstrate that the combination of targeted antibiotic therapy and conservative surgical treatment is effective in resolving osteomyelitis without recurrence with a very long follow-up. Histological analyses allowed us to confirm the actual presence of osteomyelitis and demonstrate that clinical differentiation during surgery is effective in identifying a healthy margin.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Multicenter Study on the Prevalence of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in the Post-COVID-19 Era in Argentina: The RECAPT-AR Study.","authors":"Mariano Echegorry, Paulina Marchetti, Cristian Sanchez, Laura Olivieri, Diego Faccone, Florencia Martino, Tomas Sarkis Badola, Paola Ceriana, Melina Rapoport, Celeste Lucero, Ezequiel Albornoz, Recapt-Ar Group, Alejandra Corso, Fernando Pasteran","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics13121139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13121139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis. Consequently, it is more urgent than ever to prioritize AMR containment and support countries in improving the detection, characterization, and rapid response to emerging AMR threats. We conducted a prospective, multicenter study to assess the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in infectious processes in Argentina during the post-COVID-19 pandemic period and explore therapeutic alternatives for their treatment (RECAPT-AR study).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 182 hospitals participated by submitting Enterobacterales clinical isolates to the National Reference Laboratory (NRL) during the first three weeks of November 2021. Inclusion criteria were defined as an ertapenem MIC ≥ 0.5 mg/L, a zone diameter ≤ 22 mm. Carbapenemase genes and those coding for major extended-spectrum β-lactamases were molecularly characterized using multiplex PCR at the NRL. Antibiotic susceptibility testing followed international standards (CLSI and EUCAST).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NRL analyzed 821 Enterobacterales isolates. Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL, 42.0%) and KPC (39.8%) accounted for 81.8% of carbapenemases, followed by OXA-163 (7.4%), a variant of OXA-48 with additional activity against extended-spectrum cephalosporins, and enzyme combinations (8.3%). These combinations included NDM plus KPC (3.4%), OXA-163 plus KPC (2.4%), and OXA-163 plus NDM (2.1%). <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> was the main species recovered, representing 76% of the isolates. According to the carbapenemase classes or combinations, tigecycline exhibited a susceptibility range of 33-83%, fosfomycin 59-81%, colistin 27-78%, and amikacin 17-81%. Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) and imipenem-relebactam (IMR) showed 92% and 98% susceptibility against serine carbapenemases, respectively. Meanwhile, aztreonam-avibactam (AZA) exhibited 96-98% susceptibility against all carbapenemase classes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A new epidemiological landscape has emerged, characterized by the equivalent circulation of NDM and KPC. <i>K. pneumoniae</i> remains the primary species responsible for their dissemination. The co-production of carbapenemase combinations, particularly KPC plus NDM, was confirmed, mainly in <i>K. pneumoniae</i>. High activity was observed for AZA against MBLs and for CZA and IMR against KPC and OXA-163 carbapenemases.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Knowledge on CRISPR Strategies Against Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria.","authors":"Carlos de la Fuente Tagarro, Diego Martín-González, Andrea De Lucas, Sergio Bordel, Fernando Santos-Beneit","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics13121141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13121141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CRISPR/Cas systems have emerged as valuable tools to approach the problem of antimicrobial resistance by either sensitizing or lysing resistant bacteria or by aiding in antibiotic development, with successful applications across diverse organisms, including bacteria and fungi. CRISPR/Cas systems can target plasmids or the bacterial chromosome of AMR-bacteria, and it is especially necessary to have an efficient entry into the target cells, which can be achieved through nanoparticles or bacteriophages. Regarding antibiotic development and production, though the use of CRISPR/Cas in this field is still modest, there is an untapped reservoir of bacterial and fungal natural products, with over 95% yet to be characterized. In <i>Streptomyces</i>, a key antibiotic-producing bacterial genus, CRISPR/Cas has been successfully used to activate silent biosynthetic gene clusters, leading to the discovery of new antibiotics. CRISPR/Cas is also applicable to non-model bacteria and different species of fungi, making it a versatile tool for natural products discovery. Moreover, CRISPR/Cas-based studies offer insights into metabolic regulation and biosynthetic pathways in both bacteria and fungi, highlighting its utility in understanding genetic regulation and improving industrial strains. In this work, we review ongoing innovations on ways to treat antimicrobial resistances and on antibiotic discovery using CRISPR/Cas platforms, highlighting the