Cognitive Neuropsychiatry最新文献

The Brain-Wellness Nexus: exploring neurobiological mechanisms and evidence-based interventions for stress resilience in neurodivergent populations.

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2025.2464726

Rachida Belaich

{"title":"The Brain-Wellness Nexus: exploring neurobiological mechanisms and evidence-based interventions for stress resilience in neurodivergent populations.","authors":"Rachida Belaich","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2025.2464726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13546805.2025.2464726","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Research into brain mechanisms and their impact on quality of life has gained significant traction, emphasising stress management, cognitive enhancement, and emotional well-being as essential components.Objective: This study explores the relationship between brain health and overall wellness, focusing on neurobiological mechanisms and evidence-based interventions that enhance stress resilience in neurodivergent populations.Methods: A comprehensive review of neuroscience and psychological literature was conducted, including neuroimaging and behavioural studies to assess the effectiveness of various interventions.Results: Findings indicate that targeted strategies - such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), cognitive training, and lifestyle modifications - significantly improve stress resilience, cognitive abilities, and emotional regulation. Key brain regions involved include the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus.Conclusions: Implementing evidence-based interventions fosters improved quality of life through enhanced brain wellness. Future research should focus on scalable approaches that are inclusive of diverse populations.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying overlapping and distinctive traits of autism and schizophrenia using machine learning classification.

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2025.2464728

Jenna N Pablo, Jorja Shires, Wendy A Torrens, Lena L Kemmelmeier, Sarah M Haigh, Marian E Berryhill

{"title":"Identifying overlapping and distinctive traits of autism and schizophrenia using machine learning classification.","authors":"Jenna N Pablo, Jorja Shires, Wendy A Torrens, Lena L Kemmelmeier, Sarah M Haigh, Marian E Berryhill","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2025.2464728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13546805.2025.2464728","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) share some symptoms. We conducted machine learning classification to determine if common screeners used for research in non-clinical and subclinical populations, the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire - Brief Revised (SPQ-BR), could identify non-overlapping symptoms.Methods: 1,397 undergraduates completed the SPQ-BR and AQ. Random forest classification modelled whether SPQ-BR item scores predicted AQ scores and factors, and vice versa. The models first used all item scores and then the least/most important features.Results: Robust trait overlap allows for the prediction of AQ from SPQ-BR and vice versa. Results showed that AQ item scores predicted 2 of 3 SPQ-BR factors (disorganised, interpersonal), and SPQ-BR item scores successfully predicted 2 of 5 AQ factors (communication, social skills). Importantly, classification model failures showed that AQ item scores could not predict the SPQ-BR cognitive-perceptual factor, and the SPQ-BR item scores could not predict 3 AQ factors (imagination, attention to detail, attention switching).Conclusions: Overall, the SPQ-BR and AQ measure overlapping symptoms that can be isolated to some factors. Importantly, where we observe model failures, we capture distinctive factors. We provide guidance for leveraging existing screeners to avert misdiagnosis and advancing specific/selective biomarker identification.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Depth inversion illusion and its relationship to positive symptoms in clinical and non-clinical voice hearers.

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2025.2467974

Molly A Erickson, Charlotte Li, Sonia Bansal, James Waltz, Philip Corlett, James Gold

{"title":"Depth inversion illusion and its relationship to positive symptoms in clinical and non-clinical voice hearers.","authors":"Molly A Erickson, Charlotte Li, Sonia Bansal, James Waltz, Philip Corlett, James Gold","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2025.2467974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13546805.2025.2467974","url":null,"abstract":"Among people with schizophrenia (PSZ), positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions are often conceptualised as resulting from abnormal top-down modulation of sensory information. PSZ often exhibit reduced susceptibility to visual illusions compared to healthy control subjects (HCS), suggesting that top-down impairments yield enhanced perception of stimuli that would otherwise be distorted by contextualising visual elements. However, it remains unknown whether resistance to illusions is uniquely associated with positive symptoms, or if it is associated with some other aspect of serious mental illness. To examine this question, 77 PSZ, 50 HCS, and 40 individuals who hear voices and hold unusual beliefs but do not have a psychiatric illness (nonclinical voice hearers; NCVH) completed a hollow mask illusion task. HCS reported experiencing the illusion significantly more often than PSZ and more often than NCVH at the trend level, whereas the latter two groups did not differ from one another. Additionally, there was no consistent association between illusion perception and symptom severity for either PSZ or NCVH. We interpret these results to indicate that resistance to visual illusions may mark a vulnerability for experiencing voices and holding unusual beliefs; however, it may not be associated with the severity of these symptoms.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subjective visual (but not auditory) function is associated with anomalous perceptual experiences in community-dwelling older adults.

