Applied Neuropsychology-Adult最新文献

{"title":"Case Series of neuropsychological assessment of Afghans in the United States: Healthy, malingering, and impaired profiles.","authors":"Amir Ramezani, Kaitlin Amanda Brewster, Julia Yousif, Negar Fazeli, Seyed Reza Alvani","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2501667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2501667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assessing bilingual Afghan Americans poses significant challenges for clinicians because of limited validated Farsi tests and norms. To better address existing limitations, case-based research can provide valuable insights into the cognitive and psychiatric conditions of Afghan Americans. The study utilized a case series design focusing on three Afghan American individuals selected for their diverse age groups, educational backgrounds, and clinical presentations to illustrate the neuropsychological assessment process. Each case was individually examined, allowing in-depth qualitative insights while highlighting common themes and challenges. Assessment measures were tailored for the bilingual Afghan population, using standardized cognitive tests for various functions and culturally relevant psychological evaluations to address mental health concerns. Following a review of these cases, the authors made key considerations and recommendations, including becoming familiar with non-English assessments. A list of terms is provided in English, Farsi, and Finglish (aka, Farsi written in English). Overall, the case presentations highlight the importance of culturally appropriate assessments and the need for special considerations when conducting a neuropsychological evaluation with Afghan Americans. Additionally, the authors provide insights for clinicians to enhance culturally informed practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and validity of the Turkish executive function performance test in people with stroke.","authors":"Damla Aygün Gürbüz, Leyla Kaya Öztürk, Keziban Temuçin, Sedanur Gürlek, Ebru Umay, Esra Akı","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2501670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2501670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT) is a performance-based test designed to assess parameters of executive function in instrumental activities of daily living. This study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish EFPT in people with stroke. The present study was carried out on 72 individuals with stroke (32 female, 40 male) undergoing inpatient care at Etlik City Hospital. Analyses of internal consistency, inter-rater reliability, and convergent and divergent validity were carried out. The mean age of the participants was 62.81 ± 12.33 years and the mean time since stroke was 19.96 ± 39.81 months. According to the reliability analysis, the Cronbach's alpha level of the Turkish EFPT was found to be excellent (0.92). The inter-rater reliability analysis showed a very good agreement (0.99). A significant and high correlation was found between the MMSE (<i>r</i> = -0.732; <i>p</i> < .001) and Turkish EFPT in convergent validity analysis. In divergent validity analysis, significant but weaker correlations were found between the Turkish EFPT and the FIM (<i>r</i> = -0.499; <i>p</i> < .001) and SIS (<i>r</i> = -0.381; <i>p</i> < .031). This study may provide preliminary evidence for the validity and reliability of the Turkish EFPT in individuals with stroke. The EFPT appears to be able to facilitate effective assessment of executive function in stroke rehabilitation, to help determine the level of assistance required for functional activities, and to assist in planning suitable interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activity memory in traumatic brain injury: The role of encoding and retrieval.","authors":"Walter D Lopez-Hernandez, Pavel Y Litvin, Jennifer Kung, Amy Bichlmeier, Heleya Rad, David J Hardy, Deborah Budding, Paul Vespa, David McArthur, David A Hovda, Ellen Woo, Joaquin M Fuster, Matthew J Wright","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2501662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2501662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Under incidental learning conditions, traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors exhibit worse recall and recognition for completed activities relative to healthy participants, but both groups demonstrate equivalent temporal order memory (TOM) for performed activities. We evaluated the role of encoding, consolidation, and retrieval in the activity memory (AM) in TBI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>25 TBI survivors and 24 healthy participants were compared. A battery of neuropsychological tests served as the \"activities.\" Activity ratings were completed after each test, to promote incidental learning. Following the last rating, AM trials were administered. Encoding, consolidation, and retrieval were assessed via Item Specific Deficit Approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age correcting ANCOVAs revealed worse AM recall in TBI participants, but equivalent TOM for activities. Hierarchical regressions showed that encoding predicted AM recall, but both encoding and retrieval predicted TOM for activities in the TBI group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TBI-related memory deficits for AM recall are related to encoding, like observations of verbal memory deficits in TBI. TOM performances were predicted by both encoding and retrieval, suggesting that temporal order for activities, may be partially encoded by nondeclarative memory processes. This finding is partially consistent with previous work, showing that enhancing encoding improves recall for activities, but not TOM for activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing the cognitive performance in cognitively unimpaired older adults and people living with Alzheimer's disease: Insights from a middle-income Latin American country.","authors":"Leticia Fernanda Palma, Rebeca Carvalho Bom, Karen Leticia Pulgatti, Vanessa Alexandre-Silva, Ana Julia de Lima Bomfim, Marcia Regina Cominetti, Lucas Nogueira de Carvalho Pelegrini","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2500649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2500649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low- and middle-income countries, such as Brazil, often face higher dementia risk due to factors like lower education levels, with up to 90% of dementia cases remaining undiagnosed. Understanding factors that contribute to the cognitive performance of older adults may support healthcare professionals from these countries in their decision-making process when screening for cognitive decline in their communities. This study investigates factors associated with cognitive performance in older adults from a Latin American country. This cross-sectional and analytical study involved 137 participants (84 cognitively unimpaired older adults and 53 people with Alzheimer's Disease) from Brazil. The assessment included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Memory Complaint Scale (MCS), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI-5), Katz scale, Lawton and Brody scale, and Pfeffer Functional Activity Questionnaire (PFAQ). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, linear regression, and mediation analysis, with a significance level set at <i>p</i><0.05. AD participants were older, had fewer years of formal education, showed poorer cognitive performance, and had lower functionality. Age, education, and functionality were significantly associated with cognitive performance. Mediation analysis showed that years of education mediated the relationship between functionality and cognitive performance. This study underscores the significance of age, education, and functionality as key factors in cognitive performance among older adults in Brazil, providing valuable knowledge for improving cognitive assessment practices in Latin American countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of cognitive training exercises on cognitive flexibility and anxiety symptoms in young adults - A randomized control study.","authors":"Mangani Mangalavalli Shanmugarajah, Dinesh Pal, Shree Mishra, Manish Goyal, Priyadarshini Mishra","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2500654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2500654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anxiety, a prevalent mental health issue, impairs cognitive flexibility, which is essential for situational adaptability. Improving cognitive flexibility through cognitive training may reduce anxiety through neuroplastic changes in brain networks. This study evaluated the efficacy of cognitive training exercises in improving cognitive flexibility and reducing anxiety symptoms in young adults. Thirty-four young adults (18-25 years) with HAM-A score > 17, were randomly divided equally into intervention group and nonintervention group. The intervention group underwent a three-week cognitive training module focusing on working memory, psychomotor skills, and cognitive flexibility, while the nonintervention group received no such training. Cognitive flexibility and anxiety levels were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Change in HAM-A scores was analyzed using linear regression controlling for other factors. Participants in the intervention group showed significantly greater reduction in HAM-A scores as compared to the nonintervention group (11.35 + 6.93 vs 3.35 + 5.56; <i>p</i> < 0.001). There was also a significant improvement in cognitive flexibility in intervention group as compared to nonintervention group. These preliminary findings suggest the role of cognitive training exercises in effectively improving cognitive flexibility and reducing anxiety symptoms in young adults, supporting its potential use as an adjunct to the standard clinical management of anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity assessment of early retirement claimants: Symptom overreporting on the Beck Depression Inventory - II.","authors":"Anselm B M Fuermaier, Brechje Dandachi-Fitzgerald, Johann Lehrner","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2206031","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2206031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) is a commonly used clinical measure; however, it contains no method to assess validity of self-report. The primary objective of this research was to examine the possibility of cut scores on the BDI-II indicating possible invalid symptom report in forensic neuropsychological evaluations. Secondary objectives were to explore the utility of education specific cut scores and the effects of the criterion for invalid symptom report.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two hundred and seventeen early retirement claimants (age range 19-64 years) presenting for forensic neuropsychological examination were considered for this study. Invalid symptom report was determined based on two independent self-report symptom validity tests. Further, all individuals completed the BDI-II as part of their routine assessment battery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with invalid symptom report (30.9%) showed significantly higher BDI-II scores compared to individuals passing symptom validity assessment. ROC analysis supports the utility of the BDI-II to differentiate valid from invalid symptom report, AUC = 0.822, <i>SE</i> = 0.032, <i>p</i> < .001, <i>95%-</i>CI = 0.760-0.884. A BDI-II cut score of 38 points reached a desired level of 0.90 specificity with 0.58 sensitivity. Secondary analysis indicated that the recommended cut score may vary depending on the educational level of the examinee. Further, results seem to be largely robust against the chosen criterion for invalid symptom report.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The BDI-II appears to be a useful adjunct embedded validity indicator in forensic neuropsychological evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"712-718"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9360965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of different representations of pictures on the activation of gender stereotypes.","authors":"Li Chen, Jiangxin Liu, Meiling Han, Yanxia Su","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2216330","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2216330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study is to explore whether there is N400 effect on the representation of gender stereotype in the different picture priming condition from the behavioral and ERP levels, and further explore whether there is hierarchical structure of upper category, secondary category, typical example and counter-example based on this. The results showed: (1) under the condition of picture priming, N400 effect would be induced when representing the conflict of gender stereotypes. (2) Category representation and example representation can activate different regions of the brain. When the priming stimulus was upper category (gender picture) and secondary category (occupational gender picture), N400 effect mainly appeared on the electrode of frontal region in left hemisphere. When the priming stimuli were typical example (typical example picture) and counter-example, the N400 effect mainly appeared on the electrodes in the frontal region of the right hemisphere.