role of bacteria and fungi in these processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance in African Great Apes.","authors":"Coch Tanguy Floyde Tanga, Patrice Makouloutou-Nzassi, Pierre Philippe Mbehang Nguema, Ariane Düx, Silas Lendzele Sevidzem, Jacques François Mavoungou, Fabian H Leendertz, Rodrigue Mintsa-Nguema","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics13121140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13121140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Antibiotic-resistant bacteria pose a significant global public health threat that demands serious attention. The proliferation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is primarily attributed to the overuse of antibiotics in humans, livestock, and the agro-industry. However, it is worth noting that antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) can be found in all ecosystems, even in environments where antibiotics have never been utilized. African great apes (AGAs) are our closest living relatives and are known to be susceptible to many of the same pathogens (and other microorganisms) as humans. AGAs could therefore serve as sentinels for human-induced AMR spread into the environment. They can potentially also serve as reservoirs for AMR. AGAs inhabit a range of environments from remote areas with little anthropogenic impact, over habitats that are co-used by AGAs and humans, to captive settings with close human-animal contacts like zoos and sanctuaries. This provides opportunities to study AMR in relation to human interaction. This review examines the literature on AMR in AGAs, identifying knowledge gaps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 16 articles reviewed, 13 focused on wild AGAs in habitats with different degrees of human presence, 2 compared wild and captive apes, and 1 study tested captive apes alone. Ten studies included humans working with or living close to AGA habitats. Despite different methodologies, all studies detected AMR in AGAs. Resistance to beta-lactams was the most common (36%), followed by resistance to aminoglycosides (22%), tetracyclines (15%), fluoroquinolones (10%), sulphonamides (5%), trimethoprim (5%), macrolide (3%), phenicoles (2%) and fosfomycin (1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While several studies suggest a correlation between increased human contact and higher AMR in AGAs, resistance was also found in relatively pristine habitats. While AGAs clearly encounter bacteria resistant to diverse antibiotics, significant gaps remain in understanding the underlying processes. Comparative studies using standardized methods across different sites would enhance our understanding of the origin and distribution of AMR in AGAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ciprofloxacin for the Treatment of Infections Caused by Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria.","authors":"Pablo Rubiñan, Belén Viñado, Nuria Fernández-Hidalgo, Nieves Larrosa, Abiu Sempere, David Campany, Dolors Rodríguez-Pardo, Juan José González-López, Xavier Nuvials, Ester Del Barrio-Tofiño, Laura Escolà-Vergé, Ibai Los-Arcos","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics13121138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13121138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> There is no experience with ciprofloxacin for the treatment of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria (CP-GNB) infections. <b>Methods:</b> This is a retrospective single-centre study where we describe the clinical evolution of all consecutive adult patients who received ciprofloxacin monotherapy for the treatment of CP-GNB infections. Primary outcomes were clinical failure (defined as death, lack of clinical improvement or a switch to another drug) at day 14 and 30-day all-cause mortality. <b>Results:</b> Nineteen patients were included. Fifteen (79%) were men, the median age was 74 years (IQR 66-79) and the median Charlson comorbidity index was five (IQR 3-6.5). The most frequent infections were: nine complicated urinary tract infections, three soft tissue infections and three intra-abdominal infections. Twenty CP-GNBs were isolated (one patient had a coinfection): nine VIM-type-producing <i>Enterobacterales</i>, nine OXA-48-type-producing <i>Enterobacterales</i> and two VIM-type-producing <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. Six (32%) patients had positive blood cultures, and one presented with septic shock. The median duration of ciprofloxacin treatment was 14 days (IQR 10-15). One patient presented with clinical failure at day 14. There was no 30-day mortality. Two patients exhibited microbiological recurrence at day 90. There were no reported adverse effects. <b>Conclusions:</b> Monotherapy with ciprofloxacin may be an alternative treatment for selected, clinically stable patients with ciprofloxacin-susceptible CP-GNB infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid- and Vapor-Phase Antibacterial Activities and Mechanisms of Essential Oils Against Fish Spoilage Bacteria.","authors":"Hsuan-Ju Lin, Pang-Hung Hsu, Tze-Chia Lin, Wen-Jung Lu, Hong-Ting Victor Lin","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics13121137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13121137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Essential oils (EOs), regarded as