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2025.2465777

India Kelsall-Foreman, Romola S Bucks, Michael Weinborn, Johanna C Badcock

{"title":"Subjective visual (but not auditory) function is associated with anomalous perceptual experiences in community-dwelling older adults.","authors":"India Kelsall-Foreman, Romola S Bucks, Michael Weinborn, Johanna C Badcock","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2025.2465777","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2025.2465777","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: With an increasingly ageing population, understanding sensory impairments and their consequences in older adults is important.Methods: The current study sought to examine the contemporaneous relationships between subjective sensory functioning (vision and hearing) and different types of anomalous perceptions (anomalous body-centred self-experiences and anomalous external experiences) in community-dwelling older adults (N = 244, Mage = 71.86 ± 7.65, range = 52-91, 67.6% female) using structural equation modelling.Results: Poorer self-reported visual functioning was associated both with more anomalous body-centred self-experiences and more anomalous external experiences. However, no associations between self-reported hearing function and anomalous perceptions of any kind were found. Further, those reporting higher levels of loneliness self-reported poorer visual functioning and more anomalous body-centred self-experiences. The potential mediating role of loneliness was also explored. However, the relationship between self-reported visual function and anomalous perceptual experiences was not mediated by loneliness.Conclusions: The current cross-sectional findings suggest that poorer self-reported visual-but not hearing-function may be a risk factor for the experience of anomalous perceptions in older adults. Future research should examine these associations using objective measures of hearing and vision and longitudinal designs.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"386-404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143505547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of apathy on quality of life and caregiver burden in patients with dementia. 冷漠对痴呆患者生活质量和照顾者负担的影响。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2025.2451283

Kimya Kılıçaslan, Zeliha Tulek, I Hakan Gurvit

{"title":"The effect of apathy on quality of life and caregiver burden in patients with dementia.","authors":"Kimya Kılıçaslan, Zeliha Tulek, I Hakan Gurvit","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2025.2451283","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2025.2451283","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Apathy is one of the common neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with dementia (PwD). The aim of this study is to determine the impact of apathy on the patient's quality of life (QoL) and caregiver's burden among PwD.Methods: Sample of this cross-sectional descriptive study consisted of 88 PwD attending the outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Istanbul and their family caregivers. The evaluation battery included Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES), Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) and Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease Scale (QoL-AD).Results: The mean age of the patients was 73.1 ± 11.7, and the time since diagnosis was 3.9 ± 3.1 years; 64.8% had Alzheimer's type dementia, and 53.4% (n = 47) had mild dementia. The mean AES-C score was 52.9 ± 10.2, QoL-AD score was 28.4 ± 5.6 and CBI score 32.6 ± 25.9. Apathy was associated with medical comorbidity, stage of dementia, neuropsychiatric symptoms, functional status and depression. Apathy was found to be predictor of the QoL-AD and also related with CBI.Conclusions: In dementia patients, apathy was associated with patients' functional status, quality of life, and caregiver burden. It is recommended that patients be evaluated for apathy and its impact on activities of daily living, quality of life and caregiver burden.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"342-357"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards a unified, yet pluralistic, account of Capgras' delusion. 对卡普格拉错觉的统一而又多元的解释。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2025.2451266