(3) the gender stereotype representation of picture activation has hierarchical structure, that is, N400 amplitude induced by upper category activation < secondary category activation < typical sample activation < counter-example activation. These findings suggest that the representation of gender stereotypes has a hierarchical structure at the picture level.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"811-820"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9519014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring attentional blink magnitude: Reliability and validity of a novel single-target rapid serial visual presentation task index in a psychiatric sample.","authors":"Chloe C Hudson, Jenna Traynor, Courtney Beard, Thröstur Björgvinsson, Marie Forgeard, Kean J Hsu","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2217312","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2217312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) tasks have been frequently used to assess attentional control in psychiatric samples; however, it is unclear whether RSVP tasks exhibits the psychometric properties necessary to assess these individual differences. In the current study, we examined the reliability and validity of single-target computerized RSVP task outcomes in a sample of 63 participants with moderate to severe psychiatric illness. At the group level, we observed the classical attentional blink phenomenon. At the individual level, conventional indices of attentional blink magnitude exhibited poor internal consistency. We empirically evaluated a novel index for assessing attentional blink magnitude using a single-target RSVP task that involves collapsing across experimental trials in which the attentional blink phenomenon occurs and disregarding performance on control trials, which suffer from ceiling effects. We found that this new index resulted in much improved reliability estimates. Both novel and conventional indices provided evidence of convergent validity. Consequently, this novel index may be worth examining and adopting for researchers interested in assessing individual differences in attentional blink magnitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"821-828"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9672488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower semantic verbal fluency at baseline indicates future decline in subjective cognitive decline.","authors":"Frédérique Roy-Côté, Isabelle Rouleau, Émilie Delage, Marc-Antoine Akzam-Ouellette, Sven Joubert","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2497923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2497923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) refers to a condition in which older adults are concerned that they are experiencing a decline in cognitive function. The risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) is significantly higher in older adults with SCD, as a proportion of them will go on to develop the disease over the years. Despite overall normal function on cognitive tests, evidence suggests that some SCD individuals may have circumscribed deficits in specific cognitive domains or tests. This study aimed to investigate semantic function in SCD, specifically by comparing the performance of SCD progressors (SCDp) - who fulfilled MCI criteria at follow-up, and SCD non-progressors (SCDnp) - who either remained stable or reverted to normal cognition. The main hypothesis was that the SCDp group would show significantly lower semantic performance than the SCDnp group at baseline. We also expected the SCDp group to decline faster on semantic tests at the two-year follow-up assessment than SCDnp. Data from the CIMA-Q cohort were analyzed. The SCDp and SCDnp groups were formed by precisely matching 25 participants from each group based on age and education levels. Both groups were compared in terms of neuropsychological performance at baseline and follow-up. Independent samples t-tests or ANCOVAs were used to measure baseline performance in the semantic domain and other cognitive domains. To study longitudinal changes in cognitive performance at follow-up, two-factor ANOVAs were performed. At baseline, SCDp participants performed significantly worse than SCDnp participants on the Category (semantic) fluency test, although this difference was not maintained at follow-up. No difference was found in other cognitive domains at baseline. Longitudinal analyses showed that a significant decline in MoCA score was observed in the SCDp group only. The results of this study suggest that reduced verbal semantic fluency in older people with SCD may indicate a higher risk of future cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Persian version of Everyday Memory Questionnaire-Revised (EMQ-R) in patients with multiple sclerosis.","authors":"Akram Ahmadi, Masoume Hajipour, Fatemeh Vojoudi, Fatemeh Haresabadi, Ali Mashhadi, Mohammad-Ali Nahayati, Toktam Maleki Shahmahmood","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2205592","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2205592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present research translated and validated the Persian version of the Everyday Memory Questionnaire-Revised (EMQ-R) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-step study was performed in the current work. First, the scale was translated and culturally adopted to Persian. In the second step, the translated questionnaire was presented to 150 patients with MS and 50 individuals in the control group. Then, construct validity (factor analysis and clinical validity) and reliability measures (test-retest reliability and internal consistency) were computed for this questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with MS obtained higher scores in EMQ-R than the control group (<i>p</i> <i><</i> .001). The findings of the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin and Bartlett test approved the sampling adequacy for computing the factor analysis (<i>p</i> <i><</i> .001). The accuracy of the three-dimensional structure was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Findings of test-retest (ICC = .95, 95%CI .91-.98, <i>p</i> <i><</i> .001) and internal consistency revealed a satisfactory value (<i>α</i> = .95, <i>p</i> <i><</i> .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Satisfactory findings for construct validity and high values for reliability revealed that the Persian version of EMQ-R is a reliable and valid scale to measure the everyday memory of patients with MS in the cognitive assessments of this group.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"703-711"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9432270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}