Applied Neuropsychology-Adult最新文献

{"title":"Cross-validation of verbal fluency measures as embedded performance validity tests in a clinical sample.","authors":"Keith Johnson, Lee Ashendorf","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2026.2704636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2026.2704636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the utility of the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT-FAS) and Animal Naming as embedded performance validity tests (PVTs) in a mixed clinical sample of 165 military veterans referred for neuropsychological evaluation. Participants had either a self-reported history of mild TBI or were referred for evaluation of possible ADHD. Participants were classified as credible (0 PVT failures; <i>n</i> = 92) or non-credible (≥2 PVT failures; <i>n</i> = 73). Classification accuracy was examined for COWAT and Animal Naming raw scores, demographically adjusted T-scores, and two previously published logistic regression models. Both verbal fluency measures significantly differentiated credible from non-credible groups. Optimal indices utilized COWAT raw scores, either alone or when embedded within the logistic regression formula. Findings support verbal fluency measures as efficient embedded, non-memory-based PVTs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148498254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidomain neurocognitive and attentional profile in adults with childhood-diagnosed specific learning disorder: An exploratory case-control study from Turkey.","authors":"Mesut Sari, Canan Ayvat, Mustafa Çobaner, Yasemin İmrek, Onur Koçhan, Ali Evren Tufan","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2026.2700776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2026.2700776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Adult outcomes of childhood-diagnosed specific learning disorder (SLD) remain insufficiently characterized, particularly in non-Western clinical samples. We examined the neuropsychological and attentional profile of Turkish adults with documented childhood SLD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this exploratory case-control study, 20 adults with childhood-diagnosed SLD and 20 age- and sex-comparable healthy controls completed a multimodal assessment including the Stroop Test-TBAG form, Digit Span, Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Self-Report Scale, Adult Reading History Questionnaire, and Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition-Clinician Version (SCID-5-CV) diagnostic interview. The prespecified primary outcome was Stroop total completion time. Four prespecified secondary outcomes-Stroop interference, Digit Span total, Digit Span forward, and Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Part A positive-item count-were corrected using Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate. Adjusted analyses used HC3 robust standard errors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adults with SLD showed substantially longer Stroop total completion time than controls, with a large adjusted group effect that remained robust after additional adjustment for education. All four secondary outcomes met the corrected significance threshold, indicating poorer interference control, lower verbal attention and working-memory performance, and higher adult ADHD symptom burden. Reading-history scores were also consistent with persistent self-reported difficulties.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adults with childhood-diagnosed SLD showed a measurable multidomain neuropsychological and attentional profile, supporting executive and attentional screening in adult SLD assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148498225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indicator-coded versus ordinal race/ethnicity variables in the Meyers neuropsychological battery: a proof-of-concept comparison.","authors":"Ronald M Miller, Samuel Redd Johnston, Lillian Dove J Meyers","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2026.2700665","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2026.2700665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Demographic variables such as age, education, sex, and race/ethnicity influence performance on neuropsychological tests. We present a proof-of-concept comparison of two approaches to incorporating race/ethnicity in regression-based norms for the Meyers Neuropsychological Battery (MNB). Linear regression models were developed on a reference dataset (<i>N</i> = 1,840) to predict T-scores from demographic predictors and raw scores, using either the MNB's existing single ordinal race/ethnicity variable or four indicator-coded variables. Models were applied to an independent sample (<i>N</i> = 10,778) to generate predicted scores and correction factors (actual minus predicted T-score). After Benjamini-Hochberg correction across 34 measures, only 3 (Trails B, Token Test, and Boston Naming) showed significant improvement with indicator coding. Delta R-squared analyses indicated that race/ethnicity indicators contributed 0.29% to 0.45% of unique variance. Correction factors for certain test-by-group combinations approached one standard deviation, but bootstrap confidence intervals revealed substantial instability attributable to small minority cell sizes in the development sample (e.g., <i>N</i> = 22 African American). These results suggest that race/ethnicity is a weak overall predictor once other demographics are controlled, though systematic prediction biases may exist for specific measures. The indicator-coded framework can in principle accommodate mixed racial/ethnic backgrounds, though this was not tested here.