Norman A Poole, Sam Wilkinson

{"title":"Towards a unified, yet pluralistic, account of Capgras' delusion.","authors":"Norman A Poole, Sam Wilkinson","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2025.2451266","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2025.2451266","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In this paper, we present a new way of thinking about what is going on in cases of Capgras delusion which is a more varied presentation than represented in the literature. We do this by reflecting on the fundamental nature of identification, and then draw some lessons from this for understanding misidentification in general and Capgras delusion cases in particular. What emerges, through the conceptual tool of \"mental files\", is a unified, yet pluralistic, account of delusional misidentification of the Capgras type. In other words, it allows us to see the delusion for what it really is and to understand what all such instances have in common (hence unified), while also accommodating the great heterogeneity in cause, aetiology and clinical presentation (hence pluralistic).Methods: We apply the innovation of mental files and the idea that misidentification is fundamentally about file mismanagement to provide a better understanding of Capgras delusion.Results: We demonstrate how the mental files account allows us to more plausibly accommodate the variety of clinical cases that more traditional approaches fail to account for. It also points us in the direction of as-yet-undeveloped aetiological models.Conclusions: The mental files approach provides us with a unified, yet flexible, framework, and as such furthers our understanding of misidentification and the Capgras delusion.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"323-341"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The co-occurrence of functional neurological disorder and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2025.2452259

Bruce Tamilson, Norman Poole, Niruj Agrawal

{"title":"The co-occurrence of functional neurological disorder and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Bruce Tamilson, Norman Poole, Niruj Agrawal","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2025.2452259","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2025.2452259","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recent studies reveal increasing interest in the link between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Functional Neurological Disorder (FND), prompting a systematic review and meta-analysis of their co-occurrence.Method: The review covered a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases up to November 2024, focusing on peer-reviewed studies of ASD and FND co-occurrence. Twenty-four studies qualified for inclusion.Results: The study included 11,324 participants, predominantly female (73.4%). It estimated the proportion of ASD in FND populations to be 0.10 (95% CI: 0.07-0.15), with significant heterogeneity (I² = 97%, p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis showed variation among different age groups and diagnoses. The proportion of ASD was 0.09 in adults and 0.10 in children with FND, 0.15 in adults and 0.19 in children with Functional Tic-Like Behaviours (FTLB), and 0.07 in children with Functional Seizures (FS).Conclusion: Many studies have reported the co-occurrence of ASD in FND, suggesting a higher-than-expected rate of 10%. Emerging themes exploring the overlapping determinants of FND and ASD, are discussed. However, the significance of this correlation and the overlapping determinants that might explain it, require further research due to the heterogeneity in methodologies, settings, conditions studied and findings. The presence of publication bias warrants cautious interpretation of the results.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"358-385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Theory-driven assessment of cognitive flexibility in bulimia nervosa: a preliminary study. 神经性贪食症认知灵活性的理论驱动评估：初步研究。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2442606

Eyal Heled, Karen Goshen, Talma Kushnir, Eitan Gur, Shani Maron-Olerasho

{"title":"Theory-driven assessment of cognitive flexibility in bulimia nervosa: a preliminary study.","authors":"Eyal Heled, Karen Goshen, Talma Kushnir, Eitan Gur, Shani Maron-Olerasho","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2442606","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2442606","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cognitive flexibility (CF) is defined as the ability to switch efficiently between different concepts or tasks. Empirical evidence of CF in individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN), offers conflicting conclusions, attributed to how CF is conceptualized and operationalized. The aims of the current study were to compare CF performance of women with BN to healthy controls, utilising a CF model that includes three subtypes termed: task switching, switching sets and stimulus-response mapping. In addition, to examine the association between CF subtypes and BN clinical characteristics.Methods: Sixty-two women (twenty-eight with BN and thirty-four healthy controls) with a mean age of 24.4, completed a CF cognitive battery. Performance was measured by response time and accuracy.Results: The BN group's response time was worse only on task switching, but was significantly more accurate on stimulus-response mapping. There was no significant correlation between CF scores and BN clinical characteristics.Conclusions: Women with BN present with an impairment only on higher CF demands, whereas their performance at lower-level CF tends to be more accurate. Additionally, CF is independent of clinical characteristics, thus supporting evidence that it may reflect a trait nature in BN.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"307-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conspiracy mentality in autistic and non-autistic individuals 自闭症患者和非自闭症患者的阴谋心态

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2399505

Sanne Roels, Sander Begeer, Anke M. Scheeren, Jan-Willem van Prooijen

引用次数: 0

How disrupted interoception could lead to disturbances in perceptual reality monitoring. 中断的互感如何导致感知现实监控的紊乱。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2422620

Nadine Dijkstra, Laura Convertino, Sarah Garfinkel

引用次数: 0