Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)最新文献

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Prevalence of depression among patients with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 巴西里约热内卢疑似肺结核患者的抑郁患病率
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) Pub Date : 2019-07-01 Epub Date: 2018-10-22 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0076
Karina M de Castro-Silva, Anna C Carvalho, Maria T Cavalcanti, Pedro da S Martins, José R França, Maria Oquendo, Afrânio L Kritski, Annika Sweetland
{"title":"Prevalence of depression among patients with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.","authors":"Karina M de Castro-Silva,&nbsp;Anna C Carvalho,&nbsp;Maria T Cavalcanti,&nbsp;Pedro da S Martins,&nbsp;José R França,&nbsp;Maria Oquendo,&nbsp;Afrânio L Kritski,&nbsp;Annika Sweetland","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the prevalence of major depressive episode (MDE) in patients with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis (pre-PTB, defined by cough lasting ≥ 3 weeks) and compare it between patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and without PTB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with pre-PTB (n=260) were screened for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Those individuals with scores ≥ 10 were subsequently assessed with the depression module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI-Plus) to confirm diagnosis. Associations of categorical variables with PTB and MDE were calculated using the chi-square test and OR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PTB was confirmed in 98 patients (37.7%). A high proportion of both groups (active PTB and no PTB) screened positive for depression (60.2 vs. 62.1%, respectively). Among 159 patients who screened positive for depression, a subset of 97 (61.0%) were further evaluated with the MINI-Plus; current MDE was confirmed in 54.6% (53/97). On univariate and multivariate analysis, female sex was the only factor associated with the diagnosis of current MDE (p = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of MDE was high among individuals with prolonged respiratory symptoms, independent of PTB diagnosis. This is consistent with other studies of depression in primary care in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":"316-323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40535293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Tourette's disorder and sexual offenses: psychiatric-forensic considerations. 妥瑞氏症和性犯罪:精神病学和法医学的考虑。
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) Pub Date : 2019-07-01 Epub Date: 2019-07-29 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0420
Fernanda T Nunes, Lisieux E B Telles
{"title":"Tourette's disorder and sexual offenses: psychiatric-forensic considerations.","authors":"Fernanda T Nunes,&nbsp;Lisieux E B Telles","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0420","url":null,"abstract":"and consistent with the idea that psychostimulant misuse may reflect a general tendency for greater substance use. In addition, the association with the variable university is consistent with the notion that psychostimulant misuse patterns vary widely locally and regionally. Overall, these results suggest it is reasonable to devise strategies to address psychostimulant misuse that take local factors (institutional or cultural, for example) into consideration, and following the same broad lines of strategies targeting other substances.","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":"364-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/27/f1/bjp-41-04-364.PMC6804308.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40452305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Behavioral, affective, and cognitive alterations induced by individual and combined environmental stressors in rats. 个体和联合环境应激源诱导大鼠的行为、情感和认知改变。
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) Pub Date : 2019-07-01 Epub Date: 2019-03-14 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0009
Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte, Jessica Maria Pessoa Gomes, Nathércia Lima Torres, João Ilo Coelho Barbosa, Geanne Matos de Andrade, Danielle Macedo, Bruno Ceppi
{"title":"Behavioral, affective, and cognitive alterations induced by individual and combined environmental stressors in rats.","authors":"Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte,&nbsp;Jessica Maria Pessoa Gomes,&nbsp;Nathércia Lima Torres,&nbsp;João Ilo Coelho Barbosa,&nbsp;Geanne Matos de Andrade,&nbsp;Danielle Macedo,&nbsp;Bruno Ceppi","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate whether exposing rats to individual or combined environmental stressors triggers endophenotypes related to mood and anxiety disorders, and whether this effect depends on the nature of the behavior (i.e., innate or learned).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a three-phase experimental protocol. In phase I (baseline), animals subjected to mixed schedule of reinforcement were trained to press a lever with a fixed interval of 1 minute and a limited hold of 3 seconds. On the last day of phase I, an open-field test was performed and the animals were divided into four experimental groups (n=8/group). In phase II (repeated stress), each group was exposed to either hot air blast (HAB), paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) or both (HAB+PSD group) on alternate days over a 10-day period. Control group animals were not exposed to stressors. In phase III (post-stress evaluation), behavior was analyzed on the first (short-term effects), third (mid-term effects), and fifth (long-term effects) days after repeated stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PSD group presented operant hyperactivity, the HAB group presented spontaneous hypoactivity and anxiety, and the HAB+PSD group presented spontaneous hyperactivity, operant hypoactivity, impulsivity, loss of interest, and cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A combination of environmental stressors (HAB and PSD) may induce endophenotypes related to bipolar disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":"289-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37249662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Sociodemographic, psychiatric, and personality correlates of non-prescribed use of amphetamine medications for academic performance among medical students. 非处方使用安非他明药物对医学生学习成绩的社会人口学、精神病学和人格相关性
