Infection and Chemotherapy最新文献

{"title":"<i>Infection & Chemotherapy</i>: The Experience of Journal Integration and Future Prospects.","authors":"Dong-Gun Lee","doi":"10.3947/ic.2024.0106","DOIUrl":"10.3947/ic.2024.0106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51616,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"56 3","pages":"409-410"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Tollerability of INI-Based 2-Drug Regimen in Virosuppressed Persons Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Antonio Russo, Salvatore Martini, Mariantonietta Pisaturo, Maria Grazia Palamone, Maria Teresa Russo, Verdiana Zollo, Roberta Palladino, Pierantonio Grimaldi, Alberto Borghetti, Giuseppe Vittorio De Socio, Massimiliano Fabbiani, Nicola Coppola","doi":"10.3947/ic.2024.0066","DOIUrl":"10.3947/ic.2024.0066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this meta-analysis was to synthesize the available evidence from the literature on the efficacy and safety of integrase inhibitor-based two drug regimens compared to triple drug regimens in virosuppressed people living with HIV (PLWH) in a long-term follow-up (at 96 weeks).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and adverse drug reactions leading to discontinuation of two drug regimens compared to triple drug regimens in virosuppressed PLWH patients at 96 weeks of follow-up. We searched MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library up to March 15, 2024, and studies were selected for eligibility based on predefined criteria. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers, and risk ratios (RRs) were calculated as the measure of association between therapy and incidence of events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six studies were included in the analysis, both clinical trials and observational studies. The two drug regimens included cabotegravir/rilpivirine, dolutegravir/lamivudine, and dolutegravir/rilpivirine. No significant differences were observed in treatment failure (RR, 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53-1.13; <i>P</i>=0.182), virological failure (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.48-1.29; <i>P</i>=0.341), adverse drug reactions leading to discontinuation (RR, 1.74; 95% CI, 0.73-4.17; <i>P</i>=0.215), or appearance of mutation (RR, 2.48; 95% CI, 0.33-18.68; <i>P</i>=0.379) between two drug regimen and triple drug regimen groups at 96 weeks of follow up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The meta-analysis provide an overview of the available evidence and supports the use of two drug regimens as an option for simplifying treatment and improving clinical outcomes in virosuppressed PLWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":51616,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"56 3","pages":"395-405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Clinical Outcomes of Solid Organ Transplant Recipients Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study.","authors":"Sudip Bhattacharya","doi":"10.3947/ic.2024.0064","DOIUrl":"10.3947/ic.2024.0064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51616,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"415-416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Prediction Model for the Risk of Infection in Patients with Aplastic Anemia: Survival Analysis in Recurrent Events.","authors":"Pirun Saelue, Thitichaya Penthinapong","doi":"10.3947/ic.2024.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2024.0045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In patients with aplastic anemia (AA), infection-related complications are the leading cause of mortality. However, limited knowledge about the predictive factors for infection in these patients exists. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate risk factors for infection and develop a risk prediction model for the occurrence of infection in patients with AA.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Between January 2004 and December 2020, 206 patients with AA ≥15 years of age were included in this study. Survival analysis using recurrent event methodologies was conducted to identify predictive factors associated with infection, including the Anderson and Gill model; Prentice, Williams, and Peterson (PWP) Total Time model; PWP Gap Time model; marginal model; and frailty models. The best model was determined using backward stepwise regression, and internal validation was performed using the Bootstrapping method with 500 re-samplings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With a median follow-up of 2.95 years, the incidence rate of infection among patients with AA was 32.8 events per 100 person-years. The PWP Total Time model revealed that cirrhosis comorbidity, lymphocytes ≥80%, and previous infection increased the risk of infection, while bone marrow cellularity ≥20% offered protection. The bone marrow cellularity, lymphocyte percentage, previous Infection, cirrhosis, and hematocrit (BLICH) model was generated to predict the risk of infection. The internal validation showed a good calibration of this model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cirrhosis, lymphocytes ≥80%, previous infection, and bone marrow cellularity <20% are risk factors for infection in patients with AA. The BLICH model can predict the risk of infection in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51616,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination and Associated Ethical Concerns.","authors":"Eric Fu, Ozdemir Erdemir, Khalil Pathan, Meaghan Brophy, Aidan Pettit","doi":"10.3947/ic.2024.0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2024.0070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since its Fast-Track approval by the Federal Drug Administration, the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has been marked by controversies. Unconfirmed reports of adverse events in both Japan and Denmark led to suspensions of national vaccination programs, which setback the fight against cervical cancer and associated mortality and morbidity. Despite follow-up studies of vaccine adverse reports, additional randomized control trials, and review reports from both the World Health Organization and the European Commission, there is still a great deal of hesitancy around the vaccine. While all three version of the HPV vaccine have been shown to be efficacious and safe, additional ethical dilemmas deserve to be considered as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":51616,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Usefulness of the Rapid Antigen Test in Detecting SARS-CoV-2 for Infection Control in Hospitals.","authors":"Sudip Bhattacharya","doi":"10.3947/ic.2024.0035","DOIUrl":"10.3947/ic.2024.0035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51616,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"282-283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11224031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141302006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and Tolerability of Dual Therapy with Dolutegravir Plus Darunavir/cobicistat in Treatment-Experienced Patients with HIV: A 144-Week Follow-Up.","authors":"Shin-Woo Kim, Hyun Wook Jang, Hyun-Ha Chang, Yoonjung Kim, Sohyun Bae","doi":"10.3947/ic.2024.0006","DOIUrl":"10.3947/ic.2024.0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A dual regimen with dolutegravir plus cobicistat-boosted darunavir (DTG+DRV/c) is a promising alternative for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with resistance or intolerance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, especially those with a history of treatment failure.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We included all treatment-experienced patients with HIV who switched to the DTG+DRV/c regimen at a tertiary university hospital. We assessed the regimen's effectiveness, safety, and tolerability through serial laboratory data and clinical findings. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with plasma HIV-RNA levels <50 copies/mL at week 144 post-switch. The secondary endpoints were safety and tolerability assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our retrospective analysis involved 40 patients. The leading reasons for switching to DTG+DRV/c were treatment failure in 17 patients (42.5%), simplification after multiple previous regimens in 15 (37.5%), and adverse drug reactions in 8 (20.0%). Among the 17 patients in the treatment failure group, we observed enhanced viral suppression and improved CD4+ T-cell counts after initiating the dual regimen. In the non-treatment failure group (23 patients), viral suppression and CD4+ T-cell levels were consistently maintained. No significant alterations in renal function, liver function, glucose levels, or lipid profiles were observed post-switch. High tolerability was observed, with 34/40 patients (85.0%) responding well to the regimen. However, six patients discontinued treatment before reaching the 144-week mark.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings confirm that DTG+DRV/c is an effective and well-tolerated switch therapy regimen for treatment-experienced patients with HIV, with sustained benefits observed for up to 144 weeks of follow-up. This regimen showed adaptability across different patient groups and demonstrated virological and immunological improvements, particularly in patients with a history of treatment failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":51616,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"247-255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11224033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141302001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply: Response to Usefulness of the Rapid Antigen Test in Detecting SARS-CoV-2 for Infection Control in Hospitals.","authors":"Jiwon Jung, Sung-Han Kim","doi":"10.3947/ic.2024.0036","DOIUrl":"10.3947/ic.2024.0036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51616,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"284-285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11224037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141302004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occult Amebiasis among Pediatric with Enterocolitis in National Referral Hospital