{"title":"Quantum Differential Equation Solvers: Limitations and Fast-Forwarding","authors":"Dong An, Jin-Peng Liu, Daochen Wang, Qi Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05358-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05358-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the limitations and fast-forwarding of quantum algorithms for linear ordinary differential equation (ODE) systems with a particular focus on non-quantum dynamics, where the coefficient matrix in the ODE is not anti-Hermitian or the ODE is inhomogeneous. On the one hand, for generic linear ODEs, by proving worst-case lower bounds, we show that quantum algorithms suffer from computational overheads due to two types of “non-quantumness”: real part gap and non-normality of the coefficient matrix. We then show that homogeneous ODEs in the absence of both types of “non-quantumness” are equivalent to quantum dynamics, and reach the conclusion that quantum algorithms for quantum dynamics work best. To obtain these lower bounds, we propose a general framework for proving lower bounds on quantum algorithms that are <i>amplifiers</i>, meaning that they amplify the difference between a pair of input quantum states. On the other hand, we show how to fast-forward quantum algorithms for solving special classes of ODEs which leads to improved efficiency. More specifically, we obtain exponential improvements in both <i>T</i> and the spectral norm of the coefficient matrix for inhomogeneous ODEs with efficiently implementable eigensystems, including various spatially discretized linear evolutionary partial differential equations. We give fast-forwarding algorithms that are conceptually different from existing ones in the sense that they neither require time discretization nor solving high-dimensional linear systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Limit Fluctuations of Stationary Measure of Totally Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process with Open Boundaries on the Coexistence Line","authors":"Włodzimierz Bryc, Joseph Najnudel, Yizao Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05374-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05374-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We describe limit fluctuations of the height function for the open TASEP on the coexistence line under the stationary measure. It is known that the height function satisfies a law of large numbers as the number of sites <i>n</i> goes to infinity which at the coexistence line is exotic in the sense that the first-order limit is random. Here, we study the functional central limit theorem: we show that with a random centering and normalized by <span>(sqrt{n})</span>, the second-order limit of the height functions is a (random) mixture of two independent Brownian motions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00220-025-05374-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fourier Dimension of Mandelbrot Multiplicative Cascades","authors":"Changhao Chen, Bing Li, Ville Suomala","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05354-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05354-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the Fourier dimension, <span>(dim _Fmu )</span>, of Mandelbrot multiplicative cascade measures <span>(mu )</span> on the <i>d</i>-dimensional unit cube. We show that if <span>(mu )</span> is the cascade measure generated by a sub-exponential random variable, then </p><div><div><span>$$begin{aligned} dim _Fmu =min {2,dim _2mu }, end{aligned}$$</span></div></div><p>where <span>(dim _2mu )</span> is the correlation dimension of <span>(mu )</span> and it has an explicit formula. For cascades on the circle <span>(Ssubset mathbb {R}^2)</span>, we obtain </p><div><div><span>$$begin{aligned} dim _Fmu ge frac{dim _2mu }{2+dim _2mu }. end{aligned}$$</span></div></div></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00220-025-05354-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Runge-Type Approximation Theorem for the 3D Unsteady Stokes System","authors":"Mitsuo Higaki, Franck Sueur","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05364-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05364-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate Runge-type approximation theorems for solutions to the 3D unsteady Stokes system. More precisely, we establish that on any compact set with connected complement, local smooth solutions to the 3D unsteady Stokes system can be approximated with an arbitrarily small positive error in <span>(L^infty )</span> norm by a global solution of the 3D unsteady Stokes system, where the velocity grows at most exponentially at spatial infinity and the pressure grows polynomially. Additionally, by considering a parasitic solution to the Stokes system, we establish that some growths at infinity are indeed necessary. These results markedly differ from the Runge-type theorem for the heat equation in Enciso–García-Ferrero–Peralta-Salas (Duke Math J 168(5):897–939, 2019), where the approximations with decay at infinity can be achieved.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00220-025-05364-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jan Kochanowski, Álvaro M. Alhambra, Ángela Capel, Cambyse Rouzé