secondary metabolites from plants, possess effective antibacterial properties. This study investigates the antibacterial efficacy of seven citrus EOs against six spoilage bacteria: <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>, <i>V. harveyi</i>, <i>Photobacterium damselae</i>, <i>Shewanella putrefaciens</i>, <i>Carnobacterium divergens</i>, and <i>Lactobacillus pentosus</i>. The antibacterial activity of these EOs was evaluated using solid- and vapor-phase applications. All tested EOs demonstrated effective antibacterial activity at a concentration of 294 μL/L against Gram-negative bacteria. Notably, lemon and orange EOs exhibited dose-dependent inhibition in both solid- and vapor-phase applications, with minimum effective concentrations ranging from 29.4 to 58.8 μL/L. Following treatment with lemon and orange EOs for 6 h at 1/4 minimum inhibitory concentration, leakage of intracellular DNA and proteins was observed, indicating damage to the cell membrane/wall. Proteomic analysis revealed distinct mechanisms: lemon EO impaired bacterial antioxidant defenses, while orange EO disrupted cell division, leading to reduced bacterial viability. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential of different EO application forms in controlling spoilage bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative Antibiotic Administration Does Not Improve the Outcomes of Operated Diabetic Foot Infections.","authors":"Thaddaeus Muri, Madlaina Schöni, Felix W A Waibel, Dominique Altmann, Christina Sydler, Pascal R Furrer, Francesca Napoli, İlker Uçkay","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics13121136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13121136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many patients with community-acquired diabetic foot infections (DFI) receive systemic (empirical) antibiotic treatments before surgical interventions, often by the general practitioner. Sometimes, hospital clinicians prescribe them before surgery to reduce the infection inoculum and preserve soft tissue for immediate wound closure in case of residual infection after surgery. In contrast, the international guidelines (IWGDF) advocate against presurgical antibiotic use in routine situations without severe progredient soft tissue infections and/or sepsis. We run several retrospective and prospective cohorts of DFI and retrospectively analyze the influence of presurgical antibiotic therapy (as binary (yes/no) or continuous (in days) variables) on failures after a combined surgical and medical treatment. In our large database, the presence, choice, administration routes, or duration of preoperative antibiotic therapy did not improve the postoperative outcomes of operated diabetic foot infections or prevent their failures. In turn, this lack of influence leaves space for enhanced antibiotic stewardship in the management of DFI.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Antimicrobial Stewardship: Developing a Mobile Application for Rational Antibiotic Prescribing to Tackle Misdiagnosis.","authors":"Jelena Roganović, Stefan Djordjević, Milena Barać, Jasna Crnjanski, Ivana Milanović, Jugoslav Ilić","doi":"10.3390/antibiotics13121135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13121135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Inexperienced dentists and dental students are especially prone to misdiagnosis, and this represents a huge problem regarding antimicrobial stewardship. We aimed to develop a mobile app for rational antibiotic prescribing in dentistry based on local-systemic symptoms and patient factors, rather than solely on diagnosis, to tackle misdiagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 64 participants, 50 of which were third-year dental students attending a pharmacology course focusing on antimicrobials, comprising lectures and practical sessions without (noAPP group, n = 22) or with (APP group n = 28) the assistance of a mobile application. The other 14 participants were practicing dentists who decided to register and use the application. All registered users of the application were asked to take a feedback survey, while learning outcomes were evaluated via a pharmacology quiz.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A decision tree was used for application development. In total, 76 impressions were collected on the application. The majority of the impressions were related to odontogenic-endodontic infections. Multiple linear regression analysis did not reveal differences in survey responses between practicing dentists and undergraduate students in the feedback survey responses. There was a significant difference in the mean pharmacology test scores between the noAPP and APP groups (5.50 ± 1.80 vs. 7.21 ± 1.03, <i>p</i> = 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The dentalantibiotic.com application was developed to support rational antibiotic prescribing, in view of tackling misdiagnosis, among inexperienced dentists, as well as to assist in undergraduates' pharmacology learning, and the current study shows its large impact as an educational tool. The majority of participants considered it easy to use, efficient in facilitating the right antibiotic choice, and useful for everyday decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":54246,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}