in Indonesia.","authors":"Inawaty Inawaty, Ika Puspa Sari, Lisawati Susanto, Dwi Peni Kartikasari, Hanifah Oswari, Agnes Kurniawan","doi":"10.3947/ic.2023.0099","DOIUrl":"10.3947/ic.2023.0099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Enterocolitis and gastroenteritis remain major health problems, particularly in children living in developing countries. Intestinal protozoa, such as <i>Entamoeba histolytica, Blastocystis</i>, and <i>Cyclospora,</i> are frequently associated with these conditions. Amebic colitis can cause serious complications, including fulminant necrotizing colitis, toxic megacolon, extraintestinal amebiasis, and stunting in children. The diagnosis of amoebiasis is challenging, relying on microscopic examination, which cannot distinguish <i>E. histolytica</i> from the nonpathogenic <i>E. dispar</i> and <i>E. moshkovskii.</i> Therefore, this study aimed to identify intestinal parasites, particularly <i>Entamoeba</i>, their prevalence, and the clinical characteristics of patients admitted for enterocolitis and gastroenteritis at a tertiary-referral hospital.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted at a national, tertiary-referral government hospital, in Jakarta. Of the 111 retrieved medical records from hospitalized patients with enterocolitis and gastroenteritis, for which parasitology feces were examined, 54 fecal samples (48.6%) were still available in the parasitology laboratory storage. All fecal samples underwent the following tests: 1) direct stool examination, after staining with 1% Lugol's solution, and using the water-ether concentration method; 2) modified acid-fast staining for coccidian parasites; 3) Jones' culture medium to detect <i>Blastocystis</i>; 4) copro-antigen assay to detect <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and <i>Giardia;</i> and 5) a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to identify <i>Entamoeba</i>. Clinical and demographic data were obtained from the medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Largely, patients (44.1%) were from the cohort of young children ≤5 years old, followed by adults aged 19-60 years old (24.3%). Both cohorts exhibited polyparasitism. Intestinal parasites were detected in 17 out of the 54 samples (31.4%). These included 6 (11.1%), 2 (3.7%),5 (9.2%), 3 (5.5%), 2 (3.7%), and 1 (1.8%) samples that were positive for <i>Blastocystis</i>, <i>E dispar</i>, <i>E. histolytica, E. moshkovskii</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i>, and <i>Dientamoeba fragilis,</i> respectively. PCR analysis revealed that 10 samples were positive for <i>Entamoeba</i> infection, eight of which originated from pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>At a national tertiary-referral hospital in Indonesia, <i>Entamoeba</i> infection was the most prevalent parasite among pediatric patients with enterocolitis. <i>E. histolytica</i> and <i>E. moshkovskii</i> were the two main species identified by PCR. Therefore, PCR assays and fecal occult-blood tests are recommended in cases of enterocolitis and gastroenteritis.</p>","PeriodicalId":51616,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"230-238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11224034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141302002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Treatment for Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Complex Infections: A Review of Current Evidence.","authors":"Seong Jin Choi, Eu Suk Kim","doi":"10.3947/ic.2024.0055","DOIUrl":"10.3947/ic.2024.0055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbapenem-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> complex (CRAB) poses a significant global health challenge owing to its resistance to multiple antibiotics and limited treatment options. Polymyxin-based therapies have been widely used to treat CRAB infections; however, they are associated with high mortality rates and common adverse events such as nephrotoxicity. Recent developments include numerous observational studies and randomized clinical trials investigating antibiotic combinations, repurposing existing antibiotics, and the development of novel agents. Consequently, recommendations for treating CRAB are undergoing significant changes. The importance of colistin is decreasing, and the role of sulbactam, which exhibits direct antibacterial activity against <i>A. baumannii</i> complex, is being reassessed. High-dose ampicillin-sulbactam-based combination therapies, as well as combinations of sulbactam and durlobactam, which prevent the hydrolysis of sulbactam and binds to penicillin-binding protein 2, have shown promising results. This review introduces recent advancements in CRAB infection treatment based on clinical trial data, highlighting the need for optimized treatment protocols and comprehensive clinical trials to combat the evolving threat of CRAB effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":51616,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Chemotherapy","volume":"56 2","pages":"171-187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11224036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}