{"title":"Rapid Thermalization of Dissipative Many-Body Dynamics of Commuting Hamiltonians","authors":"Jan Kochanowski, Álvaro M. Alhambra, Ángela Capel, Cambyse Rouzé","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05353-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05353-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quantum systems typically reach thermal equilibrium rather quickly when coupled to a thermal environment. The usual way of bounding the speed of this process is by estimating the spectral gap of the dissipative generator. However the gap, by itself, does not always yield a reasonable estimate for the thermalization time in many-body systems: without further structure, a uniform lower bound on it only constrains the thermalization time to grow polynomially with system size. Here, instead, we show that for a large class of geometrically-2-local models of Davies generators with commuting Hamiltonians, the thermalization time is much shorter than one would naïvely estimate from the gap: at most logarithmic in the system size. This yields the so-called rapid mixing of dissipative dynamics. The result is particularly relevant for 1D systems, for which we prove rapid thermalization with a system size independent decay rate only from a positive gap in the generator. We also prove that systems in hypercubic lattices of any dimension, and exponential graphs, such as trees, have rapid mixing at high enough temperatures. We do this by introducing a novel notion of clustering which we call “strong local indistinguishability” based on a max-relative entropy, and then proving that it implies a lower bound on the modified logarithmic Sobolev inequality (MLSI) for nearest neighbour commuting models. This has consequences for the rate of thermalization towards Gibbs states, and also for their relevant Wasserstein distances and transportation cost inequalities. Along the way, we show that several measures of decay of correlations on Gibbs states of commuting Hamiltonians are equivalent, a result of independent interest. At the technical level, we also show a direct relation between properties of Davies and Schmidt dynamics, that allows to transfer results of thermalization between both.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00220-025-05353-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Finite-Time Blowup for Keller–Segel–Navier–Stokes System in Three Dimensions","authors":"Zexing Li, Tao Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05371-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05371-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While finite-time blowup solutions have been studied in depth for the Keller–Segel equation, a fundamental model describing chemotaxis, the existence of finite-time blowup solutions to chemotaxis-fluid models remains largely unexplored. To fill this gap in the literature, we use a quantitative method to directly construct a smooth finite-time blowup solution for the Keller–Segel–Navier–Stokes system with buoyancy in 3<i>D</i>. The heart of the proof is to establish the non-radial finite-codimensional stability of an explicit self-similar blowup solution to 3<i>D</i> Keller–Segel equation with the abstract semigroup tool from Merle et al. (Invent Math 227:247–413, 2022), which partially generalizes the radial stability result (Glogić and Schörkhuber in Arch Ration Mech Anal 248:4, 2024) to the non-radial setting. Additionally, we introduce a robust localization argument to find blowup solutions with non-negative density and finite mass.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pär Kurlberg, Alina Ostafe, Zeev Rudnick, Igor E. Shparlinski
{"title":"On Quantum Ergodicity for Higher Dimensional Cat Maps","authors":"Pär Kurlberg, Alina Ostafe, Zeev Rudnick, Igor E. Shparlinski","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05350-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05350-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study eigenfunction localization for higher dimensional cat maps, a popular model of quantum chaos. These maps are given by linear symplectic maps in <span>(operatorname {Sp}(2g,{{mathbb {Z}}}))</span>, which we take to be ergodic. Under some natural assumptions, we show that there is a density one sequence of integers <i>N</i> so that as <i>N</i> tends to infinity along this sequence, all eigenfunctions of the quantized map at the inverse Planck constant <i>N</i> are uniformly distributed. For the two-dimensional case (<span>(g=1)</span>), this was proved by Kurlberg and Rudnick (Duke Math J 103:47–78, 2000). The higher dimensional case offers several new features and requires a completely different set of tools, including from additive combinatorics, such as a bound of Bourgain (J Am Math Soc 18:477–499, 2005) for Mordell sums, and a study of tensor product structures for the cat map, which has never been exploited in this context.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12222298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah de Lázari, Jason D. Lotay, Henrique N. Sá Earp, Eirik Eik Svanes
