Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology最新文献

{"title":"A Data-Based Reliability Analysis of ESP Failures in Oil Production Wells","authors":"H. Karami, D. Devegowda, Shaikha AlBallam","doi":"10.21926/jept.2204036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2204036","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESPs) are one of the most widely used artificial lift methods in the petroleum industry. However, ESP failures are unanticipated and common occurrences with significant financial impacts for the operators. Analysis of the ESP performance and failures are essential in its design and optimization. This paper presents a statistical approach for diagnosing and evaluating the root causes of ESP failures. The analysis is based on the field data gathered from the surface and downhole ESP monitoring equipment over five years of production of 10 wells. Electrical failures are the most common general cause of ESP failures, accounting for 61% of all failures, followed by motor failure and gas locking. Specifically, power failure, under-voltage, voltage unbalance, and motor underload are the most common occurrences. The data trends are analyzed for the two weeks before each specific failure, and conclusions are made on the warning signs to predict failures. In addition, a Weibull statistical analysis model is constructed to evaluate the reliability features and estimate the ESP failure probability, allowing operators to perform preventive maintenance. The results provide guidelines for ESP operations and contribute to reducing or preventing ESP downtimes and operating costs.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78392508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Dual-PRF Scan Mode and Adaptive Doppler-Velocity Dealiasing to Increase Radar Clear-Air Velocity Data Coverage and Usability","authors":"Qin Xu, Valery melnikov@noaa.gov, K. Nai","doi":"10.21926/jept.2204034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2204034","url":null,"abstract":"By using long pulses with extended dwelling time, lowered pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and reduced Nyquist velocity, the radar measurement capability can be enhanced to increase clear-air Doppler velocity data coverage (which is beneficial for radar wind analysis and data assimilation and motivated our previous study). This potential capability is further explored (beyond our previous study) by not only modifying the existing operational clear-air scan mode with a lowered PRF and reduced the Nyquist velocity (to nearly 12 m/s) but also coupling this low-PRF scan with a high-PRF scan into a new dual-PRF scan mode. With this dual-PRF scan mode, the velocities from the high-PRF scan can be used to dealias the raw velocities from the low-PRF scan. Doppler velocities collected by using the low-PRF scan in this dual-PRF scan mode exhibit enhanced clear-air data coverage but encounter increased difficulties in dealiasing beyond the radial range covered by the high-PRF scan. To overcome the encountered difficulties, the previously developed alias-robust variational method for analyzing severely aliased radar velocity observations with small Nyquist velocities is further improved adaptively, so reliable reference radial velocities can be obtained and used to dealias the low-PRF scanned raw velocities on range circles beyond those covered by the high-PRF scan.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85810574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TEA of a Unique Two-Pathways Process for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture","authors":"B. Morsi, Bingyun Li, Husain E. Ashkanani, Rui Wang","doi":"10.21926/jept.2204033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2204033","url":null,"abstract":"A unique two-Pathways process using aqueous sodium glycinate for CO2 capture from a split flue gas stream emitted from 600 MWe post-combustion coal power plant was developed in Aspen Plus v.10. The split gas flow rate used was 44.75 ton/h and contained 0.0023 mol% SO2 and 13.33 mol% CO2. The process includes a washing unit, a CO2 absorption unit, a reverse osmosis unit, and a solvent regeneration unit or an ultrafiltration unit. The washing unit uses deionized water to completely remove SO2 and the CO2 absorption unit uses SGS to capture at least 90 mol% of the CO2 in the split flue gas stream. Upon CO2 and SGS reactions, the resulting liquid products exhibit phase-separation into CO2-lean phase and CO2-rich phase, allow two distinct pathways. Pathway (i) is to regenerate mostly the CO2-rich phase, collect the released CO2, and compress it for sequestration purposes. Pathway (ii) is to send the liquid stream from the CO2 absorption unit to the ultrafiltration unit to separate the solid nanomaterials. The hydraulics and mass transfer characteristics in the washing and CO2 absorption units were obtained; and techno-economic analysis (TEA) for Pathways (i) and (ii), including Capital Expenditure (CAPEX), Operating Expenditure (OPEX), and Levelized Cost of CO2 Captured (LCOC), were calculated and compared. The simulation results revealed that the CAPEX, OPEX, and LCOC for Pathway (i) were ($12,039,251), (261 $/h), and (54.01 $/ton-CO2 captured), respectively, and those for Pathway (ii) were ($5,908,000), (237.2 $/h), and (39.90 $/ton-CO2 captured), respectively. Moreover, in Pathway (ii), 8.19 ton/h of CO2 were captured to produce 15.62 ton/h NaHCO3 nanomaterials, which were sold to offset the overall process cost. The LCOC values indicate that Pathway (ii) is more cost-effective than Pathway (i) because LCOC values for Pathway (ii) are much lower than those for Pathway (i).","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81928183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Robust Second-Order Conic Programming Model with Effective Budget of Uncertainty in the Optimal Power Flow Problem","authors":"H. Salama, Maryam Khoshkhoo, Reza Fakhrabadi, Lie Zhang","doi":"10.21926/jept.2204031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2204031","url":null,"abstract":"Integrating large-scale wind energy in modern power systems necessitates high-efficiency mathematical models to address classical assumptions in power systems. In particular, two main assumptions for wind energy integration in power systems have not been adequately studied. First, nonlinear AC power flow equations have been linearized in most of the literature. Such simplifications can lead to inaccurate power flow calculations and result in technical issues. Second, wind power uncertainties are inevitable and have been mostly modeled using traditional uncertainty modeling techniques, which may not be suitable for large-scale wind power integration. In this study, we addressed both challenges: we developed a tight second-order conic relaxation model for the optimal power flow problem and implemented the novel effective budget of uncertainty approach for uncertainty modeling to determine the maximum wind power admissibility and address the uncertainty in the model. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that proposes an effective, robust second-order conic programming model that simultaneously addresses the issues of power flow linearization and wind power uncertainty with the new paradigm on the budget of uncertainty approach. The numerical results revealed the advantages of the proposed model over traditional linearized power flow equations and traditional uncertainty modeling techniques.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86360280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical Evolution and Scenarios Up to 2050 of Heating Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions of Residential Buildings in Vienna","authors":"R. Haas, A. Ajanovic, J. Lederer, Marina Siebenhofer","doi":"10.21926/jept.2203030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2203030","url":null,"abstract":"Today, the building sector poses a major problem concerning fossil fuel energy consumption and the corresponding emissions of local pollutants and global greenhouse gases (GHG). In addition, an increasing number of people are living in urban areas, and it is becoming challenging to provide the necessary living space and energy for heating in fast-growing cities. Currently, urban areas host approximately 50 % of the global population and generate 70 % of GHG. The core objective of this study is to analyze the historical development and to derive scenarios for the possible future development of the overall CO2 emissions in residential buildings in Vienna up to the year 2050, considering all relevant emissions from final energy, as well as the embedded emissions from the construction of new buildings, retrofitting, and rooftop apartment extensions. This study indicates the following key points: (i) The renovation of buildings by improving the thermal quality is the most favorable scenario strategy and produces the least CO2 emissions. (ii) The transition to the sustainable heating of buildings requires at least a temporary \"investment\" in embedded CO2 emission, e.g., in retrofitting and insulation of buildings to harvest reductions in CO2 emissions in the long run, from a smaller amount of energy used for heating. The major conclusions of this study are as follows: (i) To implement the most favorable renovation scenario, strong policy measures are required, such as standards for new buildings and for building retrofitting, as well as subsidies to ensure an accelerated refurbishment rate of the old low thermal building stock. (ii) It is important to reduce the CO2 emission of the final energy carriers, especially of district heating, by increasing the usage of renewable energy carriers such as biomass, solar, and geothermal.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84200461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the Engine Efficiency Using a New Combined Refrigeration Cycle for Low-Temperature Heat Source (Waste Heat Recovery)","authors":"K. Goudarzi, M. Zare","doi":"10.21926/jept.2202020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2202020","url":null,"abstract":"Passenger and commercial internal combustion engines have relatively large dissipated thermal energy sources that can be used for initiating thermodynamic refrigeration cycles at low temperatures while improving engine efficiency. Researchers have focused on combined power-refrigeration cycles in past studies. This paper presents the operation and performance of a new combined refrigeration system driven by waste heat recovery within the internal combustion engines. For this purpose, the effects of several parameters on the performance of the cycle are examined. Results show that an increase in the engine water temperature, exhaust gas temperature, part-load ratio (PLR), generator temperature, as well as adsorption evaporator temperature had a positive effect on the performance of the cycle. However, the rise in condenser temperature of the adsorption cooling system leads to bad performance. Also, the results indicate that the application of the adsorption refrigeration cycle in the combined cooling cycle, along with the increase in the refrigeration cycle performance by up to 65%, also improves the efficiency of the internal combustion engine.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"198 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80034044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of LoRa Transmission Delay on Dynamic Performance of Standalone DC Microgrids","authors":"Cherechi Ndukwe, M. Iqbal, Jahangir Khan, M. Jamil","doi":"10.21926/jept.2202022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2202022","url":null,"abstract":"One important aspect toward proper and stable functioning of a communication-based controlled microgrid is data transmission. Consequently, an analysis of the effect of data transmission delay is of significance for any chosen communication protocol. This paper focuses on the effect of employing LoRa for data transfer at the secondary control level of a standalone DC microgrid. It analyses the effect of LoRa transmission delay on the dynamic performance of DC microgrids. This paper simulates a community DC microgrid that operates in three modes: PV mode, battery mode and generator mode. This microgrid operates as a centralized communication-based controlled microgrid, with the secondary control level operating as an event-driven level. The system incorporates a hierarchical system where data is transferred between the various distributed energy resources (DERs) local controllers and the microgrid central controller (MGCC). Simulations for three scenarios are presented. In the first scenario, the microgrid is designed and simulated without a communication delay to observe the system behavior. Then LoRa transmission delay is calculated for the various signals transferred between the MGCC and the local controllers. This delay is introduced into the simulation as transport delays and the system exhibits