Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria最新文献

{"title":"Relaciones Fisiopatológicas Entre el Déficit Cognitivo en el Trastorno Afectivo Bipolar y el Síndrome Metabólico","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objectives</h3><div>Bipolar disorder (BD) has been related to various cognitive dysfunctions as well as to a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), which seems to influence the cognitive performance of patients with BD. Therefore, different hypotheses have been generated to try to explain the pathophysiological relationship between cognitive deficit in BD and MS. The objective was to review the current literature regarding the possible pathophysiological explanation of the relationship between BD and MS and its effect on cognitive performance of patients with BD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A bibliographic search was carried out using MEDLINE, ClinicalKey, EMBASE, Literatura Latino-Americana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud [Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences] (LILACS), APA PsycNet, Scopus and Scielo databases, and the Pan-American Medical Electronic Library; using the following search terms: “bipolar disorder”[MeSH Terms] OR “bipolar disorder”[All Fields] OR “mood disorders”[All Fields] AND “cognitive deficit”[MeSH Terms] OR “cognitive deficit”[All Fields] OR “cognitive dysfunction”[All Fields] OR “cognitive impairment”[All Fields] OR “cognitive decline”[All Fields] AND “metabolic syndrome” [MeSH Terms] OR “metabolic abnormalities”[All Fields] OR “metabolic effects”[All Fields] OR “obesity” [All Fields] OR “abdominal obesity” [All Fields] OR “overweight” [All Fields] OR “diabetes” [All Fields] OR “hypertension” [All Fields] AND “antipsychotics” [MeSH Terms] OR “antipsychotics”[All Fields] AND “antidepressants” [MeSH Terms] OR “antidepressants”[All Fields] AND “mood stabilizers” [MeSH Terms] OR “mood stabilizers”[All Fields]. Filters: Free full text, Full text, from 2001-2022. A total of 80 articles in Spanish and English, of any type of design, were selected. Selection and reading were carried out by all the authors.</div></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions</h3><div>The various pathophysiological hypotheses proposed, inflammatory, endocrine, drug, environmental and social, suggest that a series of changes at the macro and microcellular level are correlated in patients with BD and MS with a negative effect on cognition of patients both globally and in specific domains, mainly executive function, memory, attention, and perceptual motor skills. Research processes should be continued to explore the various hypotheses that support the relationship between BD, MS and cognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 376-384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48636485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El Cuidado de Pacientes con Síntomas Psiquiátricos en Unidades de Hospitalización General: un Estudio Fenomenológico","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The objective of this study was to explore the approach to patients with psychiatric symptoms by nursing professionals in general hospitalisation units in the city of Medellín, Colombia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A qualitative study with the method of interpretive phenomenology. 11 nursing professionals from general hospitalisation units in the city of Medellín, Colombia participated. The information analysis was processed according to the Phenomenological Interpretive Analysis method and with the support of the NVIVO Plus 12 software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The nurses’ experience is described through three themes: representations of the patient with psychiatric symptoms, the patient as aggressive, violent and unpredictable; feeling fearful while providing care, caring for others in the midst of prevention, fear and stress, and being in a chaotic situation, a circumstance that gets out of control and alters the dynamics of the hospitalisation unit.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Caring for patients with psychiatric symptoms is stressful, especially when nursing professionals perceive a lack of support from other colleagues and from the hospital administration. The above favours the development of alterations in the professional's physical and mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 318-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45871806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Factors Influencing Depressive Mood: A Focus on Medical Students in Targeted Employment","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To study depression and its influencing factors in medical students with directed employment in medical schools.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, 586 students enrolled in Wenzhou Medical University were studied, and the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ-9) was used to distinguish depressed mood from depressive symptoms and to establish a multivariate logistic regression model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Up to 60.9% of the survey respondents experienced depressive mood within two weeks, and 21.6% experienced mild or higher depressive symptoms. The majority of the students showed only depressive mood (64.5%), and depressive symptoms accounted for a small percentage (35.5%). The detection rate of depressive mood within 2 weeks was higher in female students (70.4%) than in male students. Medical specialty, whether or not students were directed medical students, whether or not students performed directed employment, being an only child, monthly living expenses, financial status, health status, personality, and self-perceived academic stress were significant factors (<em>P</em>&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05) associated with depressed mood among university students. In this study, non-medical students were more likely to experience depression (<em>P</em>&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001). Depression was higher among non-directed medical students (<em>P</em>&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001). Among medical students with directed employment, those with non-compliance intention had a greater risk of depression (<em>P</em>&lt;<!