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) Pub Date : 2019-07-01 Epub Date: 2019-07-29 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0328
Gelline M Haas, Ana Clara Momo, Thaís M Dias, Tosin A Ayodele, Marcelo L Schwarzbold
{"title":"Sociodemographic, psychiatric, and personality correlates of non-prescribed use of amphetamine medications for academic performance among medical students.","authors":"Gelline M Haas,&nbsp;Ana Clara Momo,&nbsp;Thaís M Dias,&nbsp;Tosin A Ayodele,&nbsp;Marcelo L Schwarzbold","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0328","url":null,"abstract":"Use of psychostimulants without a medical indication to supposedly improve academic performance is common among medical students, but its correlates remain poorly understood. In this cross-sectional study (Plataforma Brasil ethical approval 52982815.9.0000.5636), we explored sociodemographic, psychiatric, and personality factors associated with this phenomenon. Students from all semesters of two universities (A, public, and B, private) in the metropolitan area of Florianópolis (state of Santa Catarina, Brazil) were invited, at the start or the end of classes, to answer an anonymous, self-report questionnaire about methylphenidate or lisdexamfetamine use patterns, gender, living situation, household monthly income per capita, and last-month cannabis use, as well as complete the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT-C), 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4), Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Self-Report Scale (ASRS), and Big Five Inventory (BFI) instruments. Of 707 students enrolled, 698 (98.7%) completed the questions about methylphenidate or lisdexamfetamine use. Of these, 81.8% had never used these medications, 7.0% had ever used them with a medical prescription, and 11.2% had ever used them without a prescription. Students with prescribed use were excluded due to likely ADHD. Of those with non-prescribed use, 28.2% (n=22) used in the past month (median [interquartile interval], 2.0 [1.0-6.3] days of use in this period) and 71.8% (n=56) had done so more than 1 month before (2.0 [0.0-4.0] days of use in the past year). Motivations for non-prescribed use (more than one could be endorsed) were to study longer (84.6%), increase concentration (46.2%), stay awake (28.2%), experiment (15.4%), and party (10.3%). First, we performed preliminary analyses (MannWhitney or chi-square tests) comparing students with non-prescribed use for academic performance (to study longer, increase concentration, or stay awake; n=71, or 10.2% of the sample) to students without use (n=571). Non-prescribed use for academic performance was significantly associated (p o 0.05) with studying in University B, older age, last-month cannabis use, higher AUDIT-C and lower BFI conscientiousness scores, and screening positive in the ASRS (score of 24 or greater in part A or B). We then simultaneously entered these variables into a multiple logistic regression model to define independent significant associations (Table 1). Assumptions: numerical variables met the logit linearity assumption in the Box-Tidwell test (p 4 0.05); no numerical variables showed a tolerance o 0.1 or a variance inflation factor 4 5; no cases had a Cook’s distance 4 1; 15 cases had an absolute standardized residual 4 3; an analysis excluding these cases improved model fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow p = 0.74; Nagelkerke’s R = 0.35; c = 0.88), but did not change significance patterns. Although many studies have addressed non-prescribed use of psychostimulant medication among ","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":"363-364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/29/be/bjp-41-04-363.PMC6804301.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40540993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Corrigendum. 勘误表。
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0001
{"title":"Corrigendum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0221].</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":"367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a9/4b/bjp-41-04-367.PMC6804312.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37266897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Psychological distress among transgender people in Brazil: frequency, intensity and social causation - an ICD-11 field study. 巴西跨性别者的心理困扰:频率、强度和社会原因——一项ICD-11实地研究
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) Pub Date : 2019-07-01 Epub Date: 2019-03-07 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0052
Maria I Lobato, Bianca M Soll, Angelo Brandelli Costa, Alexandre Saadeh, Daniel A M Gagliotti, Ana Fresán, Geoffrey Reed, Rebeca Robles
