Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale最新文献_第3页

Determining the optimal environmental information for training computational models of lexical semantics and lexical organization. 确定训练词汇语义和词汇组织计算模型的最佳环境信息。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000344

Brendan T Johns

{"title":"Determining the optimal environmental information for training computational models of lexical semantics and lexical organization.","authors":"Brendan T Johns","doi":"10.1037/cep0000344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000344","url":null,"abstract":"Experiential theories of cognition propose that the external environment shapes cognitive processing, shifting emphasis from internal mechanisms to the learning of environmental structure. Computational modelling, particularly distributional models of lexical semantics (e.g., Landauer & Dumais, 1997) and models of lexical organization (e.g., Johns, 2021a), exemplifies this, highlights the influence of language experience on cognitive representations. While these models have been successful, comparatively less attention has been paid to the training materials used to train these models. Recent research has explored the role of social/communicatively oriented training materials on models of lexical semantics and organization (Johns, 2021a, 2021b, 2023, 2024), introducing discourse- and user-centred text training materials. However, determining the optimal training materials for these two model types remains an open question. This article addresses this problem by using experiential optimization (Johns, Jones, & Mewhort, 2019), which selects the materials that maximize model performance. This study will use experiential optimization to compare user-based and discourse-based corpora in optimizing models of lexical organization and semantics, offering insight into pathways towards integrating cognitive models in these areas. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":"78 3","pages":"163-173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142114611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forty years of research on mathematical cognition: Summing it up. 数学认知研究四十年：总结。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000337

Jo-Anne LeFevre

引用次数: 0

Ordinal processing differences between children with persistent dyscalculia and typically performing children. 患有持续性计算障碍的儿童与表现典型的儿童在序数处理方面的差异。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000343

Michael Slipenkyj, Jane Hutchison, Daniel Ansari, Ian M Lyons, Stephanie Bugden

{"title":"Ordinal processing differences between children with persistent dyscalculia and typically performing children.","authors":"Michael Slipenkyj, Jane Hutchison, Daniel Ansari, Ian M Lyons, Stephanie Bugden","doi":"10.1037/cep0000343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000343","url":null,"abstract":"Ordinal number processing skills are important for adults and children. Recent work demonstrates that children have difficulty with judging the ordinality of sequences that are in-order but do not match the typical count-list (i.e., in-order non-adjacent sequences, such as 2-4-6). Limited evidence in the literature suggests that dyscalculic children show a similar pattern of behavior. In the present study, we sought to explicitly test the hypothesis that children with developmental dyscalculia struggle primarily with extending notions of ordinality to sequences outside of the count-list. We test this hypothesis using a sample of children with persistent developmental dyscalculia, and a comparison group of typically performing children. Both groups completed an ordinality judgment task, in which triplet sequences were judged as being in-order (e.g., 3-4-5; 2-4-6) or in mixed-order (e.g., 3-5-4; 2-6-4). In line with our prediction, results demonstrate that children with persistent developmental dyscalculia make more errors, compared to typically performing children, but only on the in-order non-adjacent trials (e.g., 2-4-6). Broadly, this finding suggests that ordinality processing abilities are impaired in children with developmental dyscalculia, and that this characteristic appears primarily in extending notions of ordinality beyond adjacent sequences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142114610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Some challenges in using multilayer networks to bridge brain and mind. 利用多层网络连接大脑和思维的一些挑战。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000341

Michael S Vitevitch

引用次数: 0

Visualizing numbers: Investigating the effect of presentation format on emotional responses and performance in lottery tasks. 数字可视化：调查展示形式对彩票任务中情绪反应和表现的影响。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000330

Jakub Michalik, Lukasz Sumlinski, Agata Sobkow

{"title":"Visualizing numbers: Investigating the effect of presentation format on emotional responses and performance in lottery tasks.","authors":"Jakub Michalik, Lukasz Sumlinski, Agata Sobkow","doi":"10.1037/cep0000330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000330","url":null,"abstract":"Numeracy is the ability to understand, manipulate, and make sense of numerical information. It is crucial for everyday decision making that involves dealing with numbers. In this study, we tested whether we can help people make better choices in monetary lotteries by communicating numerical values (i.e., payoffs and probabilities) using visual aids. We also checked whether presenting this information in a visual form reduces affect negativity. Participants (N = 210) made choices in 10 monetary lotteries accompanied with visual aids (experimental condition) or without visual aids (control condition). After the lottery task, participants completed questionnaires measuring experienced emotions and numerical skills. Despite finding no hypothesized effect of visual aids on performance in a lottery task, the exploratory analysis revealed the interaction effect. In a visual aid condition, participants who were relatively less educated scored significantly higher in a lottery task in comparison to those in the control condition. Additionally, participants in the visual aid condition reported significantly lower intensity of negative emotions after the lottery task than those in the control condition. We discuss possible causes and mechanisms that can explain the results we obtained. We argue that visual aids are a promising tool for future learning, and their friendly format can positively influence people's reactions to decisions involving numerical information. However, we also point out the necessity for further research and exploration of the role of different designs of visual aids and individual differences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Profiles of preschoolers' numerical abilities across quantity representations. 学龄前儿童在数量表征方面的计算能力概况。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000339