{"title":"Local Descriptions of the Heterotic SU(3) Moduli Space","authors":"Hannah de Lázari, Jason D. Lotay, Henrique N. Sá Earp, Eirik Eik Svanes","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05309-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05309-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The heterotic <span>(textrm{SU}(3))</span> system, also known as the Hull–Strominger system, arises from compactifications of heterotic string theory to six dimensions. This paper investigates the local structure of the moduli space of solutions to this system on a compact 6-manifold <i>X</i>, using a vector bundle <span>(Q=(T^{1,0}X)^* oplus {{textrm{End}}}(E) oplus T^{1,0}X)</span>, where <span>(Erightarrow X)</span> is the classical gauge bundle arising in the system. We establish that the moduli space has an expected dimension of zero. We achieve this by studying the deformation complex associated to a differential operator <span>(bar{D})</span>, which emulates a holomorphic structure on <i>Q</i>, and demonstrating an isomorphism between the two cohomology groups which govern the infinitesimal deformations and obstructions in the deformation theory for the system. We also provide a Dolbeault-type theorem linking these cohomology groups to Čech cohomology, a result which might be of independent interest, as well as potentially valuable for future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00220-025-05309-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rigidity of Stratospheric Travelling Waves","authors":"Adrian Constantin, Hua Shao, Hao Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05368-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05368-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present some rigidity results for travelling waves that propagate zonally in bands of latitude in the stratosphere of the outer planets. Such waves arise as perturbations of a background zonally shear flow. The <i>f</i>-plane and <span>(beta )</span>-plane approximations are adequate for the small and moderately wide bands on Jupiter and Saturn, while for the broad zonal jets on Uranus and Neptune one must use spherical coordinates. We show that within the <i>f</i>-plane setting the wave speeds must lie in the range of the flow’s zonal velocity, while in the <span>(beta )</span>-plane setting they cannot exceed the maximum of the zonal velocity but may be slightly less than its minimum. In spherical coordinates we obtain a rigidity result for travelling waves near a zonal flow. By means of some examples, we also show that such zonally travelling waves do not have to be zonally symmetric, and symmetry breaking may occur due to the rotation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12222347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marius Wesle, Giovann Marcelli, Tadahiro Miyao, Domenico Monaco, Stefan Teufel
{"title":"Near Linearity of the Macroscopic Hall Current Response in Infinitely Extended Gapped Fermion Systems","authors":"Marius Wesle, Giovann Marcelli, Tadahiro Miyao, Domenico Monaco, Stefan Teufel","doi":"10.1007/s00220-025-05361-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00220-025-05361-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider an infinitely extended system of fermions on a <i>d</i>-dimensional lattice with (magnetic) translation-invariant short-range interactions. We further assume that the system has a gapped ground state. Physically, this is a model for the bulk of a generic topological insulator at zero temperature, and we are interested in the current response of such a system to a constant external electric field. Using the <i>non-equilibrium almost-stationary states</i> approach, we prove that the longitudinal current density induced by a constant electric field of strength <span>(varepsilon )</span> is of order <span>(mathcal {O}(varepsilon ^infty ))</span>, i.e. the system is an insulator in the usual sense. For the Hall current density we show instead that it is linear in <span>(varepsilon )</span> up to terms of order <span>(mathcal {O}(varepsilon ^infty ))</span>. The proportionality factor <span>(sigma _textrm{H})</span> is by definition the Hall conductivity, and we show that it is given by a generalization of the well known double commutator formula to interacting systems. As a by-product of our results, we find that the Hall conductivity is constant within gapped phases, and that for <span>(d=2)</span> the relevant observable that “measures” the Hall conductivity in experiments, the Hall conductance, not only agrees with <span>( sigma _{textrm{H}})</span> in expectation up to <span>(mathcal {O}(varepsilon ^infty ))</span>, but also has vanishing variance. A notable difference to several existing results on the current response in interacting fermion systems is that we consider a macroscopic system exposed to a small constant electric field, rather than to a small voltage drop.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":522,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Mathematical Physics","volume":"406 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12222344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}