Journal of Global Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"IgM against Merozoite Surface Protein 1-Block 2 Haplotypes as New Tools for <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Infections.","authors":"Fernanda de Almeida Batalha, Elizangela Farias da Silva, Paula Taquita Serra, Rafaella Oliveira Dos Santos, Zeca Manuel Salimo, Yury de Oliveira Chaves, Mirian Ívens Fagundes, Paulo Emílio Feuser, Victor Costa de Souza, Felipe Gomes Naveca, Ricardo A Machado de Ávila, Paulo Afonso Nogueira","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_35_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_35_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The tools to distinguish relapse from reinfection are needed in malaria-endemic areas. We evaluated seroprevalence against sets of specific peptides to the block 2 region of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i>-merozoite surface protein-1 (PvMSP1) to detect parasite clones.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We applied amplicon deep sequencing (ADS) of block 2 region of the MSP-1 gene (<i>pvmsp1</i>) to determine cocirculating parasite clones within eight <i>P. vivax</i>-infected individuals. Based on this, a seroprevalence of IgM and IgG antibodies against sets of peptides of different block-2 haplotypes was validated. After, we evaluated the seroprevalence in plasma of 72 pregnant women, from which 31 had recurrent <i>P. vivax</i> infections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ADS revealed one block 2 haplotype clone infecting five of eight <i>P. vivax</i>-infected individuals. In all, IgM antibodies, not IgG, recognized only a set of peptides specific to the block 2 haplotype determined by ADS. In the other three patients, ADS determined three concurrent block 2 haplotype clones, among whom there was always one haplotype that predominated with more than 95% of high-quality reads and two other smaller haplotypes with up to 5% and the least was <1%. We observed higher IgM levels against haplotype-specific peptides corresponding to the predominant clone. The seroprevalence of pregnant women showed that anti-haplotype-specific IgM detected coinfection with parasite clones per pregnant woman and we also observed levels of anti-haplotype-specific IgM in primary infection increased in some recurrent episodes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IgM against sets of peptides specific to different <i>pvmsp1</i> haplotypes may be employed as a serological marker for parasite clones in vivax malaria.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 4","pages":"152-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nocardiosis in Renal Allograft Recipients.","authors":"Chilaka Rajesh, Athul Thomas, Jeethu Joseph Eapen, Sabina Yusuf, Elenjickal Elias John, Anna T Valson, Suceena Alexander, Vinoi George David, Joy Sarojini Michael, Santosh Varughese","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_81_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_81_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the study was to study the clinical profile and outcomes of nocardiosis in renal allograft recipients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study of clinical outcomes in consecutive renal allograft recipients with <i>Nocardia</i> infection over a 22-year period (2000-2022) from a tertiary care center in Southern India. The clinical data were obtained from electronic medical records and patient files.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1970 patients underwent renal transplantation at Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2022. During this period, 26 patients were diagnosed to have <i>Nocardia</i> infection. Half (50%) of the patients had fever and cough as their initial presentation, 7 (26.9%) patients presented with cutaneous abscesses, 2 (7.6%) patients were incidentally detected to have lung nodules during routine follow-up, 2 (7.6%) patients presented with headache accompanied by fever, and 3.8% had graft abscess. The diagnosis was made by isolating the organism in culture from one or more of the following samples: sputum, blood, pus, or lung biopsy (either computed tomography [CT]-guided or bronchoscopic aspirate culture). Eight patients required bronchoscopy and two patients required CT-guided biopsy for obtaining samples for diagnosis. All patients were similarly managed initially with a reduction of immunosuppression and appropriate antibiotics as per culture sensitivity. All 26 patients responded to induction treatment with meropenem (or imipenem) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) followed by maintenance treatment with co-trimoxazole. Five (19.2%) out of 26 patients received Minocycline in induction and maintenance treatment regimens as in four patients isolates were resistant and one patient had allergic reaction to Cotrimoxazole. All patients had stable graft function. Two patients succumbed after 2 months of diagnosis with Gram-negative sepsis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>At present, there exists no single serological test to diagnose <i>Nocardia</i> infection in patients. Multiple initially obtained cultures may be negative because of the slow growth of the organism and variable colony morphology. Hence, infected specimens should be obtained by aggressive approaches if the index of suspicion is high. Procedures such as bronchoscopic lavage and aspiration of abscess are invaluable toward making a diagnosis. In our study, eight patients required invasive diagnostic procedures such as bronchoalveolar lavage and CT-guided lung biopsy since initial Gram stain and sputum culture were negative. In conclusion, it is crucial to maintain a high level of suspicion and conduct thorough investigations among post renal transplant recipients. This approach facilitates early diagnosis, prompt initiation of appropriate treatment which helps prevent the spread of disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 4","pages":"135-139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety Evaluation of the Novel Cocktail of Monoclonal Antibodies for Postexposure Prophylaxis in Category III Animal Exposures.","authors":"Ravish Haradanahalli Shankaraiah, N R Ramesh Masthi, M K Poornima, Vinitha Kiruffi, S Sowmyashree, Trayambak Dutta, Manish Mahajan, Samir Desai","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_71_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_71_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Rabies monoclonal antibody (mAb) is a life-saving immune-biological for postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in all Category III animal exposures. A novel cocktail of mAbs derived using recombinant DNA technology is presently available for usage. The WHO recommends monitoring the clinical use and outcomes of mAb products.