Brianna L Devlin, Haobai Zhang, Amber Beliakoff, Dana Miller-Cotto, Alice Klein, Nancy C Jordan

{"title":"Profiles of preschoolers' numerical abilities across quantity representations.","authors":"Brianna L Devlin, Haobai Zhang, Amber Beliakoff, Dana Miller-Cotto, Alice Klein, Nancy C Jordan","doi":"10.1037/cep0000339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000339","url":null,"abstract":"Children's early numerical abilities shape their trajectories for math learning throughout schooling, and task quantity representation (e.g., nonsymbolic vs. symbolic) affects their reasoning about numerical concepts. The role of quantity representation in early numerical ability has typically been studied using variable-centered approaches. The present study builds on past work by using latent profile analysis as a person-centered approach to investigate heterogeneity in U.S. preschoolers' (N = 200, Mage = 4 years, 6 months) numerical abilities across nonsymbolic, verbal symbolic, and written symbolic representation types. The aim was to determine whether numerical ability indicators across the three representation types would result in empirically distinct ability profiles and whether preschool ability profile would predict variance on a standardized assessment of math achievement a year later, in kindergarten. We found evidence of four distinct preschool number ability profiles: (a) consistently low; (b) consistently high; (c) intermediate, with an advantage on nonsymbolic items; and (d) intermediate, with an advantage on verbal symbolic items. Although children in the consistently low and consistently high profiles performed reliably lower and higher, respectively, on the assessment of kindergarten math achievement, the two intermediate profiles performed similarly. The results reveal heterogeneity in preschool numerical ability across quantity representations and suggest that proficiency with either nonsymbolic or verbal representations may be a helpful foundation for building future math achievement. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How retrieval processes change with age: Exploring age differences in semantic network and retrieval dynamics. 检索过程如何随年龄变化：探索语义网络和检索动态的年龄差异。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000332

Mariana Teles, Isabelle Moore, Yoed N Kenett

{"title":"How retrieval processes change with age: Exploring age differences in semantic network and retrieval dynamics.","authors":"Mariana Teles, Isabelle Moore, Yoed N Kenett","doi":"10.1037/cep0000332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000332","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the impact of age on semantic memory networks and retrieval dynamics using a single-list free recall paradigm, involving 318 participants. The younger group, with 175 participants aged 25-55 years (M = 46.68 years; SD = 10.69), and the older group, consisting of 143 participants aged 61-88 years (M = 68.71 years; SD = 6.09), completed a word recall test to assess delayed recall performance. Semantic memory networks were constructed from recall data by analyzing the co-occurrence and sequence of recalled words. We observed significant differences in network structure, where the older group displayed higher average shortest path length and modularity values, indicative of less integrated networks, while the younger group exhibited a higher clustering coefficient, suggesting a more interconnected network. In terms of retrieval dynamics, both groups showed a temporal contiguity effect with forward asymmetry. However, this effect was less pronounced in older adults. The study also identified participants that diverted from the average dynamic curves: one subgroup relied on nontemporal mechanisms, and the other employed a backward direction in memory search. Participants utilizing forward temporal associations demonstrated the highest recall performance. Overall, our findings suggest that lower free recall performance in older adults may be related to a diminished capacity to reinstate temporal context for retrieval and distinct differences in their semantic memory network structure. Specifically, older adults appear to exhibit networks with a less flexible, small-world-like structure. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards mechanistic investigations of numerical and music cognition. 实现对数字和音乐认知的机理研究。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000336

Dominique T Vuvan, Jessica Sullivan

引用次数: 0

A novel demonstration of preparation in pop-out search. 弹出式搜索中准备工作的新演示。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000327

Ben Sclodnick, Hongjin Sun, Bruce Milliken

引用次数: 0

Measuring mislocalization of angle vertices. 测量角度顶点的错位。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000333

Pavle Valerjev, Marin Dujmović

{"title":"Measuring mislocalization of angle vertices.","authors":"Pavle Valerjev, Marin Dujmović","doi":"10.1037/cep0000333","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cep0000333","url":null,"abstract":"Localisation of simple stimuli such as angle vertices may contribute to a plethora of illusory effects. We focus on the Müller-Lyer illusion in an attempt to measure and characterise a more elementary effect that may contribute to the magnitude of said illusion. Perceived location error of angle vertices (a single set of Müller-Lyer fins) and arcs in a 2D plane was measured with the aim to provide clarification of ambiguous results from studies of angle localisation and expand the results to other types of stimuli. In three experiments, we utilised the method of constant stimuli in order to determine perceived locations of angle vertices (Experiments 1 and 2) as well as circular and elliptical arcs (Experiment 3). The results show significant distortions of perceived compared to objective vertex locations (all effect sizes d > 1.01, p < .001). Experiment 2 revealed strong effects of angle size and fin length on localisation error. Mislocalization was larger for more acute angles and longer angle fins (both ηp² = .43, p < .001). In Experiment 3, localisation errors were larger for longer arcs (ηp² = .19, p = .001) irrespective of shape (circular or elliptical). We discuss the effect in the context of modern trends in research of the Müller-Lyer illusion as well as the widely popular centroid theory. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":" ","pages":"88-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140899751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0