Journal of Global Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Neonatal Meningitis Secondary to <i>Elizabethkingia meningoseptica</i> Infection.","authors":"Srishti Goel,&nbsp;Sandeep Dayanand Jhajra,&nbsp;Sushma Nangia,&nbsp;Ajay Kumar,&nbsp;Debasish Nanda","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_111_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_111_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Elizabethkingia meningoseptica</i>, a rare cause of sepsis and meningitis in neonates, often associated with a wide spectrum of clinical presentation. The objective of the study was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcome of neonates, who developed meningitis secondary to <i>Elizabethkingia meningoseptica</i> infection at a tertiary care Neonatal unit in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted in the neonatal unit of a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi. The clinical data including demographic data, clinical presentation, management, and outcome data were collected and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study, 7 neonates with meningitis secondary to <i>Elizabethkingia</i> infection were identified. Majority of the neonates were preterm with a median gestational age of 31 (interquartile range: 29-33.5) weeks and a median birth weight of 1250 g (interquartile range: 1024-2065). The median age of onset of symptoms was 7 days. Lethargy (100%), apnea (85%), seizure (71%), and feeding difficulties (42%) were the common clinical presentations. Overall mortality during the period was 28.5%, and 60% of the survivor developed hydrocephalus. Isolated strains were resistant to the commonly used antibiotics (piperacillin-tazobactam, aminoglycosides, meropenem, and colistin) effective against Gram-negative organisms. The environmental screening was done but the potential source of infection could not be identified conclusively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Meningitis in neonates caused by <i>Elizabethkingia</i> represents a potentially life-threatening infection and is often associated with significant neurological impairment, especially in premature neonates. A prolonged duration of antibiotic therapy, longer hospital stay, and likelihood of adverse neurologic sequelae during the hospital stay and follow-up should be anticipated in such cases of meningitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e3/53/JGID-15-23.PMC10118212.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9443847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infectious Mononucleosis Presenting as Near-Fatal Tracheal Obstruction.","authors":"Sunil Kumar,&nbsp;Sanyukta Hepat,&nbsp;Sourya Acharya,&nbsp;Samarth Shukla,&nbsp;Shraddha Jain,&nbsp;Abhijit Wadekar,&nbsp;Gaurav Jagtap,&nbsp;Siva Reddy","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_38_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_38_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious mononucleosis (IM) caused by Epstein-Barr virus is a self-limiting condition and usually carries a benign course. It is usually seen in adolescents and young adults. However, complications can occur in a small percentage of patients such as splenic rupture, myocarditis, and meningitis. Tracheal obstruction as a result of IM is extremely rare. In this case report, we highlighted a rare complication of nearly fatal tracheal obstruction in a young patient of IM that was managed timely by emergency tracheostomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d5/73/JGID-15-28.PMC10118205.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9443848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dengue Hemorrhagic Encephalitis in Dengue Epidemic.","authors":"Prabhat Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Ankita Sheoran,&nbsp;Pradeep Tetarwal,&nbsp;Pratap Singh,&nbsp;Priyanka Singh","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_147_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_147_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6a/4e/JGID-15-37.PMC10118216.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9444325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Aerosol Boxes for Endotracheal Intubation during the COVID-19 Pandemic with Systematic Review.","authors":"R Ajay Christopher,&nbsp;Aparna Lohanathan,&nbsp;Darpanarayan Hazra,&nbsp;Rathijit Pal,&nbsp;Vaishnavi Vegiraju,&nbsp;Kundavaram Paul Prabhakar Abhilash","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_165_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_165_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, endotracheal intubation using an aerosol box (AB) became the norm in the emergency department (ED) and the intensive care unit. We compared two models of AB with different dimensions to compare and identify a device that helps in reducing viral exposure without compromising successful airway management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted this prospective observational study for 7 months (October 20-April 21) on 143 patients presenting with an acute airway compromise to the ED. All intubations were performed using one of the two models available. The primary outcome was time taken for intubation (TTI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall median time taken to intubate using any AB was 63 (interquartile range [IQR]: 46.2-87.7) s with an 81.9% first-pass success (FPS) rate. TTI for AB I was 67 (IQR: 53-106) s with a 76.3% FPS rate, while TTI for AB II was 57 (IQR: 44-75) s with an 85.9% FPS rate. TTI was much shorter without the use of an AB (34: IQR: 24-53 s) with a 92% FPS rate. Intubations done by emergency physicians with more than 2 years of experience were faster in both with or without AB when compared to intubations done by physicians with <2 years of experience.