{"title":"Matériels sur tout + gérondif","authors":"Oreste Floquet","doi":"10.4000/DISCOURS.8962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/DISCOURS.8962","url":null,"abstract":"Le but de cet article est d’apporter de nouvelles donnees sur la sequence « tout + gerondif » en francais contemporain, en utilisant des analyses quantitatives (deux corpus oraux, un corpus ecrit) et qualitatives (tests metalinguistiques de paraphrase et d’acceptabilite). D’un point de vue quantitatif, il semblerait emerger que tout + gerondif soit une forme tres peu frequente, generalement placee apres le verbe recteur, et qu’on emploie de preference avec des predicats ateliques. D’un point de vue qualitatif, on peut constater que l’eventail de possibilites syntactiques et semantiques de tout + gerondif est plus ample que celui qui a ete propose par les analyses introspectives precedentes et que les valeurs que les locuteurs choisissent suivent une certaine logique. Les donnees semblent montrer aussi qu’au-dela de l’opposition et de la simultaneite, tout + gerondif pourrait indiquer le cadre temporel, l’inclusion et la cause. Par ailleurs, cette tournure semble tolerer un sujet implicite different du sujet du verbe support. Pour finir, puisque tout + gerondif fonctionne probablement comme un « converbe de phrase » (mettant donc en correlation deux propositions plus ou moins autonomes), il ne peut pas indiquer la maniere.","PeriodicalId":51977,"journal":{"name":"Discours-Revue de Linguistique Psycholinguistique et Informatique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2014-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76866156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Des « craintes légitimes » aux « craintes irrationnelles » : analyse argumentative de l’inscription des modalités appréciatives dans les textes du débat public sur les nanotechnologies","authors":"Assimakis Tseronis","doi":"10.4000/DISCOURS.8949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/DISCOURS.8949","url":null,"abstract":"Dans cet article, on etudie comment les modalites appreciatives peuvent etre interpretees quand elles sont inscrites dans les enonces d’un discours argumentatif. Le but est d’identifier l’effet strategique que la presence de modalites appreciatives peut avoir. Cet effet depend du role argumentatif que joue, dans le debat, l’enonce dans lequel la modalite apparait. A partir d’un corpus de 51 textes produits dans le cadre du debat public sur les nanotechnologies organise en France entre 2009 et 2010, on cherche a illustrer les deux modes differents d’inscription de la modalite appreciative (integree et detachee) et a decrire leur effet respectif dans l’enonce-these et dans l’enonce-argument.","PeriodicalId":51977,"journal":{"name":"Discours-Revue de Linguistique Psycholinguistique et Informatique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2014-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82206381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"La focalisation des conditionnelles","authors":"Gilles Corminboeuf","doi":"10.4000/DISCOURS.8903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/DISCOURS.8903","url":null,"abstract":"L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier les differents moyens syntaxiques dont dispose le francais pour focaliser les circonstants en si, dans des constructions du type {si P, Q} et du type {Q si P}. Considerer que le constituant si P puisse occuper une position de focus n’est pas si anodin, puisqu’on tient generalement pour acquis depuis Haiman (1978) que « conditionals are topics ». La litterature scientifique s’est peu interessee aux cas ou si P a un statut informationnel de focus. L’analyse porte sur trois classes de faits ou la proposition si P est promue informationnellement : d’une part, des propositions si P placees dans le champ d’un operateur (negation, restriction) ou dans un dispositif (clivage, pseudo-clivage). D’autre part, des propositions si P en contexte d’enchâssement. Enfin, des propositions si P orphelines de leur terme Q, comme « Et si on allait au cinema ? ». D’un point de vue syntaxique, si P implique la presence de Q, mais d’un point de vue informationnel, la situation s’inverse : une contrainte d’informativite rend l’element si P ineluctable. L’etude montre qu’il existe des circonstants en si qui ont systematiquement un statut de topique (les conditionnelles dites « factuelles ») et qu’il existe egalement des circonstants en si qui ont toujours un statut de focus (certaines propositions si P comparatives, enchâssees, ou presentant une ellipse de Q).","PeriodicalId":51977,"journal":{"name":"Discours-Revue de Linguistique Psycholinguistique et Informatique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2014-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73210765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parenthèses et ruptures énonciatives en langue des signes française","authors":"Annie Risler","doi":"10.4000/DISCOURS.8893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/DISCOURS.8893","url":null,"abstract":"Y a-t-il des parentheses en langues des signes ? Le concept de parenthese applique a un discours oral renvoie a une forme particuliere d’incise, bornee a droite et a gauche, et determinee par des caracteristiques prosodiques, syntaxiques et discursives. Le travail presente ici etudie ce type particulier de discontinuite enonciative en langue des signes francaise (LSF). Il met en evidence l’existence d’incises bornees a droite et a gauche par des formes de relance syntaxique tout a fait comparables a ce qui peut etre observe dans des langues vocales. Le