Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Insulin Resistance in Different Phases of Bipolar Disorder with Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG), Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index (TyG-BMI) and Metabolic Score Index for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR).","authors":"Yusuf Cokunlu, Kamile Yucel, Fadime Sımsek, Ikbal Inanlı","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the parameters Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG), Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index (TyG-BMI) and Metabolic Score Index for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) between the groups of patients diagnosed with Bipolar disorder (BD) in euthymic, manic and depressive states and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 238 patients diagnosed with BD, and 90 healthy controls were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TyG-BMI was higher in depressed state BD patients than in manic state BD patients. The METS-IR was significantly higher in depressed BD patients than in healthy controls. TyG-BMI was a statistically significant predictor for euthymic and depressed states of BD. In addition, the METS-IR was a statistically significant predictor for the euthymic state BD, depressed state BD and whole BD patient group. In the ROC analysis, we obtained the highest AUC values in the parameters TyG-BMI and METS-IR to discriminate the patient groups from healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results are noteworthy as the first study to provide evidence that elevated levels of METS-IR and TyG-BMI may be an indicator of IR in BD patients and can be used to differentiate BD patients from healthy controls. However, there is a need for confirmation of these results in larger studies before definitive conclusions are possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia associated with vascular impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Aimê de Paula Santos, Artur de Oliveira Macena Lôbo, Carla Bianca Alves Leite Santos, Matheus Goiana Novaes Correia Carvalho, Marcela Maria Cabral Ribeiro, Ana Eunice Oliveira Rodrigues, Sophia Mendonça Santos, Bruno Henrique Carneiro Costa, Stefan Welkovic, Eduardo Sousa de Melo, Breno José Alencar Pires Barbosa","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a major cause of cognitive decline associated with vascular brain injury. Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common, but their prevalence across VCI subtypes remains unclear. This study examines the prevalence of BPSD in different VCI subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Studies assessing BPSD in VCI patients were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Eligible studies used the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) to evaluate symptoms. Pooled prevalence rates for each NPI domain were calculated using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-five studies with 5,805 patients were included. In unspecified VCI, apathy (54.29%), depression (43.48%), and irritability (38.76%) were most common. Subcortical VCI showed higher apathy (62.01%), depression (52.11%), and irritability (44.73%). Mixed dementia had increased apathy (61.65%), depression (45.68%), sleep disturbances (44.63%), and more hallucinations (26.64%). VCI non-dementia (VCI-ND) showed depression (44.97%), irritability (32.75%), and anxiety (30.07%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BPSD are prevalent across VCI subtypes but varies. Mixed dementia presents more hallucinations and sleep disturbances, likely due to overlapping vascular and neurodegenerative pathology. Apathy and agitation in subcortical VCI may reflect vascular burden. Further research is warranted to clarify underlying neurobiological mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining the Undefined: Methodological Issues in the Genetic Study of Mediumship.","authors":"Yung Gonzaga, Vitor Souza, Leonardo Arcuri","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4193","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside on the Default Mode Network of Schizophrenia Patients and Healthy Controls.","authors":"Giovana Jorge Garcia, Giordano Novak Rossi, Isabella Caroline da Silva Dias, Emerson Arcoverde, Fernanda Palhano-Fontes, Heloisa Onias, João Paulo Machado de Sousa, João Paulo Maia de Oliveira, Draulio B Araújo, Acioly L T Lacerda, Rafael Guimarães Dos Santos, Glen B Baker, Serdar Murat Dursun, Jaime Eduardo Cecílio Hallak","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Schizophrenia patients present poorer social cognition skills related to altered default mode network (DMN) functioning. In this context, glutamate NMDA receptors is relevant, alongside the supplementation with a nitric oxide (NO) donor such as sodium nitroprusside.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This investigation concerned sodium nitroprusside's effects on schizophrenia patients' brain DMN functional connectivity using fMRI. In this open-label trial, we administered a 0.25 μg/kg/min sodium nitroprusside infusion over 12 minutes in three treatment groups: patients taking clozapine (n = 13), patients taking other antipsychotics than clozapine (n = 13), and healthy controls (n = 14). Functional MRI data was collected continuously before, during, and after sodium nitroprusside infusion. Symptom changes were evaluated with the Brief Psychotic Rating Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Considering only patient groups at baseline, there was no difference in connectivity. When comparing all patients to controls, patients presented increased activity in sub-regions of the default mode network and increased functional connectivity in the left supramarginal gyrus. During sodium nitroprusside