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148450354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lateralizing value of memory recognition index difference scores (RIDS) in patients with right versus left temporal lobe epilepsy.","authors":"Joseph J Boscarino, Michelle Hua, K Brianalysse Nicolena Cedeño, Sean Tran, Emily N Vanderbleek, Ferdinand E Korneli, Yolanda C Leon, Selim R Benbadis, Yarema B Bezchlibnyk, Mike R Schoenberg","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2026.2703874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2026.2703874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The lateralizing value of neuropsychological data remains an important topic. However, no research has examined the utility of Wechsler Memory Scale - Fourth Edition (WMS-IV) recognition memory composites and difference scores between these to assess their accuracy in differentiating patients with right temporal lobe epilepsy (RTLE) from left temporal lobe epilepsy (LTLE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational study analyzed archival data among 41 presurgical patients with TLE to examine the predictive utility of memory recognition indices and the difference score between these composites derived from the WMS-IV in differentiating seizure laterality. Independent t-tests, chi-square, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>23 LTLE patients (mean age = 36.48 years, SD = 10.15) and 18 RTLE patients (mean age = 42.78 years, SD = 13.22) were selected after being diagnosed based on concordant semiology, long-term video EEG monitoring, and neuroimaging. WMS-IV recognition index difference scores (RIDS) were significantly higher in RTLE than LTLE (<i>p</i> = .006, <i>d</i> = -.909). The WMS-IV RIDS was a significant predictor of seizure laterality after controlling for sex and yielded adequate accuracy in differentiating right and left TLE cases (AUC = .742).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current findings support the utility and adequate accuracy of the WMS-IV RIDS in improving neuropsychological lateralization in patients with TLE.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148450408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development of a normative data set for a number of classic tasks in neuropsychology assessing executive functions for use with young adults in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Mohammed R Alzahrani","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2026.2702492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2026.2702492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present research aimed to validate and standardize classic tasks in neuropsychology for the evaluation of executive functions in young adults from Saudi Arabia: Arabic Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT) FAS, Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT) and Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B). The sample mirrored the demographics of target population (e.g., age, gender, and socioeconomic status) to prevent bias. The population is divided into specific subgroups (strata), and participants were drawn proportionally from each group. Accordingly, 512 healthy young adults were evaluated. The study population ranged in age from 18 to 22 years (20 ± 2.8 years), of which 60% were men. The conditions of sampling adequacy (KMO = .85) and sphericity (<i>p</i> < .001) were satisfactorily met, as the model explains 59.4% of the total variance. For all tests direct and statistically significant correlations (<i>p</i> < .05) were found between measurements taken at different times by the same evaluator. This study analyzes the psychometric properties of the executive function instruments. As the results indicates, all tasks showed adequate internal consistency and inter- and intra-rater reliability, except for the COWAT-FAS, which lacked reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148450339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concordance between the Saint Louis University Mental Status exam and the repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status.","authors":"Zachary C Merz, Alexander M Eisenstein, Charlotte Payne, Matthew Harris","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2026.2699353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2026.2699353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A primary concern has long been understanding the construct validity of brief cognitive screening instruments, as well as item performance and the relationship to more established neuropsychological testing batteries. The current study sought to perform a more in-depth assessment of the construct validity one commonly utilized screening instrument (i.e., the Saint Louis University Mental Status examination or SLUMS) and its direct relationship with a more comprehensive neuropsychological testing battery (i.e., the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status or RBANS). Archival data was obtained from referrals for a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation at a private, mid-Atlantic medical center in the United States of America between 2021 and 2025. The final sample included 544 individuals who met inclusion criteria. Factor analytic procedures yielded a five-factor solution: (1) Orientation & Retrieval Memory, (2) Complex Attention/Construction, (3) Verbal Fluency, (4) Receptive Language, and (5) Verbal Learning, accounting for 57% total variance. Current results provide support for the use of the SLUMS as a valid screener of neurocognitive functioning, especially in settings when clinicians require a reliable measure of cognition but are limited by time constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Jugendwerk Dysphagia Emotion and Family Assessment (JDEFA) in Persian.","authors":"Niloofar Masoudian-Hosein Abad, Zahra Sadeghi, Akbar Banari, Mohsen Vahedi, Stefan Bushuven, Fatemeh Hassanati","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2026.2631127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2026.2631127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Dysphagia adversely impacts physical and emotional well-being in patients with neurological diseases and their family members. Given the detrimental emotional consequences of dysphagia for both patients and their family members, the imperative for a standardized assessment tool aiming to effectively enhance treatment outcomes is evident. The present study focused on the translation process, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Jugendwerk Dysphagia Emotion and Family Assessment (JDEFA) questionnaire in Persian. The P-JDEFA assesses familial and emotional aspects of dysphagia among patients and their family members.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The questionnaire was translated into Persian according to World Health Organization guidelines. We recruited 100 participants to validate the P-JDEFA questionnaire. Fifty patients and fifty of their family members completed the survey. Analysis was accomplished by parametric tests including Pearson correlation and independent t tests and construct validity was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis with Varimax rotation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Convergent validity was evaluated using the P-EAT-10. The 48-item questionnaire demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.91), and two distinct factors, \"emotion\" and \"family\", explained 47.7% of the total variance. Significant correlations were found between psycho-emotional symptoms, dysphagia severity, and neurologic disorder duration. Patients experience increased feelings of sadness, anxiety, and punishment compared to family members.