Cognitive Neuropsychiatry最新文献_第8页

Reversal learning in those with early psychosis features contingency-dependent changes in loss response and learning. 早期精神病患者的反向学习表现为损失反应和学习的偶然性依赖性变化。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-05 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2259019

Andrea Baker, Shuichi Suetani, Peter Cosgrove, Dan Siskind, Graham K Murray, James G Scott, James P Kesby

{"title":"Reversal learning in those with early psychosis features contingency-dependent changes in loss response and learning.","authors":"Andrea Baker, Shuichi Suetani, Peter Cosgrove, Dan Siskind, Graham K Murray, James G Scott, James P Kesby","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2259019","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2259019","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: People with psychotic disorders commonly feature broad decision-making impairments that impact their functional outcomes. Specific associative/reinforcement learning problems have been demonstrated in persistent psychosis. But these phenotypes may differ in early psychosis, suggesting that aspects of cognition decline over time.Methods: The present proof-of-concept study examined goal-directed action and reversal learning in controls and those with early psychosis.Results: Equivalent performance was observed between groups during outcome-specific devaluation, and reversal learning at an 80:20 contingency (reward probability for high:low targets). But when the low target reward probability was increased (80:40) those with early psychosis altered their response to loss, whereas controls did not. Computational modelling confirmed that in early psychosis there was a change in punishment learning that increased the chance of staying with the same stimulus after a loss, multiple trials into the future. In early psychosis, the magnitude of this response was greatest in those with higher IQ and lower clinical severity scores.Conclusions: We show preliminary evidence that those with early psychosis present with a phenotype that includes altered responding to loss and hyper-adaptability in response to outcome changes. This may reflect a compensatory response to overcome the milieu of corticostriatal changes associated with psychotic disorders.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"342-360"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41173435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unique contributions of specific neuropsychiatric symptoms to caregiver burden in informal caregivers family members of patients with dementia. 特定神经精神症状对痴呆症患者非正式照顾者家庭成员照顾者负担的独特贡献。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-05 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2255338

Miroslav Hanzevacki, Jelena Lucijanic, Dina Librenjak, Marko Lucijanic, Vesna Juresa

{"title":"Unique contributions of specific neuropsychiatric symptoms to caregiver burden in informal caregivers family members of patients with dementia.","authors":"Miroslav Hanzevacki, Jelena Lucijanic, Dina Librenjak, Marko Lucijanic, Vesna Juresa","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2255338","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2255338","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: We aimed to evaluate how the presence of individual neuropsychiatric symptoms in non-institutionalised patients with dementia is associated with caregiver burden of their informal caregivers, family members.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study on a total of 131 pairs of one informal caregiver family member and non-institutionalised patient with dementia in a family medicine practices in a city of Zagreb, Croatia. Caregiver measures included Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) whereas patient measures included Mini mental state examination (MMSE), Barthel index and Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q).Results: Total NPI-Q score explained 21% of overall burden. In order of strength of the association, after adjustments for age, sex, MMSE and Barthel index, overall burden was significantly associated with higher NPI-Q scores for agitation/aggression, apathy/indifference, irritability/lability, disinhibition, motor disturbance, appetite/eating, depression/dysphoria, anxiety, elation/euphoria and nighttime behaviours. When evaluating mutually independent contribution of unique NPI-Q symptoms to caregiver burden, agitation/aggression and apathy/indifference remained only two mutually independently associated symptoms, each explaining 5% of overall burden in this context.Conclusions: Informal caregivers who provide for family members with dementia suffering from agitation/aggression or apathy/indifference should be recognised as under special risk for the development of caregiver burden and considered as candidates for early targeted interventions.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"327-332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10155339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Early-onset schizophrenia: studying the links between cognitive and clinical dimensions. 早发性精神分裂症：研究认知和临床维度之间的联系。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-05 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2266871

Emmanuelle Dor-Nedonsel, Arnaud Fernandez, Marie-Line Menard, Valeria Manera, Gaëlle Laure, Susanne Thümmler, Florence Askenazy