--> <!-->0.01). Medical students with depressed mood tended to self-regulate (82.1%) and had a less significant tendency to choose medication (25.3%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>With a high detection rate of depressive mood and symptoms and most students presenting only with depressive mood, early detection and interventions for depressive mood are essential to prevent deterioration of the target students’ condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 253-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46901332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salud psicosocial de la población de gais, bisexuales y otros hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) en Colombia","authors":"Jair Eduardo Restrepo Pineda","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Psychosocial health is fundamental to the well-being of the human being. In the case of the gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM) population, it is affected by discrimination, homophobia, marginalisation and social exclusion.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A quantitative investigation was designed, which used a virtual survey. Kruskal Wallis tests were performed for the difference in medians between the internalised Index of Homphobia (IH) and various variables; this same test was used for the comorbidity between anxiety and depression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A sample of 8,208 individuals was obtained, with ages between 18 and 75 years. Between the IH indices and the educational level variable, statistically significant differences are observed in the medians of the different categories. On the other hand, 8.0% of the population presents with moderate levels of comorbidity between anxiety and depression and 4.0%, a severe level.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>IH decreases as the subjects prepare academically, while the severity of anxiety and depression is greater in those who report complicated affective relationships. People with a diagnosis of HIV present with a greater severity of depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>IH, depression, and anxiety are linked to intersectional discrimination, leading to greater individual and social vulnerability for people who are gay, people who are bisexual, and other men who have sex with men that directly affects their psychosocial health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 262-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés en Estudiantes Universitarios Antes y Durante Los Primeros Tres Meses de Cuarentena por COVID-19","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Different psychological symptoms of distress as well as drinking motives have been associated with alcohol use in college students. The COVID-19 lockdown [aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio (ASPO)] reduced movement to a minimum, impacting college students’ mental health and generating changes in several behaviours, including alcohol use.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To examine the association between symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress, drinking motives and alcohol use in two groups of Argentinian college students, before and during the first three months of lockdown. In addition, it was examined whether drinking motives mediate the relationship between psychological distress and alcohol use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two samples of college students, one before the lockdown (n=125; mean age, 23.87 ± 3.27 years; 73.6% women) and another during the lockdown (n=174; 24.32 ± 3.64 years; 78.2% women) completed an online survey.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Alcohol use, as well as social and enhancement motives, decreased in college students during lockdown. The associations between psychological distress and drinking motives with alcohol use were more consistent in the group during lockdown compared with the group after lockdown. At a multivariate level, coping motives explained an increased frequency of alcohol consumption in college students during lockdown.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>It is necessary to pay special attention to the mental health of college students who have experienced changes in their routines as a result of the restrictions implemented during the pandemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 284-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78293441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Cognitive Performance in Bipolar Disorder Type I Patients and Their Unaffected Offspring","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients with bipolar disorder<span> type I (BP-I) often present with impairments in cognitive function. Offspring unaffected by the disorder can also present with cognitive dysfunction. The objective of this study was to compare the cognitive function of BP-I patients, their unaffected offspring (UO) and healthy control subjects (HC).</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><span>Verbal memory, working memory index, processing speed, attention, verbal and phonological fluency and executive function were evaluated through the application of a neuropsychological battery to three groups made up of BP-I patients that attended the Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Clinic of Clínica San Juan de Dios de Manizales [San Juan de Dios de Manizales Clinic] (n</span> <!-->=<!--> <!-->30), UO (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->32) and control group (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->31). The UO group and the control group were matched by gender, age and level of education.