regard et la posture apparaissent comme les marqueurs cruciaux de l’inscription spatiale des relations syntaxiques et de l’ancrage enonciatif.","PeriodicalId":51977,"journal":{"name":"Discours-Revue de Linguistique Psycholinguistique et Informatique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2014-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75006712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Étude comparée de l’usage parenthétique des verbes épistémiques dans trois langues romanes","authors":"G. Hassler","doi":"10.4000/DISCOURS.8888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/DISCOURS.8888","url":null,"abstract":"Dans cette contribution, nous etudierons le comportement syntaxique de verbes epistemiques francais, espagnols et portugais qui permettent un emploi parenthetique dans toutes ces langues, mais avec des differences dans leur frequence, dans leur emploi courant et dans leur position. Nous presenterons une analyse comparative, basee sur des corpus, du comportement syntaxique des verbes epistemiques dans les langues etudiees. Dans cette etude diachronique de l’usage parenthetique des verbes epistemiques, nous chercherons a savoir s’il y a eu une grammaticalisation dans laquelle les verbes auraient acquis un statut semblable a celui des adverbes. Dans un processus de grammaticalisation apparaissent de nouvelles unites dont la signification ne peut plus etre deduite des elements initiaux et qui ont eventuellement subi un processus de reduction ou de fusion. Ce n’est pas le cas des verbes epistemiques. Il sera donc propose de considerer le developpement diachronique des verbes epistemiques comme un cas de pragmaticalisation, ce qui est confirme par l’exemple du francais, puisque l’usage parenthetique peut s’observer dans des textes anciens. Nous chercherons a demontrer l’hypothese selon laquelle la frequence de l’usage parenthetique, present depuis longtemps dans le systeme de la langue, a ete intensifiee par des conditions pragmatiques favorables.","PeriodicalId":51977,"journal":{"name":"Discours-Revue de Linguistique Psycholinguistique et Informatique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2014-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82029051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jæʕne dans le discours des Libanais : pragmaticalisation, distribution et emplois d’un marqueur discursif déverbal","authors":"Layal Kanaan","doi":"10.4000/DISCOURS.8856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/DISCOURS.8856","url":null,"abstract":"Jaeʕne, marqueur issu des dialectes libanais, syrien, palestinien et egyptien, a ete rencontre dans le cadre d’un travail de these consacre a l’etude de la reformulation dans les discours de Libanais francophones. Il s’agit de discours menes en francais au cours desquels les locuteurs emploient le marqueur de leur langue maternelle. C’est la frequence elevee du marqueur dans les donnees et dans les echanges des Libanais en general, ainsi que la diversite de ses emplois, qui ont justifie son etude. Jaeʕne presente le fonctionnement d’un marqueur discursif. Il peut etre traduit, selon ses emplois, par c’est-a-dire, je veux dire, tu veux dire, quoi ou meme par euh.L’article presente l’evolution de l’unite verbale d’origine, propositionnelle, vers l’unite conversationnelle qui releve de la categorie des marqueurs discursifs, et propose une typologie distributionnelle et fonctionnelle du marqueur dans le corpus, en prenant en compte la dimension prosodique. Jaeʕne partage certaines caracteristiques avec les verbes parenthetiques, a savoir son origine verbale, son figement morphologique, ses proprietes distributionnelles. En revanche, sa particularite reside dans son figement a la troisieme personne alors qu’on rencontre plus souvent les formes je trouve, tu sais ou I mean, a la premiere et la deuxieme personne (Thompson et Mulac, 1991).","PeriodicalId":51977,"journal":{"name":"Discours-Revue de Linguistique Psycholinguistique et Informatique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82269728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Syntactic and Prosodic Forms of First Names in Institutional Interaction Involving Multiple Participants","authors":"D. Voilmy, M. Wiklund","doi":"10.4000/DISCOURS.8869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/DISCOURS.8869","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines one aspect of turn-taking organization in institutional interactions: the use of first names and their prosodic marking for next-speaker selection. Institutional interaction is characterized by asymmetrical rights to talk and pre-allocation of action. This involves the restriction of one party to asking questions and the other to responding to them. The analysis focuses on two of these multiparty formal situations: co-present classroom participants and live interactive television broadcast with remote participants. In each context, turn allocation is determined by one party: the teacher or TV host. After asking a question as a sequence-initiating action, the teacher or host designates the next speaker by name. The use of first names is situatedly examined in terms of turn-taking organization and prosodic characteristics. The study examines how the prosodic marking is context-sensitive: do the participants have visual access to each other’s actions and how is a name used to attract attention? This paper analyses the formation and maintaining of a mutual orientation towards a single conversational action: selecting and giving the floor to a co-participant of the conversation in an institutional framework. These detailed descriptions