{"title":"Early-onset schizophrenia: studying the links between cognitive and clinical dimensions.","authors":"Emmanuelle Dor-Nedonsel, Arnaud Fernandez, Marie-Line Menard, Valeria Manera, Gaëlle Laure, Susanne Thümmler, Florence Askenazy","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2266871","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2266871","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Early-onset schizophrenia (EOS), a rare and severe chronic psychiatric condition, is defined by an onset of schizophrenia symptoms before the age of 18. Core symptoms also include cognitive impairments. However, little is known about links between psychiatric symptoms of EOS and cognitive abilities.Objective: To explore the clinical and neurocognitive profiles of EOS patients and their links.Method: EOS patients have been phenotyped using standardised psychiatric assessments for DSM-5 diagnoses (K-SADS-PL) and for symptoms (PANSS and SANS), together with neurocognitive evaluations.Results: The EOS sample (n = 27, 12.4 +/-3.2 years) presented hallucinations (83%), negative symptoms (70%) and delusion (59%). 81% of patients presented comorbidities such as anxiety disorders (33%), autism spectrum disorder (26%) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (26%). Patients presented borderline intellectual deficiency (total IQ = 72.5 +/-4.7), with low performances in working memory subtest. We highlight a positive correlation between the IQ and intensity of positive symptoms (PANSS) and between the IQ and a first treatment being administered at an older age. We also highlight a negative correlation between the IQ and attention items of SANS.Conclusion: Cognitive skills are correlated with symptom intensity in EOS patients. An older age of onset seems to be a protective factor for cognitive development.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"377-390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41219708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contrasting social knowledge and theory of mind patterns in adults with personality disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and healthy controls. 对患有人格障碍、精神分裂症谱系障碍和健康对照的成年人的社会知识和心理模式理论进行对比。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-05 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2259021

Mireille Lampron, Claudia Savard, Allyson Bernier, Maude Payant, Stéphane Sabourin, Amélie M Achim

{"title":"Contrasting social knowledge and theory of mind patterns in adults with personality disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and healthy controls.","authors":"Mireille Lampron, Claudia Savard, Allyson Bernier, Maude Payant, Stéphane Sabourin, Amélie M Achim","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2259021","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2259021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Personality disorders (PD) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) are distinct conditions displaying common symptoms, like impairments in social cognition, that make them hard to distinguish, especially in severe cases. To date, few studies have compared theory of mind skills in these two disorders, and none have compared social knowledge skills. This study aims to compare the social cognitive abilities of patients with these conditions.Method: Non-parametric analyses of covariance were used to compare severe PD patients (n = 37), SSD patients (n = 44), and healthy controls (HC; n = 49) on the Social Knowledge Test and two measures of theory of mind: the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test and the Combined Stories Test, which incorporates items from various widely used tests.Results: While no significant group differences were found on the Social Knowledge Test, SSD patients performed lower than the HC group on both theory of mind tests. PD patients only had lower performance than the HC group on specific items from the Combined Stories Test.Conclusions: PD and SSD patients demonstrated distinctive patterns of social cognitive impairments, with items of greater complexity or with an affective orientation being the most discriminant for PD.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"361-376"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41163348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuropsychiatric features of Parkinson's disease in the era prior to the use of dopaminergic therapies. 使用多巴胺能疗法之前帕金森病的神经精神特征。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-12 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2212151

Chengyu Zhang, Suzanne Reeves, Anthony S David, Harry Costello, Jonathan Rogers

{"title":"Neuropsychiatric features of Parkinson's disease in the era prior to the use of dopaminergic therapies.","authors":"Chengyu Zhang, Suzanne Reeves, Anthony S David, Harry Costello, Jonathan Rogers","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2212151","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2212151","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Psychosis in Parkinson's disease includes hallucinations and delusions. Other non-psychotic neuropsychiatric features include depression, anxiety and apathy. There is currently controversy over whether psychosis in Parkinson's is an intrinsic part of the disorder or the result of dopaminergic medications. This study aimed to examine a historical cohort of individuals with Parkinson's prior to the use of dopaminergic therapy to assess the prevalence of psychotic and other neuropsychiatric features.Methods: The case notes of patients with Parkinson's disease admitted to the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London between 1924 and 1946 were examined. Demographic and clinical variables were extracted along with any neuropsychiatric features. Cases meeting criteria for encephalitis lethargica were excluded.Results: 115 cases of individuals with Parkinson's disease were identified. 58 (41.7%) were female. Mean age was 54.0 (SD 9.6) years and mean time since Parkinson's diagnosis was 5.3 (SD 5.7) years. No individuals met criteria for encephalitis lethargica. No cases of hallucinations or delusions were reported. There was one case of an illusion in a patient who was using anticholinergic medication. Other neuropsychiatric features reported were sleep disorder (present in 10, 8.7%), depression (8, 7.0%), memory impairment (5, 4.3%), impulsivity (4, 3.5%), bradyphrenia (4, 3.5%), impaired attention (3, 2.6%), anxiety (1, 0.9%), fatigue (1, 0.9%) and apathy (1, 0.9%).Conclusions: Prior to the use of dopaminergic therapies, patients with Parkinson's disease admitted to hospital rarely, if ever, reported psychotic symptoms, although other neuropsychiatric symptoms were more prevalent. The main limitation is that a lack of systematic enquiry about psychotic symptoms may have resulted in underreporting.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"243-252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9439921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. A systematic review. 成人注意力缺陷多动障碍的自主神经系统失调。系统的回顾。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2255336

