Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)最新文献

{"title":"Pioneering Psychopharmacology in Brazil: Marcio Versiani and 40 Years of the Anxiety and Depression Program at UFRJ.","authors":"Larissa Junkes, Jorge Adelino R da Silva, Antonio E Nardi","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4529","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Functional Connectivity and Inhibitory Control in Tourette Syndrome with and without Comorbid Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.","authors":"Wenyan Zhang, Xianbin Wang, Zhongyi Liu, Anyi Zhang, Hongna Li, Qing Zhao, Zhongliang Jiang, Jirui Wang, Kai Yang, Weiwei Men, Xu Hong, Tianyuan Lei, Yonghua Cui","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Tourette syndrome (TS) is often comorbid with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and is associated with inhibitory control deficits. However, the differences in whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) between TS with and without ADHD and their neural basis for inhibitory control remain unclear. This study examines FC differences between these groups and their association with inhibitory control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 52 children with TS (30 pure TS, 22 TS+ADHD) from Beijing Children's Hospital. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to construct individual FC networks, and inhibitory control was assessed using the Go/No-Go task. Group differences in whole-brain FC were analyzed using the network-based statistic (NBS) approach, which identifies connected subnetworks showing significant differences between groups while controlling for multiple comparisons. Multivariate linear regression models examined associations between FC and inhibitory control, adjusting for ADHD comorbidity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the pure TS group, the TS+ADHD group showed decreased FC involving the default mode, somatomotor, and limbic networks. In both groups, inhibitory control had a positive correlation with FCs, predominantly involving the default mode, frontoparietal, somatomotor and attention networks. There were no significant group differences in FC related to inhibitory control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although differences in FC were observed between the TS and TS+ADHD groups, both groups exhibited similar FC associated with inhibitory control. These findings highlight the neural impact of ADHD in TS and provide insights for future clinical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability, Item Functioning, and Gender Bias of the CES-D Scale in Community-Dwelling Elderly: Findings from the ELSA Cohort.","authors":"Antonio Reis de Sá-Junior, Vitor A Petrilli-Mazon, Ione Schneider, Yuan-Pang Wang, Cesar Oliveira","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the item performance of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were adults aged 50 and older from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Using classical test theory and item response theory, data from 11,612 participants were analyzed to estimate reliability, item discrimination (a), and item difficulty (b). Differential Item Functioning (DIF) analyses assessed whether individuals from different gender groups responded differently to items despite similar depressive symptom levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CES-D demonstrated adequate internal consistency (α = 0.80; ω = 0.85), with a lower marginal reliability (0,65). Around 60% of participants endorsed at least one depressive symptom. All items showed moderate to higher levels of discrimination (a > 0.66), with \"slept restlessly\" most frequently endorsed (b = 0.43), and \"felt lonely\" the hardest to endorse (b = 1.59). Four items - \"slept restlessly\", \"felt lonely\", \"felt sad\", and \"could not get going\" - exhibited significant DIF, with women more likely to endorse these items than men at equivalent symptom levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CES-D items showed acceptable reliability and effectively captured varying depression severity. Despite some DIF, no substantial gender-related measurement bias was found, supporting the scale's use for screening in older adult populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Trends and Spatial Analysis of Self-Reported Autism Spectrum Disorder in Brazil: A Decade of School Census Insights (2014-2023).","authors":"Luís Gabriel de Sousa Fontenele, Gabriel Stumpf Bastos Amorim, Petrone Bandeira Dos Santos, Rykelme Cavalcante Martins, Vitor Expedito Alves Ribeiro, Marcos Henrick Fernandes Almeida, Giuliano da Paz Oliveira","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a growing neurodevelopmental condition worldwide. Data addressing in Brazil are scarce and identifying regional differences in ASD reporting is crucial for shaping policies that ensure equity and accessibility.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Analyze the temporal and spatial trends of children and adolescents reporting ASD diagnosis at school enrollment in Brazil between 2014 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ecological study that employed time-series (Mann-Kendall test with Hamed-Rao modification) and spatial analyses (Global Moran's I and Local Indicators of Spatial Association[LISA]). Enrollment data (2014-2023) were obtained from the public synopses of the Brazilian School Census, including self-reported ASD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings revealed a national increase trend in reported ASD cases from 8.23 to 134.49 per 10,000 enrollments(p>0.001; slope≈11.18). Trends of states were consistently upward(Tau=1, p>0.001) except in São Paulo(Tau=0.78, p=0.002). Acre saw the largest rise, São Paulo the smallest. Moran's I rose from 0.1235 to 0.3233(p=0.001), indicating stronger spatial clustering, with LISA identifying persistent South/Southeast clusters and emerging Northeast clusters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reported ASD cases rose steeply nationally (2014-2023), with most states trending upward. Spatial clustering strengthened (Moran's I increase); LISA showed persistent South/Southeast and emerging Northeast clusters, demanding region-targeted policies and integrated care.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting Holistic Well-being in Addiction Treatment: Effects of the Flourishing Intervention in Hospitalized Patients.","authors":"Juliane P de B Gonçalves, Willyane de Andrade Alvarenga, Richard G Cowden, Clarice Gorenstein, Giancarlo Lucchetti, Homero Vallada","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the effects of the Flourishing Intervention (FI) versus usual care (UC) on craving symptoms, mental health, and quality of life among hospitalized crack/cocaine users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental mixed-methods study was conducted in a Brazilian psychiatric hospital. Participants were inpatients (N=119) undergoing detoxification and met ICD-10 criteria for crack/cocaine use disorders. The FI included twelve meetings (ten group sessions) on virtues and human values. Outcomes included crack/cocaine craving (primary), personal flourishing, depression, anxiety, impulsivity, quality of life, readiness to change, religiosity, and spirituality. Qualitative data were collected via semi-structured interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-treatment, the FI group (n=79) had slightly lower scores on the Cocaine Craving Questionnaire-Brief (CCQ) measure (d=-0.21) compared to the UC group (n=40); the difference between the two groups on a visual analog scale (VAS) of crack/cocaine craving (d=-0.03) was more negligible. Within-group analyses for the FI group supported post-intervention improvements in craving (CCQ: d=-0.51; VAS: d=-0.61) and several secondary outcomes. Qualitative findings (n=30) highlighted the value of group therapy, motivation to quit drugs and to reach personal goals, positive emotions, and strengthening protective factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provided preliminary evidence suggesting that the FI may be beneficial in reducing craving symptoms and promoting personal flourishing.