Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)最新文献

{"title":"Prophylactic efficacy of cannabidiol and sodium nitroprusside in a ketamine-model of schizophrenia: sex-dependent effects on positive-like and cognitive impairments.","authors":"Daniel B A Prado, Matheus T Rossignoli, Rafael N Ruggiero, José E P Santos, João P Leite, Serdar M Dursun, Leman H Dursun, Antonio W Zuardi, Rafael G Dos Santos, Vanessa C Abilio, João Abrão, José A Crippa, Gleiciane G Avelar, Jaime E C Hallak, Isabella C S Dias","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Current treatments for schizophrenia (SZ) are often ineffective for all symptoms, with sex-dependent effects poorly understood. Cannabidiol (CBD) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) have emerged as potential prophylactic options. We evaluated their efficacy in preventing positive, negative, and cognitive deficits in a ketamine (KET) rodent model of SZ in both sexes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Wistar rats were pretreated with CBD and SNP (alone or combined) during brain development (postnatal days 12-32). After 10 days, schizophrenia-like deficits were induced via KET. Behaviors were assessed using the Open Field Test (OFT), Sucrose Preference Test (SPT), and Novel Object Recognition (NOR) test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>KET induced sex-dependent effects: females showed greater hyperlocomotion and long-term NOR memory deficits, while males exhibited reduced sucrose preference and short-term NOR impairments. CBD or SNP alone had limited efficacy, but their combination reduced hyperlocomotion and prevented NOR deficits in both sexes. Multivariate analysis revealed superior prophylactic effects in females, with unsupervised clustering showing distinct behavioral phenotypes between sexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides the first preclinical evidence of sex-dependent prophylactic efficacy of CBD-SNP in a schizophrenia model, suggesting a promising therapeutic strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144986940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eating Behaviors Assessed by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) and Mental Health in Adults: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Andressa Yavorivski, Marthina S Walker, Rafaela A de Mello, Tainá L da Silva, Ana M P Feoli","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Eating behaviors have been studied since 1985 using the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) by Stunkard & Messik, building scientific evidence on their associations with body weight regulation, eating disorders and mental health. The present systematic review aimed to provide a narrative synthesis of the literature about the relationship between cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating and mental health in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the PRISMA statement, five databases were searched for research published until 18th March 2023. Eligible articles investigated eating behaviors measured by the revised versions of TFEQ and mental health, measured by psychometric instruments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A narrative synthesis of forty cross-sectional articles suggests that anxiety, stress, food cravings, food addiction and body dissatisfaction are highly associated with uncontrolled and emotional eating. Depression, negative affect, emotion dysregulation and avoidance of emotions were more frequently associated with emotional eating. Mindful and intuitive eating had negative associations with uncontrolled and, mainly, emotional eating. Cognitive restraint showed an inverse association with depression but a positive association with disordered eating attitudes and body dissatisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review supports the importance of the development of emotion regulation skills in interventions for maladaptive eating behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144986946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Gender Discrimination, Resilience and Social Support with Self-Harm and Suicidality among Transgender Women in Brazil.","authors":"Sandro Sperandei, Francisco Inácio Bastos, Clara Lyra, Sithum Munasinghe, Andrew Page, Arianne Reis","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4329","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transgender individuals experience pervasive discrimination throughout their lives on both structural and interpersonal levels, greatly impacting on suicide risk. Gender-based discrimination can affect up to 96% of transgender individuals in Brazil, the country selected as the focus of this study.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To explore suicidal behaviour among transgender women by investigating the associations between resilience, social support, and experiences of gender discrimination and thoughts of self-harm, suicide ideation and suicide attempt among transgender women in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study draws from cross-sectional data from the Brazilian DIVAS study. A respondent-driven sampling method was used to recruit 2,470 participants. Fourteen experiences of discrimination were used in a latent class analysis model to separate the sample into classes. A multiple logistic regression model was used to assess the association of each outcome (i.e., recent thoughts of self-harm and suicidal ideation, lifetime suicidal ideation, and recent and lifetime suicide attempts) with gender discrimination, resilience and social support scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four classes of discrimination were obtained and named as \"low\", \"medium-low\", \"medium-high\", and \"high\". Higher levels of discrimination were associated with thoughts of self-harm and suicidal ideation (ORs from 1.26 to 2.39) and suicide attempt (ORs from 1.68 to 3.34), as well as lower levels of resilience (ORs from 1.79 to 4.08). On the other hand, higher levels of social support were associated with lower chances of thoughts of self-harm or suicidal ideation (ORs from 0.66 to 0.43) and suicide attempt (ORs from 0.78 to 0.58).