Lennard Geiss, Mark Stemmler, Beate Beck, Thomas Hillemacher, Michael Widder, Katharina M Hösl

{"title":"Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. A systematic review.","authors":"Lennard Geiss, Mark Stemmler, Beate Beck, Thomas Hillemacher, Michael Widder, Katharina M Hösl","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2255336","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2255336","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (aADHD) is characterised by inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and emotional instability, all of which were linked to altered modulation of the autonomic nervous system. This and the clinical effectiveness of sympathomimetic medication raised the question if autonomic modulation is altered in aADHD patients.Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web Of Science for publications investigating autonomic modulation in aADHD and controls during resting-state and/or under task conditions.Results: We reviewed 15 studies involving 846 participants (424 aADHD and 422 controls), including 4 studies on sympathetic tone at rest, 13 studies on sympathetic modulation during tasks, 3 studies on resting state parasympathetic modulation and 3 papers on task-related parasympathetic modulation. Studies comprised measurements of electrodermal activity, heart rate variability, blood pressure variability, blood volume pulse, pre-ejection period, and baroreflex sensitivity. 2 studies reported reduced sympathetic tone in aADHD; 7 papers described lower sympathetic reactivity to task demands in this cohort. One study linked aADHD to impaired vagal tone, while no indications of altered tasks-related parasympathetic reactivity in aADHD patients were reported.Conclusion: The reviewed data revealed impaired cardiovascular autonomic modulation in aADHD patients, predominantly in sympathetic modulation and during stress exposure.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"285-306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10590743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The presence and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms and their association with quality of life among patients with dementia. 痴呆症患者神经精神症状的存在和严重程度及其与生活质量的关系。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2255342

Banan Alb'ool, Abdallah Abu Khait

{"title":"The presence and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms and their association with quality of life among patients with dementia.","authors":"Banan Alb'ool, Abdallah Abu Khait","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2255342","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2255342","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common manifestations of dementia. The presence and severity of these symptoms differ depending on different personal and contextual factors.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the presence and predictors of neuropsychiatric symptoms and the association between the severity of these symptoms and the quality of life in a sample of patients with dementia in Jordan.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 112 patients with dementia residing in Jordanian nursing homes were recruited using the consecutive sampling method.Results: The mean severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms was 9.58. The most prevalent neuropsychiatric symptoms among patients were depression (61.6%), followed by irritability (55.4%), and a feeling of euphoria (54.5%). The regression analysis results indicated that gender, marital status, and dementia severity significantly predicted the neuropsychiatric symptoms severity score and explained 17.70% of the variance. A significant negative correlation between the severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life was found.Conclusion: The study's results indicate that our sample reported mild neuropsychiatric symptoms. These symptoms' high prevalence and persistence negatively impact patients' quality of life. The study's results can help mental health nurses determine the factors impacting effective treatment strategies to combat these symptoms. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to help explain the importance of early diagnosis and management of these symptoms in preventing dementia progression.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"307-325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10203195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Schizophrenia patients perform as well as healthy controls on creative problem solving when fluid intelligence is accounted for. 当考虑到流体智力时，精神分裂症患者在创造性解决问题方面的表现与健康对照组一样好。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2215921

