Cognitive Neuropsychiatry最新文献_第2页

Neurocognition across bipolar disorder phases compared to healthy subjects. 与健康人相比，双相情感障碍各阶段的神经认知。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2313387

Elvan Ciftci, Shams Farhad, Baris Metin, Nevzat Tarhan

{"title":"Neurocognition across bipolar disorder phases compared to healthy subjects.","authors":"Elvan Ciftci, Shams Farhad, Baris Metin, Nevzat Tarhan","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2313387","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2313387","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with cognitive abnormalities that may persist during euthymia and are linked to poor occupational performance. The cognitive differences between phases of BD are not well known. Therefore, a cross-sectional study with a relatively large population was conducted to evaluate the differences among BD phases in a wide range of neurocognitive parameters.Methods: Neuropsychological profile of 169 patients with a diagnosis of BD in manic, depressive, mixed, and euthymic phases between the ages of 18 and 70 years were compared to 45 healthy individuals' between ages of 24 and 69 years. The working memory (digit-span backward test), face recognition, executive functions (verbal fluency and Stroop test), face recognition, and visual and verbal memory (immediate and delayed recall) were evaluated. For BD subgroup analyses, we used the Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test. Then, for the comparison of BD versus healthy individuals, we used the Mann-Whitney U (MWU) test.Results: Analyses based on non-parametric tests showed impairments in BD for all tests. There were no significant differences between phases.Conclusion: Cognitive performance in patients with BD appears to be mostly unrelated to the phase of the disorder, implying that cognitive dysfunction in BD is present even during remission.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"73-86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139713332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A hierarchy of visual processing deficits in body dysmorphic disorder: a conceptual review and empirical investigation. 身体畸形障碍中视觉处理缺陷的层次结构：概念回顾与实证研究》（A hierarchy of visual processing deficits in body dysmorphic disorder: a conceptual review and empirical investigation.

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2326243

Toni D Pikoos, Amy Malcolm, David J Castle, Susan L Rossell

{"title":"A hierarchy of visual processing deficits in body dysmorphic disorder: a conceptual review and empirical investigation.","authors":"Toni D Pikoos, Amy Malcolm, David J Castle, Susan L Rossell","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2326243","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2326243","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Abnormal visual processing has been proposed as a mechanism underlying excessive focus on minor appearance flaws in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Existing BDD research has not differentiated the various stages of face processing (featural, first-order configural, holistic and second-order configural) that are required for higher-order processes such as emotion recognition. This study investigated a hierarchical visual processing model to examine the nature of abnormalities in face processing in BDD.Method: Thirty BDD participants and 27 healthy controls completed the Navon task, a featural and configural face processing task and a facial emotion labelling task.Results: BDD participants performed similarly to controls when processing global and local non-face stimuli on the Navon task, when detecting subtle changes in the features and spacing of a target face, and when labelling emotional faces. However, BDD participants displayed poorer performance when viewing inverted faces, indicating difficulties in configural processing.Conclusions: The findings only partially support prior work. However, synthesis of results with previous findings indicates that heterogenous task methodologies may contribute to inconsistent findings. Recommendations are provided regarding the task parameters that appear most sensitive to abnormalities in BDD.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"116-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-clinical hallucinations and mental imagery across sensory modalities. 跨感官模式的非临床幻觉和心理想象。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2313467

Luke Wilson Rogers, Mma Yeebo, Daniel Collerton, Peter Moseley, Robert Dudley

{"title":"Non-clinical hallucinations and mental imagery across sensory modalities.","authors":"Luke Wilson Rogers, Mma Yeebo, Daniel Collerton, Peter Moseley, Robert Dudley","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2313467","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2313467","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vivid mental imagery has been proposed to increase the likelihood of experiencing hallucinations. Typically, studies have employed a modality general approach to mental imagery which compares imagery across multiple domains (e.g., visual, auditory and tactile) to hallucinations in multiple senses. However, modality specific imagery may be a better predictor of hallucinations in the same domain. The study examined the contribution of imagery to hallucinations in a non-clinical sample and specifically whether imagery best predicted hallucinations at a modality general or modality specific level.Methods: In study one, modality general and modality specific accounts of the imagery-hallucination relationship were contrasted through application of self-report measures in a sample of 434 students. Study two used a subsample (n = 103) to extend exploration of the imagery-hallucinations relationship using a performance-based imagery task.Results: A small to moderate modality general relationship was observed between self-report imagery and hallucination proneness. There was only evidence of a modality specific relationship in the tactile domain. Performance-based imagery measures were unrelated to hallucinations and self-report imagery.Conclusions: Mental imagery may act as a modality general process increasing hallucination proneness. The observed distinction between self-report and performance-based imagery highlights the difficulty of accurately measuring internal processes.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"87-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139742666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the cognitive profiles related to unimodal auditory versus multisensory hallucinations in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. 探索精神分裂症谱系障碍中与单模态听觉幻觉和多模态感官幻觉相关的认知特征。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2314941