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was evident that psycho-emotional difficulties are common in neurological patients with dysphagia and their family members. Our research provides a means for comprehensive evaluation of the psycho-emotional aspects of dysphagia within the framework of patient, family and health professional interactions in treatment planning and future investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Almost a coin flip: Chance-like performance on TOMM Trial 1 using a sham extrasensory perception condition.","authors":"Ivan Campbell, Nicholas Borgogna, Stephen Aita, Katherine Hernandez, Emilio Santa Cruz, Katherine Chan, Benjamin D Hill","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2026.2697489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2026.2697489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Binomial probabilities are used to interpret below chance performance on forced-choice validity tests, but this does not account for variance inherent in true random responding. This study examined random responding on Trial 1 of the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) using a novel experimental condition. Fifty-five undergraduates completed TOMM Trial 1 under sham instructions to induce random guessing. Total scores and item-level responses were tested against exact binomial probability assumptions. Mean Trial 1 performance was 25.96/50 (<i>SD</i> = 3.38, range = 17-33), significantly above nominal chance, <i>t</i>(54) = 2.12, <i>p</i> = .039. A 95% probability range would be 19-33/50, with the theoretical exact range being 18-32/50. Twelve TOMM 1 items deviated significantly from .50 after correction. Sham random responding on TOMM Trial 1 closely approximated the binomial model at the total-score level, with only small item-level departures from .50 producing a slight, clinically trivial upward shift in the mean. These data empirically support the continued use of binomial-based total-score interpretation for below-chance responding, while indicating that item-level probabilities are not perfectly uniform.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and normative data for the Multilingual Naming Test (MINT) in French-speaking Quebec adults over 40.","authors":"Felix-Etienne Colpron-Larin, Etienne Aumont, Samantha Schwartz, Laura-Maria Perez, Nesrine Rahmouni, Arthur Casa Macedo, Lydia Trudel, Delphine Oliva Lopez, Brandon Hall, Anna Marier, Thomas Carrier, Marie-Anne St-Georges, Jean-Christophe Maranda, Jenna Stevenson, Paolo Vitali, Maxime Montembeault, Pedro Rosa-Neto","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2026.2700399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2026.2700399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Picture naming tests are critical tools for assessing language and semantic memory deficits in dementia, but must be adapted to local cultural context. This study aimed to develop and validate a Quebec French version of the Multilingual Naming Test (MINT), including determining norms and assessing diagnostic accuracy of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Quebec French-speaking participants (<i>n</i> = 224) were drawn from the TRIAD Montreal cohort and the DEVOCS study and stratified into three subgroups using a double-threshold of quantitative (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) and qualitative (consensus diagnosis) assessments. Linear models were used to create norms and compare diagnostic groups; correspondence with the Boston Naming Test (BNT) used the equipercentile method. Item-specific analysis revealed that naming of three items was sex-dependent. We found significant effects of sex and education, and an interaction trend, on uncued MINT scores. The MINT showed high comparability to the BNT, and Receiver Operating Characteristic curves corroborated their similar diagnostic ability. The MINT performed better at discriminating dementia from cognitively unimpaired participants than at identifying MCI. Correcting for education and sex was necessary to obtain accurate scores. Our results show that the MINT is adequately valid and effective to replace the BNT in neuropsychological assessment in the Quebec French population.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148413676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and psychometric validation of the Indonesian Neurocognitive Semantic Association Test for Neurodegenerative Impairment (INSANI).","authors":"Fasihah Irfani Fitri, Dina Nazriani, Alfansuri Kadri","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2026.2700404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2026.2700404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by progressive language impairment, with semantic deficits as a core feature, particularly in the semantic variant. However, culturally appropriate tools for assessing semantic associations remain limited in the Indonesian context. This study aimed to develop and psychometrically validate the Indonesian Neurocognitive Semantic Association Test for Neurodegenerative Impairment (INSANI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>INSANI was developed using culturally adapted semantic association tasks across three domains: class membership, part-whole, and contiguity. Content validity was evaluated by expert neurologists and language specialists using the content validity index (CVI). A field study was conducted in 300 healthy Indonesian-speaking adults. Construct validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the initial 38 items, 33 were retained after content validation. CFA supported a refined 7-item model with good construct validity while maintaining representation across semantic domains. The final instrument demonstrated moderate internal consistency and high comprehensibility, indicating good psychometric performance and cultural appropriateness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>INSANI is a promising tool for assessing semantic associations in Indonesian-speaking populations, with potential clinical utility in diagnosing and monitoring PPA and related neurodegenerative disorders. Further validation in clinical populations is needed to establish its diagnostic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148413652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}