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The clear link between discrimination, whether it be structural or interpersonal, and suicidal ideation found in this study calls for structural changes that address harassment in all forms against gender minorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144986993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paraphilic Fantasies and Disorders in Brazil: Insights from a Nationwide Study on Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Public Health Implications.","authors":"João Guilherme de Almeida Jordani, Klaus Beier, Gustavo Cambraia do Canto, Marchi Nino, Karine Schwarz, Maria Inês Rodrigues Lobato","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paraphilias, atypical sexual preferences outside societal norms, present a psychiatric challenge. The DSM-5-TR differentiates paraphilic fantasies from disorders, with the latter causing distress or impairment. Social stigma and underreporting hinder understanding.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examines paraphilic fantasies and disorders in Brazil, focusing on pedophilia and hebephilia to inform public health policies and crime prevention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional, online study included 5,335 Brazilian participants. The survey collected sociodemographic data and applied the Paraphilic Assessment Protocol, adapted from the Dunkelfeld Project, assessing fantasies, temporal criteria, and distress or impairment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most respondents (62.2%) reported three or more paraphilic fantasies, with masochism (64.4%), body part fetishism (58.0%), and sadism (49.2%) being most common. Non-consensual fantasies included pedophilia (3.7%), hebephilia (6.6%), frotteurism (7.5%), and exhibitionism (6.8%). Pedophilic and hebephilic disorders were found in 1.87% and 2.46% of participants, respectively, associated with young age (18-24 years), cisgender male identity, bisexual orientation, and single status. Healthcare and educational professionals showed notable links to these disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As Brazil's first nationwide survey on paraphilias, this study underscores the need for targeted interventions to prevent sexual crimes and improve treatment options. Further research is essential despite ongoing stigma.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144986927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: \"Perinatal risk factors for the onset of bipolar disorder in young adulthood: a 22-year birth cohort\".","authors":"Ronilson Corrêa, Ana Elisa Toscano, Paula Brielle Pontes, Joaci Pereira Dos Santos, Erika Vanesa Cadena-Burbano, Raul Manhães de Castro","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4243","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mindfulness strategies for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Eduardo Aliende Perin, Nelson Carvas Junior, Vinicius Tassoni Civile, Rosana Moreira Zenezi, Tamara Melnik","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mindfulness has been explored in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) treatment, but its efficacy remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for adults with OCD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Two independent reviewers selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing MBIs with active control interventions, including cognitive/behavioral techniques and psychoeducation. Primary outcomes were obsessive-compulsive symptoms, dropout rates, anxiety, depressive symptoms, mindfulness skills, and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six RCTs (n = 499; mean age = 32.8 years; mean disorder duration = 9.83 years) were included. Interventions lasted from 2 to 48 weeks. The certainty of evidence ranged from low to high. Mindfulness did not significantly differ from other strategies for reducing obsessive-compulsive symptoms (SMD = -0.08; 95% CI: -0.35 to 0.18), dropout rates (RR = 1.00; 95% CI: 0.69 to 1.43), anxiety (SMD = -0.28; 95% CI: -0.57 to 0.00), or depression (SMD = -0.07; 95% CI: -0.26 to 0.11). A small improvement in mindfulness skills was observed (SMD = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.48), though not clinically relevant. Quality of life findings were inconsistent and could not be pooled in analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mindfulness-based interventions were not significantly different from the group \"other interventions\", which included well-established OCD treatments such as exposure with response prevention (ERP), psychoeducation, and cognitive restructuring.