Hanna Kucwaj, Zdzisław Gajewski, Adam Chuderski

{"title":"Schizophrenia patients perform as well as healthy controls on creative problem solving when fluid intelligence is accounted for.","authors":"Hanna Kucwaj, Zdzisław Gajewski, Adam Chuderski","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2215921","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2215921","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study examined creative problem solving in schizophrenia. We aimed to verify three hypotheses: (H1) schizophrenia patients differ from healthy controls in the accuracy of creative problem solving; (H2) schizophrenia patients are less effective at evaluating and rejecting incorrect associations and (H3) have a more idiosyncratic way of searching for semantic associations compared to controls.Methods: Six Remote Associates Test (RAT) items and three insight problems were applied to schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. We compared groups on the overall accuracy in the tasks to verify H1 and developed a novel method of comparing the patterns of errors in the RAT to verify H2 and H3. We controlled for fluid intelligence to eliminate this significant source of variation, as typically creativity and intelligence are significantly related.Results: Bayesian factor analysis did not support the group differences in either insight problems and RAT accuracy or the patterns of RAT errors.Conclusions: The patients performed as well as the controls on both tasks. Analysis of RAT errors suggested that the process of searching for remote associations is comparable in both groups. It is highly improbable that individuals with schizophrenia benefit from their diagnosis during creative problem solving.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"253-268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9499025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Bayesian predictive processing account of Othello syndrome in Parkinson's disease. 帕金森病中奥赛罗综合征的贝叶斯预测处理。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2229080

Jennifer A Foley, Cliff Chen, Andrew Paget, Lisa Cipolotti

{"title":"A Bayesian predictive processing account of Othello syndrome in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Jennifer A Foley, Cliff Chen, Andrew Paget, Lisa Cipolotti","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2229080","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2229080","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Although delusions in Parkinson's disease (PD) are rare, when they occur they frequently take the form of \"Othello syndrome\": the irrational belief that a spouse or partner is being unfaithful. Hitherto dismissed as either a by-product of dopamine therapy or cognitive impairment, there are still no convincing theoretical accounts to explain why only some patients fall prey to this delusion, or why it persists despite clear disconfirmatory evidence.Methods: We discuss the limitations of existing explanations of this delusion, namely hyperdopaminergia-induced anomalous perceptual experiences and cognitive impairment, before describing how Bayesian predictive processing accounts can provide a more comprehensive explanation by foregrounding the importance of prior experience and its impact upon computation of probability. We illustrate this new conceptualisation with three case vignettes.Results: We suggest that in those with prior experience of romantic betrayal, hyperdominergic-induced aberrant prediction errors enable anomalous perceptual experiences to accrue greater prominence, which is then maintained through Bayes-optimal inferencing to confirm cognitive distortions, eliciting and shaping this dangerous delusion.Conclusions: We propose the first comprehensive mechanistic account of Othello syndrome in PD and discuss implications for clinical interventions.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"269-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9689095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spontaneous perspective-taking and its relation to schizotypy. 自发换位思考及其与精神分裂的关系。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2189575

Mark R Gardner, Tom Buchanan

{"title":"Spontaneous perspective-taking and its relation to schizotypy.","authors":"Mark R Gardner, Tom Buchanan","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2189575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13546805.2023.2189575","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Patients with schizophrenia differ from healthy controls in the extent that they spontaneously take another’s perspective. For such effects, it is difficult to separate the influence of schizophrenia from multiple potential confounders. Here, for the first time, associations between spontaneous perspective-taking and schizotypy were investigated in a nonclinical population. Methods Adult participants completed both a Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ-BRU) and a novel online adaptation of a visual perspective-taking task that required participants to make judgements both from their own perspective and that of a human avatar. Results Response times were elevated when the avatar’s perspective was inconsistent with that of the participant, providing evidence of spontaneous perspective-taking. This demonstrates that the visual perspective-taking task can be successfully implemented in an online format. However, schizotypy did not predict these spontaneous perspective-taking effects. Conclusions Unlike explicit mentalising, this form of implicit mentalising is not affected by nonclinical manifestations of schizotypy traits. This implies that impairment of general neurocognitive function contributes to altered spontaneous perspective-taking in schizophrenia. A novel account based on the cognitive control processes involved in perspective selection and the role of attention in perspective calculation reconciles apparently contradictory findings of earlier studies comparing patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":"28 3","pages":"181-195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9562420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0