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Major differences between the three groups were found in the measures of cognitive functions (except in semantic fluency). The HC group showed better cognitive performance in all the functions. Post-hoc analysis showed similar results in the cognitive performance between BP-I and UO except in verbal learning and executive function tasks where the results were better in UO. A better performance in the control group was found, compared to the UO group, in executive function, attention, working memory, and semantic fluency and phonological areas.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results indicate that the offspring of patients with BP-I present with cognitive impairments<span> without suffering from the disorder. This suggests that cognitive dysfunction presents without diagnosis and supports the hypothesis that it can correspond to a BP-I endophenotype.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 271-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42352945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisión Sistemática del Tratamiento del Trastorno Bipolar con Características Mixtas","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The mixed states of bipolar disorder (BD) are typified as a subtype of mania or depression. Mixed episodes respond worse to monotherapy treatment, imply a higher risk of relapse, a chronicity of 15% at five years and an associated suicide risk similar to that of patients with depression.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate and compare the different therapeutic strategies for BD with mixed characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic bibliographic review was carried out. Those studies carried out in patients with bipolar disorder with mixed characteristics and who were receiving treatment were selected.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The initial search showed a total of 228 articles, of which 28 met the inclusion criteria. We included 19 randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing an antipsychotic with placebo.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>According to the data evaluated, antipsychotics —especially second-generation ones— represent a first-line tool for the treatment of manic symptoms with mixed characteristics. ECT should be considered as a secondary intervention strategy in the case of acute mania when an adequate response has not been obtained after the administration of first-line drugs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The review found that the therapeutic recommendations for bipolar disorder with mixed characteristics are limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 364-375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46839085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La fenomenología en la psiquiatría contemporánea","authors":"Hernando Santamaría-García","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Page 218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explorando los factores de riesgo de la depresión: un análisis de red","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Depression is a frequent psychological problem in the general population. There are no single conclusive causes for its development; on the contrary, it arises from the interaction of other emotional disorders. Determining risk factors is a primary objective to identify vulnerable individuals and optimize prevention.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze risk factors of the depression through network analysis in Peruvian adults from the general population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. A total of 567 Peruvian adults who answered several instruments assessing depressive symptoms, insomnia, suicidal ideation and anxiety participated. An undirected network model with all psychological variables and a predictive path diagram was estimated to identify risk factors for depression. Measures of centrality, precision and stability were also analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The network structure showed that depression, insomnia, suicidal ideation, and anxiety were mutually associated. In terms of expected influence and predictability, depression obtained the highest value, followed by anxiety. In the prediction plot, all psychological variables were directly connected with depression, with anxiety having the highest connection. The tests of accuracy and stability (CS<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.75), were robust.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results of the study suggest that problems with insomnia, suicidal ideation, and anxiety, are considerable risk factors for depression. Identifying and intervening early on those risk factors in adults in the general population could help to prevent the development of depressive symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 347-354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48768951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El cuidado obstétrico y neonatal crítico en tiempo de pandemia, desde la perspectiva de psiquiatría y psicología de enlace. Reporte de Caso","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This case presents from the perspective of psychiatry and liaison psychology, the clinical problems and the emotional and psychological needs faced by a pregnant woman with COVID infection.</div></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><div>Thirty-six-year-old woman with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia which requires ventilatory support, ECMO, emergent cesarean section for her 29-week-gestation daughter, and a complex rehabilitation process in intensive care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The management of severe disease due to SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy requires interdisciplinary management that includes the active participation of liaison psychology and psychiatry to respond appropriately to the complex emotional and psychosocial demands that they have the mother–daughter dyad and the family, seeking the best biopsychosocial outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 396-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43922200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}