infusion, there was greater functional connectivity in the left angular gyrus. Immediately after treatment, increased functional connectivity in the bilateral medial temporal gyrus and the left supramarginal gyrus was found in patients compared to controls. There were no significant differences between patient groups in any timepoint or changes in symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the results presented are preliminary, composing of a small sample and dosage, this work demonstrated for the first time that sodium nitroprusside modulates brain connectivity in healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia. Future research is warranted to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clarifications and Perspectives on Mental Health Assessment During the Pandemic.","authors":"Cristofthe J Fernandes, Félix Neto, Patrício Costa","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4296","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"120 Years Since the Birth of Nise da Silveira - The Legacy of the Humanization of Psychiatry.","authors":"Pablo E P Dutra, Antonio E Nardi","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4339","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Tax on Alcoholic Beverages in Brazil: The Next Step for an Effective Tax Policy to Reduce Health Harms.","authors":"Andre Akira Sueno Goldani, Zila Sanchez, Cristhian Ferreira Falleiro, Silvia Bassani Schuch-Goi, Felix Henrique Paim Kessler, Lisia von Diemen","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4245","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carol Sonenreich and Depression Psychopathology.","authors":"Felipe S Arruda, Igor Studart","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated movement analysis predicts transition to non-psychotic disorders in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis.","authors":"Ana Caroline Lopes-Rocha, Cheryl Mary Corcoran, Felipe Argolo, Andrea Fontes Jafet, Anderson Ara, João Medrado Gondim, Natalia Mansur Haddad, Leonardo Peroni de Jesus, Mauricio Henriques Serpa, Martinus Theodorus van de Bilt, Wagner Farid Gattaz, Guillermo Cecchi, Alexandre Andrade Loch","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2024-3919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Ultra-high risk (UHR) criteria were developed to identify prodromal symptoms of psychosis, but most individuals do not transition. This highlights the need to identify transition markers like movement analysis. In the first stage of our study, movement analysis differentiated UHR from controls, showing reduced movement and increased erraticism. Our aim is to verify if these variables can predict UHR outcomes after follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>UHR individuals were recorded performing two speech tasks at baseline. Videos were analyzed using motion energy analysis (MEA) for head and torso movements-mean amplitude, frequency, and variability-and manually coded for gesticulation. After follow-up, 7 UHR converted to psychosis, 21 to other DSM-5 disorders (GD), and 18 did not convert (NC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The GD group showed lower torso frequency and higher variability in both regions compared to Psychosis, as well as greater variability for torso when compared with NC. No differences were found between Psychosis and NC. Gesticulation did not differ between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Baseline movement variability distinguishes UHR transition outcomes, with higher variability seen in those converting to non-psychotic disorders. This supports the importance of movement analysis as a potential transition marker and suggests that treating UHR individuals as a single group may overlook important information.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Care Utilization and All-cause Mortality among Older Adults with Major Psychiatric Disorders: A 5-year Prospective Multicenter Study.","authors":"Katayoun Rezaei, Marina Sánchez-Rico, Pierre Lavaud, Cécile Hanon, Emmanuel Leleu, Frédéric Limosin, Nicolas Hoertel","doi":"10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>As the population ages, the number of older adults with psychiatric disorders in long-term care facilities is expected to importantly increase. To our knowledge, no study to date has examined the association of long-term care utilization with all-cause mortality among older adults with psychiatric disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this report, we used data from the \"Cohort of individuals with Schizophrenia, bipolar and major depressive disorder aged 55 years or more (CSA)\", a 5-year prospective multicenter study, to examine this association. All analyses were adjusted for a wide range of potential confounders, including sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and psychotropic medication use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of long-term care utilization was 23.6% (n=132) among 559 older adults with major psychiatric disorders. Living in long-term care utilization was significantly and independently associated with increased all-cause mortality in both the crude (OR=2.54; 95%CI=1.67-3.87; p<0.001) and fully-adjusted multivariable logistic regression models (AOR=1.86; 95%CI=1.10-3.16; p=0.021). This association did not significantly vary across most subgroups defined by sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this multicenter prospective observational study of older adults with major psychiatric disorders, long-term care utilization was significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality. Physicians and policy makers should take this association under careful consideration.</p>","PeriodicalId":520767,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}