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A small step, giant savings: the impact of physical activity on dementia cases and economic costs in Brazil.","authors":"Natan Feter, David Raichlen, Jayne Feter, Eduardo Caputo, Daniel Umpierre, Airton Rombaldi","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the potential impact of physical activity (PA) on the forecast prevalence and economic cost of dementia among Brazilian adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey to estimate PA levels. Dementia-related costs in 2019 were combined with prevalence data from the Global Burden of Disease Study. We estimated dementia cases and costs that could be averted if physical inactivity (<150 minutes/week of moderate-to-vigorous PA) were eliminated. A counterfactual scenario assessed the effect of small increases in moderate (MPA) or vigorous (VPA) PA per week in adults who currently engage in zero minutes of PA per week.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2019, 14.9% of dementia cases in Brazil were attributable to physical inactivity, corresponding to 569,548 preventable cases by 2050. This would translate into R$23.1 billion (i.e., US$9.3 billion) in avoidable economic burden, of which R$20.2 billion are direct healthcare costs. In adults with zero minutes of PA, increasing MPA or VPA by 10 minutes/day could prevent 219,412 and 420,180 cases and save R$8.5 and 16.2 billion by 2050, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Brazil, one in seven dementia cases is linked to physical inactivity. Modest increases in PA could yield major health and economic benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eating disorders in Brazil: Linking scarce research to diagnostic errors in psychiatric practice.","authors":"Jônatas de Oliveira","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4312","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation in psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of clinical trials.","authors":"Jônatas Magalhães Santos, Lívia Vita Rodrigues, Pedro Henrique Rodrigues da Silva, Lais Boralli Razza, Paul E Croarkin, Andre Russowsky Brunoni","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), including transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), shows promise for psychiatric disorders in adults, but evidence in children and adolescents remains limited. The objective of this review is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NIBS in treating psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An umbrella review with a pre-registered PROSPERO protocol (CRD42023477743) was conducted. Meta-analyses were identified using MeSH-based searches in Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane up to October 30th, 2023. PICO strategy guided study selection. Study quality was assessed using AMSTAR-2, and evidence certainty was rated with GRADE-pro.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 757 records screened, five meta-analyses, including 49 clinical trials and 2105 participants after excluding overlaped samples met inclusion criteria: four evaluating rTMS for depression and one assessing tDCS for ADHD. Among the four meta-analyses evaluating rTMS for depression, three had similar PICO criteria, and we prioritized the most recent with the largest number of trials and patients (Cao et al.) for formal evaluation. Cao et al. (low quality) reported significant improvement in depressive symptoms two (MD=4.68/GRADE=low) and four (MD=5.53/GRADE=low) weeks post-rTMS, with a positive response rate (OR=3.99/GRADE=very low) and minimal adverse effects. Sun et al. (critically low quality) found significant symptom improvement in first-episode depression using 10 Hz stimulation on L-DLPFC (SMD=1.63/GRADE=low), 1 Hz stimulation on R-DLPFC (SMD=1.22/GRADE=high), and remission rates (RR=1.35/GRADE=moderate). Furthermore, the discontinuation rate was low, without serious adverse events related. Brauer et al. (low quality) reported symptom improvement in ADHD with tDCS (SMD=0.363/GRADE=very low).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NIBS appears safe and effective to treat psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents but requires further high-quality RCTs for clinical validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Patients with Major Depression and Bipolar Affective Disorder in Remission.","authors":"Seda Kiraz, Gülce Gökgöz Özışık","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to examine the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL), macular thickness (MAC), ganglion cell layer thickness (GCL), and inner plexiform layer thickness (IPL) determined by Optic Coherence Tomography (OCT) in the euthymic bipolar disorder (BD) and recurrent major depression (MD) in remission period, to compare with healthy control group (CG).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>51 patients with BD, 50 patients with MD, and 52 CG were included. Complete ophthalmologic examinations were performed on the three groups and right eye was included. OCT findings were analyzed between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, gender, smoking, RNFL and IPL measurements. MAC central and inner temporal (IT) measurements of the CG were significantly higher than the measurements of the MD and BD groups (all p<0.05), but no difference between the MAC central measurements of the MD and BD groups (p=0.084). MAC IT measurements of the MD group were also significantly higher than the measurements of the BD group (p=0.046). MAC inner inferior (II) measurements of the CG were significantly higher than the measurements of the MD and BD groups (p=0.003, p<0.001, respectively), but no difference between the MAC II measurements of the MD and BD groups (p=0.141). GCL IT measurements of the CG were significantly higher than the measurements of the MD and BD groups (p=0.049, p=0.044).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The differences between MD and BD may reflect the unique characteristics of each disorder. These data need to be confirmed by studies on retinal structure and function in larger patient populations with longer follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charcot's Bicentennial Legacy: Bridging Hysteria, Neuroscience, and Neurohumanities.","authors":"Marleide de Mota Gomes, Antonio Egidio Nardi","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4389","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}