{"title":"Cone Vertex Algebras, Mock Theta Functions, and Umbral Moonshine Modules","authors":"Miranda C. N. Cheng, Gabriele Sgroi","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05376-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05376-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We describe a family of indefinite theta functions of signature (1, 1) that can be expressed in terms of trace functions of vertex algebras built from cones in lattices. The family of indefinite theta functions considered has interesting connections with mock theta functions and Appell–Lerch sums. We use these relations to write the McKay–Thompson series of umbral moonshine at lambency <span>(ell =8,12,16)</span> in terms of trace functions of vertex algebras modules, and thereby provide the modules for these instances of umbral moonshine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12316780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alternating Snake Modules and a Determinantal Formula","authors":"Matheus Brito, Vyjayanthi Chari","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05407-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05407-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We introduce a family of modules for the quantum affine algebra which include as very special cases both the snake modules and modules arising from a monoidal categorification of cluster algebras. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for these modules to be prime and prove a unique factorization result. We also give an explicit formula expressing the module as an alternating sum of Weyl modules. Finally, we give an application of our results to a classical question in the category <span>(mathcal O(mathfrak {gl}_r))</span>. Specifically we apply our results to show that there are a large family of non-regular, non-dominant weights <span>(mu )</span> for which the non-zero Kazhdan–Lusztig coefficients <span>(c_{mu , nu })</span> are <span>(pm 1)</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Existence of Strong Solutions for a Perfect Elastic Beam Interacting with Navier–Stokes Equations","authors":"Sebastian Schwarzacher, Pei Su","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05386-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05386-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A perfectly elastic beam is situated on top of a two dimensional fluid canister. The beam is deforming in accordance to an interaction with a Navier–Stokes fluid. Hence a hyperbolic equation is coupled to the Navier–Stokes equation. The coupling is partially of geometric nature, as the geometry of the fluid domain is changing in accordance to the motion of the beam. Here the existence of a unique strong solution for large initial data and all times up to geometric degeneracy is shown. For that an a-priori estimate on the time-derivative of the coupled solution is introduced. For the Navier–Stokes part it is a critical estimate in the spirit of Ladyzhenskaya applied directly to the in-time differentiated system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00220-025-05386-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inmaculada Baldomá, Marcel Guardia, Dmitry E. Pelinovsky
{"title":"On a Countable Sequence of Homoclinic Orbits Arising Near a Saddle–Center Point","authors":"Inmaculada Baldomá, Marcel Guardia, Dmitry E. Pelinovsky","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05381-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05381-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exponential small splitting of separatrices in the singular perturbation theory leads generally to nonvanishing oscillations near a saddle–center point and to nonexistence of a true homoclinic orbit. It was conjectured long ago that the oscillations may vanish at a countable set of small parameter values if there exist a quadruplet of singularities in the complex analytic extension of the limiting homoclinic orbit. The present paper gives a rigorous proof of this conjecture for a particular fourth-order equation relevant to the traveling wave reduction of the modified Korteweg–de Vries equation with the fifth-order dispersion term.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12316829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exact Schwinger Functions for a Class of Bounded Interactions in (dge 2)","authors":"Wojciech Dybalski","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05391-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05391-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider a scalar Euclidean QFT with interaction given by a bounded, measurable function <span>(V)</span> such that <span>(V^{pm }:=lim _{wrightarrow pm infty }V(w))</span> exist. We find a field renormalization such that all the <i>n</i>-point connected Schwinger functions for <span>(nne 2)</span> exist non-perturbatively in the UV limit. They coincide with the tree-level one-particle irreducible Schwinger functions of the <span>(textrm{erf}(phi /sqrt{2}))</span> interaction with a coupling constant <span>(frac{1}{2} (V^+ - V^-))</span>. By a slight modification of our construction we can change this coupling constant to <span>(frac{1}{2} (V_+ - V_-))</span>, where <span>(V_{pm }:= lim _{wrightarrow 0^{pm }} V(w))</span>. Thereby, non-Gaussianity of these latter theories is governed by a discontinuity of <span>(V)</span> at zero. The open problem of controlling also the two-point function of these