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of an AB is associated with a longer TTI when compared to intubations done without an AB. TTI was relatively shorter when more experienced emergency physicians performed intubation. FPS rates were low with intubations done using AB.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/24/41/JGID-15-6.PMC10118207.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9741113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capsule-Deficient Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Diagnostic Conundrum.","authors":"Trupti Shende, Gagandeep Singh, Immaculata Xess, Swati Khullar, Renu Kumari Yadav, Reshu Agarwal, M Vasantha Padma Srivastava","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_255_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_255_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryptococcosis is a serious systemic mycosis. Its incidence has escalated in the past four decades. <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> causes localized or disseminated infection in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. The capsulated form is commonly encountered which can be diagnosed on an India ink preparation or antigen detection. However, the noncapsulated forms are very rare and require a high index of suspicion for correct diagnosis. Herein, we present a case of cryptococcal meningitis due to a noncapsulated strain in an apparently immunocompetent patient with no proven immunodeficiencies along with review of world literature. Such cases are a diagnostic challenge for the clinician as well as microbiologist.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c8/2d/JGID-14-165.PMC9831207.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10528313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Delftia acidovorans</i>: An Unusual Pathogen from an Adenocarcinoma Lung Patient with Pleural Effusion.","authors":"Sujata Lall,&nbsp;Vivek Bhat,&nbsp;Sanjay Biswas,&nbsp;Amit Joshi,&nbsp;Amit Janu","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_66_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_66_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Delftia acidovorans (D. acidovorans)</i> is an aerobic, nonfermentative Gram-negative bacillus infrequently isolated from clinical specimens. The pathogenicity and clinical significance of the organism has not been ascertained due to uncommon clinical isolation and suspected low virulence. The organism has been reported to be inherently resistant to aminoglycoside group of drugs which remain as a widely used first-line drug of choice for febrile neutropenic patients. Hereby, we report a case of <i>D. acidovorans-</i>associated pleural effusion in a patient of metastatic adenocarcinoma diagnosed and treated timely and successfully with appropriate antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e5/ad/JGID-15-121.PMC10549903.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41173492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purpura Fulminans and Spotted Fever: A Case Series from South India.","authors":"Karthik Gunasekaran,&nbsp;Divyaa Elangovan,&nbsp;Susmitha Perumalla,&nbsp;Kundavaram Paul Prabhakar Abhilash,&nbsp;John Antony Jude Prakash","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_297_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_297_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpura fulminans (PF) is associated with acute infections such as meningococcal, staphylococcal, streptococcal, and rickettsial infections. However, there are only a few reports of association of PF with rickettsial fever from India. In this case series of seven adults with PF, four were definitive cases of spotted fever as the ompA real-time polymerase chain reaction was positive. The other three adults were probable cases of spotted fever, as they were positive by immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and their fever subsided within 72 h of rickettsia-specific therapy. Three of the seven patients had peripheral gangrene. These patients, despite presenting with severe spotted fever, had a favorable outcome. This is attributed to the high index of suspicion and early treatment supported by diagnostic assays.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2f/47/JGID-14-162.PMC9831211.