{"title":"Psychological distress among transgender people in Brazil: frequency, intensity and social causation - an ICD-11 field study.","authors":"Maria I Lobato,&nbsp;Bianca M Soll,&nbsp;Angelo Brandelli Costa,&nbsp;Alexandre Saadeh,&nbsp;Daniel A M Gagliotti,&nbsp;Ana Fresán,&nbsp;Geoffrey Reed,&nbsp;Rebeca Robles","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe self-reported experiences of gender incongruence related to discomfort and body changes to be more congruent to the desired gender, and to examine whether experiences of psychological distress related to gender identity were more strongly related to the experience of gender incongruence per se or to experiences of social rejection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This field study used a structured interview design in a purposive sample of transgender adults (aged >18 years or older) receiving health-care services in two main reference centers in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A high proportion of participants (90.3%, n=93) reported experiencing psychological distress related to their gender identity and report having experienced social rejection related to their gender identity during the interview index period and that rejection by friends was the only significant predictor for psychological distress.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gender incongruence variables were not significant predictors of distress. This result supports the recent changes proposed by the Word Health Organization in ICD-11 to move transgender conditions from the Mental and Behavioral Disorders chapter to a new chapter on Sexual Disorders and Conditions Related to Sexual Health.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":"310-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37032990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Alcohol misuse among women in Brazil: recent trends and associations with unprotected sex, early pregnancy, and abortion. 巴西妇女酒精滥用:近期趋势及其与无保护的性行为、早孕和堕胎的关系
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) Pub Date : 2019-03-01 Epub Date: 2018-10-22 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2017-0024
Luciana T S Massaro, Renata R Abdalla, Ronaldo Laranjeira, Raul Caetano, Ilana Pinsky, Clarice S Madruga
{"title":"Alcohol misuse among women in Brazil: recent trends and associations with unprotected sex, early pregnancy, and abortion.","authors":"Luciana T S Massaro,&nbsp;Renata R Abdalla,&nbsp;Ronaldo Laranjeira,&nbsp;Raul Caetano,&nbsp;Ilana Pinsky,&nbsp;Clarice S Madruga","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2017-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2017-0024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study compared the rates of binge drinking (BD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) reported for 2006 with those reported for 2012, exploring their associations with unprotected sex, early pregnancy, and abortion in a representative sample of women in Brazilian households.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a descriptive analysis of data from a cross-sectional study involving randomized multistage cluster sampling of the population ≥ 14 years of age. Weighted prevalence rates and odds ratios were estimated, and serial mediation analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4,256 women were analyzed. The BD prevalence was 35.1% and 47.1% in 2006 and 2012, respectively, a significant increase, especially among women 40-59 years of age. There was no significant difference in AUD prevalence. BD (without AUD) was found to increase the odds of unprotected sex and abortion. The path analysis showed that early pregnancy was a mediator of the relationship between alcohol consumption and abortion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among women in Brazil, the harmful use of alcohol is increasing, which has an impact on female reproductive health and exposure to risks. There is a need for specific prevention initiatives focusing on alcohol-related behaviors in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":"131-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1516-4446-2017-0024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40535296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Component mechanisms of executive function in schizophrenia and their contribution to functional outcomes. 精神分裂症执行功能的组成机制及其对功能结果的贡献。
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2018-10-22 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0021
Arthur A Berberian, Ary Gadelha, Natália M Dias, Tatiana P Mecca, William E Comfort, Rodrigo A Bressan, Acioly T Lacerda
{"title":"Component mechanisms of executive function in schizophrenia and their contribution to functional outcomes.","authors":"Arthur A Berberian,&nbsp;Ary Gadelha,&nbsp;Natália M Dias,&nbsp;Tatiana P Mecca,&nbsp;William E Comfort,&nbsp;Rodrigo A Bressan,&nbsp;Acioly T Lacerda","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In schizophrenia, scores reflecting deficits in different cognitive processes are strongly correlated, making it difficult to establish a solid relationship between different cognitive mechanisms and other features of this disorder. The objective of this study was to explore whether three frequently postulated executive functions (updating, shifting, and inhibition) could be compared between groups and considered independently in terms of their respective roles in functional outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study relied on confirmatory factor analysis of schizophrenia patients (n=141) and healthy controls (n=119). The main analyses examined the degree to which three executive functions (updating, set-shifting, and inhibition) could be separated in schizophrenia and compared this model among groups. Structural equation modeling analysis was also performed to examine the extent to which executive function components contribute to functional outcome in schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis with unconstrained model parameters indicated that the full three-factor model may fit the data in both groups (χ2 = 61.48, degrees of freedom = 34, p < 0.001, comparative fit index = 0.95; standardized root mean square residual = 0.037; root mean square error of approximation = 0.04; Akaike's information criteria = 169.49; normed fit index = 0.90), although there was also a good data fit for the patient group with a two-factor model. In the patient group, structural equation modeling suggested that shifting and (principally) updating were associated with the general measure of functional outcome (regression path coefficients: 0.34, p < 0.005; 0.39, p < 0.005, respectively), although when combined the mechanisms fail to contribute.