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An open-label, postmarketing study was conducted at the anti-rabies clinic in the southern part of India. PEP was provided to all the study participants per the national guidelines. All the subjects were assessed for any adverse events (AEs) following PEP up to 35 days; if any, were treated free of cost at the study center.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The present study included 309 subjects across all age groups, 59.2% were adults, 33.3% of children, and 7.5% elderly. Majority of the patients were exposed to dogs (89.6%) and most of them had lacerations (86.3%) in different parts of their body. A total of 19 (6.2%) AEs were reported. All the AEs were local reactions, namely pain (2.6%), erythema (1.4%), tenderness (1%), induration (0.6%), and swelling (0.6%). All reported AEs were mild (Grade 1 severity) and resolved completely with symptomatic treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The novel cocktail of mAbs was safe for PEP in Category III animal exposures across all the age groups and supports its continued and improved usage for Universal Health Coverage to prevent rabies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 4","pages":"140-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State of the Globe: Catheter-Related Persistent Candida Infections after Candida Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection.","authors":"Neeraj Kumar, Ryan Snitowsky","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_183_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_183_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 3","pages":"83-84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11606544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus-positive Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Continue to Have a Decline in Renal Function Irrespective of Tenofovir Usage.","authors":"Kavita Sanjeev Joshi, Viplove Fulsing Jadhao, Rushabh Gujarathi, Widhi Churiwala, Anuya Ajit Natu","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_125_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_125_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients may undergo renal damage due to disease or nephrotoxic drugs. Tenofovir has been associated with the development of renal impairment. The aim of this study was to compare trends in creatinine clearance (CrCl) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and to compare the same between patients on tenofovir- and nontenofovir-based regimens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study was conducted. We followed 244 patients for 2 years. The demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters of the patients were recorded at baseline, 1 year of therapy, and 2 years of therapy. The data were analyzed using dividing patients into tenofovir- and nontenofovir-based groups. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test, paired and unpaired <i>t</i>-tests, and Fisher's exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine in both groups were comparable at the start of the therapy. The decline in CrCl and eGFR in all patients on HAART for 2 years was statistically significant, irrespective of tenofovir usage. The mean decrease in eGFR in the tenofovir group was 12.4 mL/min/1.73 m² and in the nontenofovir group, 9 mL/min/1.73 m², though the differences between eGFR and CrCl were not significant between the two groups at any point.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Even though previous studies have suggested that HAART usage can slow the decline in kidney function in people living with HIV, patients who receive HAART still show a statistically significant decline in renal function parameters, akin to the observations of other such studies in low-resource settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 3","pages":"111-116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11606549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Scrub Typhus Encephalitis Assessment Tool for the Management of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome.","authors":"Rama Shankar Rath, Rizwan S Abdulkader, Neha Srivastava, Hirawati Deval, Urmila Gupta, Bhoopendra Sharma, Mahim Mittal, Vijay Singh, Manish Kumar, Pradip Kharya, Nivedita Gupta, Rajni Kant, Manoj Murhekar, Mahima Mittal","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_194_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_194_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is one of the important causes of mortality among children in India. Active management of the cases, followed by addressing the cause of AES, is the key strategy for preventing mortality. Lack of laboratory facility and difficulty of sampling blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for assessing causes is one of the important barriers to early initiation of treatment. The main objective of the study is to validate the Scrub Typhus Encephalitis Assessment Tool (SEAT) for the management of AES.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study is a continuation of a study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern Uttar Pradesh. A machine learning (LightGBM) model was built to predict the probability of scrub typhus diagnosis among patients with acute encephalitis. Three models were built: one with sociodemographic characters, the second with Model 1 variables and blood parameters, and the third with Model 2 variables and CSF parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sensitivity of diagnosing the scrub typhus case was 71%, 77.5%, and 83% in Model 1, Model 2, and Model 3, respectively, and specificity was 61.5%, 75.5%, and 76.3%, respectively, in the models. In Model 1 fever duration, in Models 2 and 3, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was the most important predictor for differentiating the scrub and nonscrub cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With the available sensitivity and specificity of the tool, the SEAT can be a valuable tool for the prediction of scrub typhus as a cause of AES cases in remote areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 3","pages":"92-97"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11606545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk Profile and Risk Scores of Antiretroviral Therapy-naïve HIV Patients in Eastern India.","authors":"Manaswi Chaubey, Jaya Chakravarty, Rishabh Gupta, Parth Jethwani, Rahul Puri, Shyam Sundar","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_29_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_29_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) are known to have an increased prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and are at a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study was done to assess the CVD risk factors in treatment naïve PLHIV in a center of the national program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional explorative study, traditional CVD risk factors were assessed, and 10-year Framingham and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score were calculated in treatment naïve PLHIV attending the antiretroviral therapy (ART) center, IMS, BHU.