Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology最新文献_第4页

Significance of Insulation and Heat Pumps in Decarbonising the UK 隔热和热泵在英国脱碳中的意义

Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.21926/jept.2301003

A. Williams, M. Thomson

{"title":"Significance of Insulation and Heat Pumps in Decarbonising the UK","authors":"A. Williams, M. Thomson","doi":"10.21926/jept.2301003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2301003","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the economic case for the UK to proceed urgently with the installation of thermal insulation and heat pumps in most UK buildings, in the context of the legal requirement to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. A recent study by the same authors assumed that such insulation and heat pumps would be in place, and showed how the whole of the UK’s energy demand could be met by low carbon electricity generation and appropriate storage. This paper extends the modelling to consider the risk that insulation is not widely installed, fossil gas boilers are retired (as they must be) but are replaced only by resistive heating, which is the pessimistic but likely outcome in the absence of heat pumps. Unsurprisingly, resistive heating and lack of insulation is shown to consume vastly more electricity: an increase of 608% for space heating and 52% overall. The contribution of this paper is in quantifying the seasonal variations and implications for generation and storage, which make the overall costs increase by an even greater proportion: almost doubling. In particular, peak electricity demand is 130% higher and required peak generation is 140% higher without extra insulation and heat pumps. The paper also illustrates the timely return on capital invested in insulation and heat pumps, primarily because they are cheaper than the additional wind turbines and energy storage required otherwise. The additional costs of failing to insulate and install heat pumps escalate to £63bn per year in levelised energy costs alone, and greatly increase the risk of the UK failing to reach net-zero. The financial break-even point for the costs of retrofitting the entire building stock is shown to be just 15 years from the start of a 28-year retrofitting campaign, with increasing cost savings thereafter. The paper shows that it is both necessary and cost effective to retrofit all buildings with proper insulation and heat pumps.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77791770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Journal of Energy and Power Technology in 2022 感谢《能源与动力技术杂志》2022年审稿人

Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology Pub Date : 2023-01-05 DOI: 10.21926/jept.2301002

Journal Of Fungi Editorial Office

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Rotor Radius Ratio on The Performance of Hybrid Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Savonius-Darrieus NREL S809 转子半径比对Savonius-Darrieus NREL S809混合垂直轴风力机性能的影响

Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.21926/jept.2301001

Elysa Nensy Irawan, Sandro Sitompul, K. Yamashita, G. Fujita

引用次数: 2

Traffic NOx Pollution Prediction and Health Cost Estimation Using Machine Learning: A Case Study of Toronto, Canada 基于机器学习的交通NOx污染预测和健康成本估算:以加拿大多伦多为例

Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.21926/jept.2204043

Hamidreza Shamsi, E. Haghi, Manh‐Kien Tran, S. Walker, K. Raahemifar, Michael Fowler

{"title":"Traffic NOx Pollution Prediction and Health Cost Estimation Using Machine Learning: A Case Study of Toronto, Canada","authors":"Hamidreza Shamsi, E. Haghi, Manh‐Kien Tran, S. Walker, K. Raahemifar, Michael Fowler","doi":"10.21926/jept.2204043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2204043","url":null,"abstract":"Road traffic is a significant source of air pollution that has a harmful impact on human health. To reduce the health and environmental impacts of fossil fuel consumption in the transportation sector, many countries have implemented policies to promote the deployment of electric vehicles (EVs). A vital factor to consider when designing policies to support EV use is the monetized health impacts of fossil fuel consumption. This research aims to investigate the health benefit of replacing internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) with zero-emission vehicles in the city of Toronto, Canada. A long short-term memory (LSTM) model is developed in this work to predict future NOx concentrations considering the effect of the traffic volume, weather, time of day, and historical NOx concentrations. The developed model is then used to predict long-term NOx concentrations and annual average NOx reduction from zero-emission vehicle deployment in four different scenarios in Toronto. Additionally, interpolation methods are used to predict the pollution reduction in all Dissemination Areas (DA) of Toronto, and a health cost assessment is conducted to estimate the health benefit in all the scenarios. The results of the modeling in this work show that the western areas of Toronto experience higher NOx concentration reduction in all scenarios. These reductions are the result of the higher correlation between traffic volume and pollution in those areas. The results also show that with a 10% reduction in ICEV traffic volume, 70 premature deaths can be prevented annually, equivalent to 560 million CAD in health benefits per year.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84127422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Oxidative Stability and Kinetic Parameters of the Cottonseed and Soybean Biodiesels by Rancimat and Differential Scanning Calorimetry Techniques 用差示扫描量热法评价棉籽和大豆生物柴油的氧化稳定性和动力学参数

Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology Pub Date : 2022-12-22 DOI: 10.21926/jept.2204042

Lara T. C. Mota, Igor M. Figueredo, F. M. T. Luna, R. Vieira, C. L. Cavalcante Jr., M. A. de S. Rios