of the sequential order are based on ethnomethodologically-informed conversation analysis. The objective is to compare four “single cases”, preserving the specificities and “whatness” of each excerpt.","PeriodicalId":51977,"journal":{"name":"Discours-Revue de Linguistique Psycholinguistique et Informatique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75812685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discourse Cohesion and Accessibility of Referents in Oral Narratives: A Comparison of L1 and L2 Acquisition of French and English","authors":"P. Leclercq, Ewa Lenart","doi":"10.4000/DISCOURS.8801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/DISCOURS.8801","url":null,"abstract":"Thiss study aims at comparing L1 and L2 acquisition processes through an analysis of the linguistic means used to ensure discourse cohesion in the oral narratives of French and English four-, seven- and ten-year-old children and of adult learners of these two languages. We focused on the use of high accessibility markers (HAM) (zero anaphora, subject and object pronouns) and low accessibility markers (LAM) (definite noun phrases) by the different groups of learners to analyze the way they maintained and switched reference to the protagonists of the story. Our results highlight a tendency to underspecification among children, who use HAM in a higher proportion than native adults and produce ambiguous forms in context; and a tendency to overspecification among adult advanced and intermediate L2 learners, who favour LAM even where pronouns could be envisaged. This might be explained by the impact of cognitive factors as well as crosslinguistic influences on the productions of L1 and L2 learners.","PeriodicalId":51977,"journal":{"name":"Discours-Revue de Linguistique Psycholinguistique et Informatique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2013-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74839338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Influence of Genre Constraints on Author Representation in Medical Research Articles. The French Indefinite Pronoun On in IMRAD Research Articles","authors":"Anje Müller Gjesdal","doi":"10.4000/DISCOURS.8770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/DISCOURS.8770","url":null,"abstract":"Scientific discourse is characterized by highly normative and strict genre constraints on language use, both on the macro (text) and micro (word) level. The purpose of this article is to study the distribution of the French indefinite pronoun on and its interpretative values across the sections of French-language medical articles (KIAP corpus) in the IMRAD format (Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion). The main hypothesis is that the IMRAD structure entails a specific distribution of macro level textual structures (author roles, argumentation, rhetorical functions), and that this is reflected in the distribution of micro level linguistic markers, such as the pronoun on. Previous studies based on a more limited material (Gjesdal, 2008) indicate that the variation in the interpretative values of on seems to be influenced by the IMRAD format, and, furthermore, that the different values seem to correspond to different author roles. Particular emphasis will be put on the influence of the linear sequencing of text imposed by the IMRAD format and the distribution of author roles and speech acts across the text.","PeriodicalId":51977,"journal":{"name":"Discours-Revue de Linguistique Psycholinguistique et Informatique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2013-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83646219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-Repair and Language Selection in Bilingual Speech Processing","authors":"Inga Hennecke","doi":"10.4000/DISCOURS.8789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/DISCOURS.8789","url":null,"abstract":"In psycholinguistic research the exact level of language selection in bilingual lexical access is still controversial and current models of bilingual speech production offer conflicting statements about the mechanisms and location of language selection. This paper aims to provide a corpus analysis of self-repair mechanisms in code-switching contexts of highly fluent bilingual speakers in order to gain further insights into bilingual speech production. The present paper follows the assumptions of the Selection by Proficiency model, which claims that language proficiency and lexical robustness determine the mechanism and level of language selection. In accordance with this hypothesis, highly fluent bilinguals select languages at a prelexical level, which should influence the occurrence of self-repairs in bilingual speech. A corpus of natural speech data of highly fluent and balanced bilingual French-English speakers of the Canadian French variety Franco-Manitoban serves as the basis for a detailed analysis of different self-repair mechanisms in code-switching environments. Although the speech data contain a large amount of code-switching, results reveal that only a few speech errors and self-repairs occur in direct code-switching environments. A detailed analysis of the respective starting point of code-switching and the different repair mechanisms supports the hypothesis that highly proficient bilinguals do not select languages at the lexical level.","PeriodicalId":51977,"journal":{"name":"Discours-Revue de Linguistique Psycholinguistique et Informatique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2013-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73223875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}