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This data suggests that the factor structure may be similar but not identical between groups, and both updating and shifting may play an important role in functional outcome in schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":"22-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40446951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Symptoms of anxiety and depression are related to cardiovascular responses to active, but not passive, coping tasks. 焦虑和抑郁症状与心血管对主动应对任务的反应有关,而不是被动应对任务。
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) Pub Date : 2017-04-01 Epub Date: 2016-11-07 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2016-1935
Kornanong Yuenyongchaiwat, Ian S Baker, David Sheffield
{"title":"Symptoms of anxiety and depression are related to cardiovascular responses to active, but not passive, coping tasks.","authors":"Kornanong Yuenyongchaiwat,&nbsp;Ian S Baker,&nbsp;David Sheffield","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2016-1935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2016-1935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective:: </strong>Anxiety and depression have been linked to blunted blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) reactions to mental stress tests; however, most studies have not included indices of underlying hemodynamics nor multiple stress tasks. This study sought to examine the relationships of anxiety and depression with hemodynamic responses to acute active and passive coping tasks.</p><p><strong>Methods:: </strong>A total of 104 participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales and mental arithmetic, speech, and cold pressor tasks while BP, HR, total peripheral resistance, and cardiac output (CO) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results:: </strong>After adjustment for traditional risk factors and baseline cardiovascular activity, depression scores were negatively associated with systolic BP, HR, and CO responses to the mental arithmetic task, while anxiety scores were inversely related to the systolic BP response to mental arithmetic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:: </strong>High anxiety or depression scores appear to be associated with blunted cardiac reactions to mental arithmetic (an active coping task), but not to the cold pressor test or speech tasks. Future research should further examine potential mechanisms and longitudinal pathways relating depression and anxiety to cardiovascular reactivity.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration number:: </strong>TCTR20160208004.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":"110-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1516-4446-2016-1935","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39980906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Development and validation of the Gambling Follow-up Scale, Self-Report version: an outcome measure in the treatment of pathological gambling. 自我报告版赌博后续量表的开发和验证:病态赌博治疗的结果测量。
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-11-07 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2016-1911
Ana M Galetti, Hermano Tavares
{"title":"Development and validation of the Gambling Follow-up Scale, Self-Report version: an outcome measure in the treatment of pathological gambling.","authors":"Ana M Galetti,&nbsp;Hermano Tavares","doi":"10.1590/1516-4446-2016-1911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2016-1911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective:: </strong>To validate the Gambling Follow-up Scale, Self-Report version (GFS-SR), a 10-item scale designed to assess gambling frequency, time and money spent on gambling, gambling craving, debts, emotional distress, family relationships, autonomy, and frequency of and satisfaction with leisure activities in individuals diagnosed with gambling disorder according to the DSM-5 criteria.</p><p><strong>Methods:: </strong>One hundred and twenty treatment-seeking gamblers were evaluated, 84 of whom proceeded to treatment. Fifty-two relatives provided collateral informant reports at baseline. Six months later, the 50 patients who completed the program were reassessed.</p><p><strong>Results:: </strong>The GFS-SR showed good inter-rater agreement and internal consistency. Factor analysis presented a three-factor solution: gambling behavior (factor 1); social life (factor 2); and personal hardship (factor 3). There was a high degree of convergence between GFS-SR scores and those of reference scales. The GFS-SR scores showed excellent sensitivity to change (factor 1), predictive validity for treatment response (factor 2), and ability to distinguish recovered from unrecovered patients after treatment (factor 3). A cutoff score of 33 was found to have 87% sensitivity and 80% specificity for gambling recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:: </strong>The GFS-SR is well suited to providing reliable follow-up of gamblers under treatment and assessing the efficacy of their treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":"36-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1516-4446-2016-1911","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39980757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
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