{"title":"Evaluation of Oxidative Stability and Kinetic Parameters of the Cottonseed and Soybean Biodiesels by Rancimat and Differential Scanning Calorimetry Techniques","authors":"Lara T. C. Mota, Igor M. Figueredo, F. M. T. Luna, R. Vieira, C. L. Cavalcante Jr., M. A. de S. Rios","doi":"10.21926/jept.2204042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2204042","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the oxidative stability of the cottonseed oil biodiesel (CB) and soybean oil biodiesel (SB) was investigated by two methodologies, Rancimat and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), using samples fresh and aged (mid-term storage condition (100 days)). The biodiesel samples were synthesized by transesterification and characterized by specific mass, kinematic viscosity, acidity value, ester content, viscosity index, and peroxide value. The activation energy (Ea), Arrhenius pre-exponential factor (Z), reaction order (n), and reaction rate at constant temperature (k(T)) were calculated by Borchardt and Daniels method. The results showed that oxidation affected the physicochemical properties of the biodiesel samples, especially, acidity (mg KOH/g), peroxide value (meq/1000 g), and induction period, with a decrease of around 55% for CB and 29% for SB. For kinetic parameters, the k(T) of both aged samples presented the highest values, with an increase of around 314% for SB. It was also observed that the rate constants increased with decreasing values of the induction period, in agreement with the current literature. According to the evaluation, the Borchardt and Daniels method can be recommended for a quick assessment of the biodiesel oxidation kinetic parameters.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81564006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Net Zero UK – Generation and Energy Storage Requirements for the UK to Become Carbon Neutral 净零英国-英国实现碳中和的发电和储能要求

Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.21926/jept.2204041

A. Williams, M. Thomson

{"title":"Net Zero UK – Generation and Energy Storage Requirements for the UK to Become Carbon Neutral","authors":"A. Williams, M. Thomson","doi":"10.21926/jept.2204041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2204041","url":null,"abstract":"This paper sets out a quantified scenario for the UK to reach net zero carbon emissions. Wind and solar are the main energy sources and their intermittency is accommodated through hydrogen electrolysis, biogas from anaerobic digesters, and their combination into biomethane. Hydrogen and biomethane stocks are tracked. A daily energy balance model is presented, using the most recent recorded weather data-2017 to 2021. Long periods of low wind in 2021 indicated the necessary energy storage capacities, which were adjusted relative to energy generation capacities so as to achieve an economic minimum cost. The projected levelized cost of electricity is £92/MWh (which is well below the current energy wholesale price of £130) though this does assume greatly improved thermal insulation of most UK buildings. A 10% reduction of this cost is shown to be possible through the application of demand side management (retiming of energy consumption) thus illustrating the value of such flexibility. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) applied to power stations running on the biomethane could provide up to 21 Mt of negative emissions to offset other sectors, imports and even remove some of the excess emissions that have already occurred. The work goes beyond previously published scenarios: energy pricing is calculated, demand response measures have been modelled, and embedded carbon in imported goods is considered. The Python model is available, open-source, for inspection and further development.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"217 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79704818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Enhancing the Wettability of Polyetheretherketone (Peek) Membrane with Ozone for Improving Fuel Cell Performance 臭氧增强聚醚酮(Peek)膜的润湿性以提高燃料电池性能

Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.21926/jept.2204040

Hunter Heineman, O. Omar, Benjamin Rippel, Ryan F Keeley, M. Mehan, Surendra K. Gupta, G. Takacs

引用次数: 0

The Design, Development and Assessment of a Novel De-centralised IoT-Based Remote Monitoring of a Small-Scale Anaerobic Digester Network 小型厌氧消化池网络分散式物联网远程监控的设计、开发与评估

Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI: 10.21926/jept.2204039

Tanja Radu, V. Smedley, Dipti Yadav, R. Blanchard, Sheikh Aminur Rahaman, Abdul Salam, C. Visvanathan

{"title":"The Design, Development and Assessment of a Novel De-centralised IoT-Based Remote Monitoring of a Small-Scale Anaerobic Digester Network","authors":"Tanja Radu, V. Smedley, Dipti Yadav, R. Blanchard, Sheikh Aminur Rahaman, Abdul Salam, C. Visvanathan","doi":"10.21926/jept.2204039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2204039","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of community-level de-centralised anaerobic digestion (AD) systems offers a sustainable solution for organic waste management and energy provision, but there is currently a need for low-cost methods of system control and management at this scale. The problem becomes accentuated with increasing deployment, as greater complexities are created by the need to both monitor and control a wider network of smaller, community-scale plants. This paper describes research to design, deploy and test such a system by creating a network of two independent biogas generation AD reactor sites situated in the United Kingdom and Thailand. Internet of things (IoT) aspects such as inexpensive and widely available open-source control electronics was used in combination with small commercial gas analysers to log, transfer and share data with a central station, achieving real-time monitoring of performance for both networked digesters. The design proved beneficial for collaboration and knowledge exchange purposes along with providing off-site observations on reactor status. This information was used for early intervention to maintain biogas yields and enable the dynamic assessment of process economics. The concept showed potential for upscaling to larger multi-site networks of AD reactors that could maintain process optimisation without the need for skilled staff on site.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89959588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells by the Smart Stacking Process 智能堆积法制备钙钛矿太阳能电池

Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.21926/jept.2204038

M. Pylnev, Hussain Al-Alawadhi, N. Tabet

引用次数: 0

The Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) on Local Tourism and Recreation -- Evolving Lessons from Practice 海上风电场(owf)对当地旅游和娱乐的影响——从实践中不断发展的经验教训

Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology Pub Date : 2022-11-16 DOI: 10.21926/jept.2204037

J. Glasson, B. Durning, Kellie Welch

引用次数: 1