QFTs is discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00220-025-05391-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Many-Body Fu–Kane–Mele Index","authors":"Sven Bachmann, Alex Bols, Mahsa Rahnama","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05390-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05390-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We define a <span>({mathbb Z}_2)</span>-valued index for stably short-range entangled states of two-dimensional fermionic lattice systems with charge conservation and time reversal symmetry. The index takes its non-trivial value precisely if the ‘fluxon’, the state obtained by inserting a <span>(pi )</span>-flux through the system, transforms under time reversal as part of a Kramers pair. This index extends the Fu–Kane–Mele index of free fermionic topological insulators to interacting systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Asymptotic Expansion of the Eigenvalues of a Bathtub Potential with Quadratic Ends","authors":"Yuzhou Joey Zou","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05394-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05394-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider the eigenvalues of a one-dimensional semiclassical Schrödinger operator, where the potential consists of two quadratic ends (that is, looks like a harmonic oscillator at each infinite end), possibly with a flat region in the middle. Such a potential notably has a discontinuity in the second derivative. We derive an asymptotic expansion, valid either in the high energy regime or the semiclassical regime, with a leading order term given by the Bohr–Sommerfeld quantization condition, and an asymptotic expansion consisting of negative powers of the leading order term, with coefficients that are oscillatory in the leading order term. We apply this expansion to study the results of the Gutzwiller trace formula and the heat kernel asymptotic for this class of potentials, giving an idea into what results to expect for such trace formulas for non-smooth potentials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00220-025-05394-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Existence of Analytic Non-convex V-States","authors":"Gerard Castro-López, Javier Gómez-Serrano","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05382-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05382-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>V-states are uniformly rotating vortex patches of the incompressible 2D Euler equation and the only known explicit examples are circles and ellipses. In this paper, we prove the existence of non-convex V-states with analytic boundary which are far from the known examples. To prove it, we use a combination of analysis of the linearized operator at an approximate solution and computer-assisted proof techniques.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Davide Gaiotto, Justin Hilburn, Jaime Redondo-Yuste, Ben Webster, Zheng Zhou
{"title":"Twisted Traces on Abelian Quantum Higgs and Coulomb Branches","authors":"Davide Gaiotto, Justin Hilburn, Jaime Redondo-Yuste, Ben Webster, Zheng Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05379-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05379-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study twisted traces on the quantum Higgs branches <span>(A_{operatorname {Higgs}})</span> of <span>(3d, mathcal {N}=4)</span> gauge theories, that is, the quantum Hamiltonian reductions of Weyl algebras. In theories which are good or ugly, we define a twisted trace that arises naturally from the correlation functions of the gauge theory. We show that this trace induces an inner product and a short star product on <span>(A_{operatorname {Higgs}})</span>. We analyze this trace in the case of an abelian gauge group and show that it has a natural expansion in terms of the twisted traces of Verma modules, confirming a conjecture of the first author and Okazaki. This expansion has a natural interpretation in terms of 3-d mirror symmetry, and we predict that it can be interpreted as an Atiyah-Bott fixed-point formula under the quantum Hikita isomorphism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Baran Bayraktaroglu, Konstantin Izyurov, Tuomas Virtanen, Christian Webb
{"title":"Bosonization of Primary Fields for the Critical Ising Model on Multiply Connected Planar Domains","authors":"Baran Bayraktaroglu, Konstantin Izyurov, Tuomas Virtanen, Christian Webb","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05392-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05392-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We prove bosonization identities for the scaling limits of the critical Ising correlations in finitely-connected planar domains, expressing those in terms of correlations of the compactified Gaussian free field. This, in particular, yields explicit expressions for the Ising correlations in terms of domain’s period matrix, Green’s function, harmonic measures of boundary components and arcs, or alternatively, Abelian differentials on the Schottky double. Our proof is based on a limiting version of a classical identity due to D. Hejhal and J. Fay relating Szegő kernels and Abelian differentials on Riemann surfaces, and a systematic use of operator product expansions both for the Ising and the bosonic correlations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00220-025-05392-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}