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurocognitive and Neurobiological Features of Early-Stage Unmedicated Patients with Bipolar Disorder.","authors":"Signem Oztekin, Fatma Akdeniz Usakli, Arzu Oran, Fatma Taneli, Sophia Frangou, Omer Aydemir","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this project was to determine young adults who met the criteria of bipolar disorder (BD) but have not yet received diagnosis or treatment; and evaluate the neurocognitive and neurobiological changes by comparing with healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The high-risk group for BD was determined by using HCL-32R. After that, participants were interviewed with SCID-I to determine the previously undiagnosed and drug-naive patients (DNP) (n=27). Healthy control (HC) group (n=27) was included to compared with the DNP group. All participants completed a cognitive battery which evaluated executive functioning, attention, working memory and verbal learning. Magnetic Resonance Imaging data in all participants were obtained to compare cortical thickness. TBARS, NO and the antioxidant enzymes SOD and catalase activities were measured to determine the oxidative stress status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DNP group underperformed in all the tests administered but group differences were significant in the WCST and RVALT. Only catalase levels of oxidative stress markers were significantly higher in patients. DNP group showed significant cortical thinning in various regions of brain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neurobiological changes and neurocognitive dysfunction are present in the early stage and unmedicated of BD. However longitudinal studies are needed to understand the progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144684005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation and Cross-cultural Validation of the Flourishing and Secure Flourishing Indexes in the Brazilian Portuguese language.","authors":"Juliane P de B Gonçalves, Marianna de Abreu Costa, Neusa Sica Da Rocha, Gisele Manfro, Willyane de Andrade Alvarenga, Alexander Moreira-Almeida, Bruno Mosqueiro Paz, Marcelo Fleck, Giancarlo Lucchetti, Homero Vallada","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4216","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Flourishing, a holistic concept encompassing multiple domains of well-being, has gained significant interest in recent years. However, validated tools for measuring flourishing, mainly using VanderWeele's framework, remain unavailable for Brazilian Portuguese-speaking populations. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Flourishing Index (FI) and Secure Flourishing Index (SFI) for the Brazilian Portuguese language through two complementary studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The instruments were translated and culturally adapted, following international guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation of Self-Report Measures. In Study 1, psychometric properties were examined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) in a general population sample (n = 359). Construct validity was assessed by correlating FI/SFI scores with quality of life, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic growth. In Study 2, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted in a sample of individuals with moderate depressive symptoms (n = 252) to confirm the factor structure. Reliability and validity were evaluated in both samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EFA identified a five-factor structure for FI and a six-factor structure for SFI, consistent with prior studies. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.60 to 0.86, supporting internal consistency. CFA confirmed the multidimensional structures with appropriate fit indices (RMSEA<0.08, SRMR<0.08). Construct validity analyses demonstrated significant correlations between FI/SFI and mental health, quality of life, and post-traumatic growth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The FI and SFI demonstrated appropriate psychometric properties in the Brazilian Portuguese language, enabling comprehensive assessments of flourishing in diverse contexts. These validated tools can support flourishing research and intervention evaluation in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144568321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between B cell activating factor (BAFF) and future depressive symptoms in hemodialysis patients.","authors":"Dong-Young Lee, Woojin Jang, Beom Kim, Jae-Hon Lee, Young Lee, Yu Ho Lee, Shin Young Ahn, Jin Sug Kim, Yang Gyun Kim, Hyeon Seok Hwang, Ju-Young Moon, Jae-Hong Ryoo, Kayla M Teopiz, Rodrigo B Mansur, Joshua D Rosenblat, Roger S McIntyre","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are cytokines that play critical roles in maturation, homeostasis, and differentiation of B cells, and are associated with mental disorders. The link between inflammation and depression is well-established. Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD), who commonly experience depression, exhibit a state of immune dysfunction. We hypothesize that BAFF and APRIL may influence future depressive symptoms in HD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 72 HD patients without baseline depressive symptoms. Participants' depressive symptoms were assessed annually over two years using the BDI-II. The participants were measured for plasma BAFF, APRIL, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels. To evaluate their impact on the development of depressive symptoms, we performed Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Depressive symptoms were observed in 31 (43.1%) subjects. In both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, a 1 SD increase in BAFF was significantly associated with increased risk of future depressive symptoms with hazard ratio of 1.44 (95%CI 1.03-2.00) and 1.70 (95%CI 1.04-2.78), respectively. Higher BAFF groups exhibited a significantly greater incidence of depressive symptoms over two years (p = 0.048).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated plasma BAFF levels were significantly associated with the development of depressive symptoms in HD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Seizures to Neuroscientific Legacy: Marking the Bicentennial of Dom Pedro II.","authors":"Marleide de Mota Gomes, Antonio Egidio Nardi","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4325","DOIUrl":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4325","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}