a level of stability degradation. Subsequently, a time delay compensation system is incorporated into the system for more robust operation. The delay compensation is applied in two simulation scenarios. In the first scenario, the system inductor (L) and capacitor (C) components are re-calculated, and the system is re-simulated to get a stable system even with the applied communication delay. In the second scenario, the proportional integrator (PI) controller in the microgrid central controller is re-designed to a more robust form to compensate for the delay caused by the LoRa transmission. The results obtained from the two modified simulations realize a stable DC microgrid. This system modification allows for system stability again, similar to the simulation when the microgrid operated without any communication delay. This, therefore, demonstrates that with proper system design and implementation, low bandwidth communication systems such as LoRa can be effectively employed for data transfer in event-driven communication-based controlled DC microgrids.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90908978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Hydrogen Embrittlement in Pipelines and Nuclear Power Plants: Estimates for Durability","authors":"A. Balueva, I. Dashevskiy, Christian Sims","doi":"10.21926/jept.2203028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2203028","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the increasing need to further develop the world gas and oil industry and the increased public attention to clean energy sources, studying and preventing Hydrogen Induced Cracking is one of the main safety concerns in nuclear power plants, oil pipelines and platforms. In this article, the growth and incubation times for internal Hydrogen Induced Cracks (HIC) are examined. Specifically, these times are modeled in two separate phases - the first phase (I) is a long time approximation, when the crack growth is believed to be slow such that the equilibrium state for gas concentration establishes instantaneously, and the stationary diffusion problem can be solved for each moment of time. The second phase (II) is a short time approximation, when the crack growth is rapid and the concentration of atomic hydrogen is dependent on time. Closed-form solutions are obtained in both cases and are then coupled using a Padé approximation.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77977111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controller Evaluation for Solar-Latent Thermal Energy Applications","authors":"J. Konstantaras, C. Pagkalos, M. Koukou, K. Lymperis, Y. Caouris, M. Vrachopoulos","doi":"10.21926/jept.2202021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2202021","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the performance of a self-sufficient controller used for a solar-latent heat domestic hot water (DHW) production unit under real-world operating conditions was analyzed. The unit consists of a flat-plate solar collector and a latent heat storage tank. The controller is powered by a small solar panel and governs the charging and discharging of the system, ensuring maximum solar energy absorption, desired hot water temperature, and constant monitoring of the heat-storage tank’s capacity. The system is compact and can be installed on flat and curved roofs as a direct replacement of conventional solar collectors with heat-energy storage tanks. During testing, all internal and external parameters were monitored using a monitoring system that was also used for emulating user profiles. The controller uses self-learning techniques to adjust its parameters and improves its performance by fine-tuning the control equations to the peculiarities of the specific system and installation location. The system was installed and operated for an extended period to allow for the learning equations to train the system. The results for the first, fifth, and twentieth days of operation are presented in this paper. On the 20th operating day, the controller effectively regulated the heat transfer fluid temperature difference in the charging circuit within the efficient band of 2°C–5°C following the irradiance conditions at the testing area. During discharge, the DHW temperature was regulated between 37°C–40°C, with the user’s set temperature as 38°C. The regulation hysteresis time for the DHW temperature regulation was approximately 5 min. The tests were conducted under real-world operating conditions for the charging of the system, while for the discharging, the user profile was emulated using a test rig.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79016232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Study to Understand the Conservation of Hydrogen Through a Dynamic Fuel Supply System in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs)","authors":"Jeggathishwaran Panisilvam, Peng Wang, H. An","doi":"10.21926/jept.2203024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2203024","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing and conserving fuel usage is pivotal for any engineering system for the development of a sustainable energy solution. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are one of the promising renewable energy systems that consume hydrogen as their source of fuel to generate electricity. This paper investigate the necessity of the constant supply of fuel (hydrogen) in the PEMFC system to ensure stable operation. We propose that a dynamic supply of fuel could help achieve similar performance and reduce the amount of fuel used. The effect of the multiple dynamic fuel inlet rates (0.3 m/s, 0.2 m/s, and 0.1 m/s) was studied numerically using a validated CFD PEMFC model. A transient inlet condition was introduced to replicate the pulsating effect. It was observed that up to 66% of fuel could be conserved (compared to the constant fuel supply condition) while maintaining the stable performance of the PEMFC under conditions of a dynamic fuel profile. A drop of approximately 29% in PEMFC performance was observed under conditions of a low dynamic fuel profile. The results reveal that the concept of dynamic fuel supply can be exploited to sustain the performance of PEMFC and realize a threshold value of performance under conditions of reduced fuel input.","PeriodicalId":53427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Power Generation Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74250247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}