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10528315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Prevalence of Fungal and NDM-OXA Producing Gram-Negative Bacterial Superinfections in the Second Wave of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in India: Experience from a Dedicated Coronavirus Disease 2019 Hospital in North India.","authors":"Omika Katoch,&nbsp;Neha Sharad,&nbsp;Parul Singh,&nbsp;Sharad Srivastav,&nbsp;Richa Aggrawal,&nbsp;Rajesh Malhotra,&nbsp;Purva Mathur","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_238_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_238_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>During the second wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), superinfection caused by fungus and multidrug-resistant bacteria worsened the severity of illness in COVID-19 patients. Limited studies from India reported the antimicrobial resistance pattern of secondary infections. In this study, we aim to study the epidemiology of pathogens causing superinfections and genotyping of Gram-negative isolates in COVID-19 patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted at a dedicated COVID-19 center, India. The identification of bacteria/fungi was done by Vitek2^® and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry system. Identification of beta-lactamase genes was done using thermal cycler. The diagnosis of mucormycosis was based on 10% potassium hydroxide direct microscopy. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 15.1 (StataCorp., College Station, TX, USA). For continuous variables, mean and standard deviation were computed. For comparing proportions of secondary infections across admission location and outcomes, the Chi-squared test of independence was used. To compare the mean and median between intensive care units and outcomes, an independent <i>t</i>-test and a Mann-Whitney test were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of all the clinical samples, 45.4% of samples were cultured positive for secondary infections. <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (35%) was the most common Gram-negative pathogen, while among Gram positive, it was <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> (40%). Among fungus, Candida spp. (61%) predominates followed by molds. Colistin and tigecycline proved effective against these pathogens. <i>bla_NDM</i> was the most prevalent gene followed by the <i>bla_OX</i> among the carbapenemase genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The mortality rate among COVID-19 patients with secondary infection was significantly higher compared to the overall mortality rate in COVID-19 patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f2/27/JGID-14-154.PMC9831212.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10519053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-COVID-19 Cerebral Pheohyphomycosis due to <i>Rhinocladiella mackenziei</i>: A Middle Eastern Replica of Post-COVID-19 Mucormycosis?","authors":"Bhushan Sudhakar Wankhade,&nbsp;Ammar Mohamed Abdel Hadi,&nbsp;Ghaya Zeyad Alrais,&nbsp;Zeyad Faoor Alrais,&nbsp;Ahmad Elzayyat","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_105_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_105_22","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare‐associated infections (HAIs) are not uncommon after COVID‐19. Kubin et al. reported that the incidence of post‐COVID‐19 HAIs was around 12%.[1] Out of these, 57% were bacterial and 19% were fugal.[2] Although candidemia was the most common fungal infection, the Indian population witnessed the storm of “mucormycosis.”[2] The risk factors and the pathophysiology of post‐COVID‐19 mucormycosis are well described in medical literature.[2] Recently, we came across a case of “cerebral pheohyphomycosis (CH)” after COVID‐19.","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c9/43/JGID-14-173.PMC9831205.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10519049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Cause of Nonhealing Ulcer in an Immunocompetent Person.","authors":"Subodh K Mahto,&nbsp;Kritika Gupta,&nbsp;Ankita Sheoran,&nbsp;Nitasha Pasricha","doi":"10.4103/jgid.jgid_133_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_133_22","url":null,"abstract":"RefeRences 1. Kubin CJ, McConville TH, Dietz D, Zucker J, May M, Nelson B, et al. Characterization of bacterial and fungal infections in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 and factors associated with healthcare‐associated infections. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021;8:ofab201. 2. Sannathimmappa MB, Nambiar V, Aravindakshan R. Storm of a rare opportunistic life threatening mucormycosis among post COVID‐19 patients: A tale of two pathogens. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci 2022;12:38‐46. 3. Mohammadi R, Mohammadi A, Ashtari F, Khorvash F, Hakamifard A, Vaezi A, et al. Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis due to Rhinocladiella mackenziei in Persian Gulf region: A case and review. Mycoses Access this article online","PeriodicalId":51581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/68/9b/JGID-14-174.PMC9831214.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10519050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}