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 337 ART naïve patients. The prevalence of CVD risk factors in treatment naïve PLHIV - were low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (81.4%), high triglyceride levels (32.7%), smoking (32.3%), obesity (13.6%), hypertension (5%), diabetes (2.7%), and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (2.1%). Moderate-to-high 10-year Framingham Risk Score and American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology 10-year ASCVD risk score were 10.8% and 8.9%, respectively. In Framingham Risk Score, age ≥40 years (odds ratio [OR] - 131) (95% confidence interval [CI] - 6.5-1043) alcohol intake (OR - 5.14 [95% CI - 1.82-14.46] and presence of tuberculosis (OR - 4.78) (95% CI - 1.48-15.40), while in ASCVD risk score history of alcohol intake (OR - 26.20 [95% CI - 3.1-216.8] were at higher risk of CVD in multivariate variate analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CVD risk factors were common among ART naïve patient. Thus, screening, education, and treatment of CVD risk factors should be done in these patients at initiation of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 3","pages":"104-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11606546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Peculiar Case of Disseminated Melioidosis with Atypical Features Likely Linked to Bong/Water Pipe Use.","authors":"Kisen Jang, Anmol Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_5_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_5_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melioidosis, caused by <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i>, is a challenging infectious disease with global implications, primarily affecting Southeast Asia. We present the case of a 24-year-old male with a curious history of tobacco use, presenting with fevers, weight loss, and genitourinary symptoms. Diagnostic challenges arose as symptoms mimicked other diseases. Disseminated melioidosis was confirmed via Gram staining and positron emission tomography scan findings, emphasizing the disease's diverse clinical manifestations. Treatment with ceftazidime and cotrimoxazole led to prompt recovery. Notably, the patient's tobacco use linked to contaminated water highlights a unique transmission route. This case underscores the need for heightened awareness and preventive measures in endemic regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 4","pages":"183-185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Features of <i>Candida</i> Catheter-related Bloodstream Infections and Persistent Infections Associated with Early Catheter Reinsertion: A 6-year Retrospective Study.","authors":"Takehito Kobayashi, Itaru Nakamura, Masaki Machida, Hidehiro Watanabe","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_17_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_17_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Catheter-related persistent <i>Candida</i> infections (CRPCI) may develop after <i>Candida</i> catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) due to colonization of the newly inserted catheter. However, the optimal timing for new catheter insertion remains controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical features of CRBSI due to <i>Candida</i> species and CRPCI. This was a retrospective study conducted in a teaching hospital in Japan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively collected clinical information on hospitalized patients diagnosed with <i>Candida</i> CRBSIs by catheter tip culture from 2015 to 2020. CRPCI was defined as the growth of the same <i>Candida</i> species from the tip culture of a newly inserted catheter after the onset of a <i>Candida</i> CRBSI. The Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare differences between the case and control groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-three cases of <i>Candida</i> CRBSI were collected. Fifty-four (85.7%) received total parenteral nutrition. CRPCI developed in 12 (48%) patients of the 25 in whom cultures of newly inserted catheters were performed. Despite antifungal therapy in these patients, persistent fungemia incidence was significantly higher (50.0% vs. 9.1%, odds ratio = 10.0, <i>P</i> = 0.033). The mean number of days from removal of infected catheter to reinsertion was significantly shorter for patients with CRPCI (0.27 days vs. 3.08 days, <i>P</i> = 0.038).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Total parenteral nutrition may be a major risk factor in the development of <i>Candida</i> CRBSI. CRPCI often leads to persistent fungemia. Early insertion of a new catheter after removal of an infected catheter may be a risk factor for CRPCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 3","pages":"85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11606547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal Pneumonia in a Diabetic Female Masquerading as Primary Lung Cancer.","authors":"Vishal Mangal, Sudipt Adhikari, Yadvir Garg, Anil Vasudev","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_160_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_160_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Aspergillus</i> is a ubiquitous saprophytic mold that humans and animals constantly inhale. In health, the conidia are eliminated by the innate immune system. However, a subset of individuals with risk factors such as neutropenia, receiving high doses of glucocorticoids or certain biologicals, and recipients of hematopoietic or solid-organ transplants develop invasive aspergillosis. The mortality associated with invasive aspergillosis is 42%-64%. The early diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients without classical risk factors remains challenging. We present a case of an elderly female with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus who presented with acute-onset chest pain, breathlessness, and cough without expectoration. On evaluation, her chest radiograph showed a mass lesion in the right upper zone. ¹⁸Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography-computed tomography showed two FDG-avid lesions in the apical and medial segment of the right upper lobe. The lung biopsy was negative for malignancy; however, she was diagnosed with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis based on serum and bronchoalveolar fluid galactomannan positivity. She was managed with voriconazole with complete resolution of the lesion.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 3","pages":"117-119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11606551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}