Mikaela J Bere, Susan L Rossell, Eric J Tan, Sean P Carruthers, Caroline Gurvich, Erica Neill, Philip J Sumner, Tamsyn E Van Rheenen, Wei Lin Toh

{"title":"Exploring the cognitive profiles related to unimodal auditory versus multisensory hallucinations in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.","authors":"Mikaela J Bere, Susan L Rossell, Eric J Tan, Sean P Carruthers, Caroline Gurvich, Erica Neill, Philip J Sumner, Tamsyn E Van Rheenen, Wei Lin Toh","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2314941","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2314941","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hallucinations can be experienced across multiple sensory modalities, but psychiatric studies investigating the cognitive mechanisms of hallucinations have been somewhat restricted to the auditory domain. This study explored the cognitive profiles of individuals experiencing multisensory hallucinations (MH) in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD) and compared these to those experiencing unimodal auditory hallucinations (AH) or no hallucinations (NH).Methods: Participants included SSD patients (n = 119) stratified by current hallucination status (NH, AH, MH) and nonclinical controls (NCs; n = 113). Group performance was compared across several cognitive domains: speed of processing, attention, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning and problem-solving, social cognition, and inhibition.Results: The clinical groups performed worse than NCs but differences between the clinical groups were not evident across most cognitive domains. Exploratory analyses revealed that the MH group was more impaired on the visual learning task compared to the NH (but not AH) group.Conclusions: Preliminary results suggest that impaired visual learning may be related to MH. This could be attributed to the presence of visual hallucinations (VH), or greater psychopathology, in this group. However, replication is needed, as well as the investigation of other potential cognitive mechanisms of MH.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"55-71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Koro: a socially-transmitted delusional belief. Koro：一种社会传播的妄想信念。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2313474

Max Coltheart, Martin Davies

{"title":"Koro: a socially-transmitted delusional belief.","authors":"Max Coltheart, Martin Davies","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2313474","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2313474","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Koro is a delusion whereby a man believes his penis is shrinking into his abdomen and this may result in his death. This socially-transmitted non-neuropsychological delusional belief occurs (in epidemic form) in South-East and South Asia. We investigated whether the two-factor theory of delusion could be applied to epidemic Koro.Methods: We scrutinised the literature on epidemic Koro to isolate features relevant to the two questions that must be answered to provide a two-factor account: What could initially prompt the Koro delusional hypothesis? Why is this hypothesis adopted as a belief?Results: We concluded that the Koro hypothesis is usually prompted by the surprising observation of actual penis shrinkage-but only if the man has access to background beliefs about Koro. Whether the hypothesis is then adopted as a belief will depend on individual factors such as prior belief in the Koro concept or limited formal education and sociocultural factors such as deference to culture, to media, or to rumours spread by word of mouth. Social transmission can influence how the first factor works and how the second factor works.Conclusion: The two-factor theory of delusion can be applied to a socially-transmitted delusion that occurs in epidemic form.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"10-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What makes us social and what does it tell us about mental disorders? 是什么造就了我们的社交能力？

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-28 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2307958

Uta Frith, Chris Frith

引用次数: 0

Everything in its right place: a case report of reduplicative paramnesia with therapeutic and theoretical considerations. 万物各得其所：重复性失忆症病例报告及治疗和理论思考。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2313463

Huw Green, Leah Seiler, Fahim Anwar

引用次数: 0

The association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and executive functioning. 创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）与执行功能之间的关联。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-03 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2313461

Nawal Ouhmad, Nicolas Combalbert, Wissam El Hage

引用次数: 0

The neutral past: emotional (dys)regulation of autobiographical memory in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia. 中性过去：行为变异性额颞叶痴呆中自传体记忆的情绪（失调）调节。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2275337

Mohamad El Haj, Dimitrios Kapogiannis, Claire Boutoleau-Bretonnière

{"title":"The neutral past: emotional (dys)regulation of autobiographical memory in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia.","authors":"Mohamad El Haj, Dimitrios Kapogiannis, Claire Boutoleau-Bretonnière","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2275337","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2275337","url":null,"abstract":"Background: While affective disturbances are a key symptomatic indicator of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), little is known about how patients process the emotional load of their autobiographical (i.e. personal) memories.Methods: We assessed the interplay of emotional regulation and autobiographical memory by inviting 18 bvFTD and 20 control participants to remember past personal events. For each memory, participants rated its emotional valence \"then\" (i.e. when the event has occurred) vs \"now\" (i.e. when retrieving the event).Results: Patients with bvFTD described their memories as neutral at both times (p = .85), while control participants rated their memories as more positive during \"then\" than during \"now\" (p = .013). Autobiographical retrieval triggered fewer emotional words (p < .001) and less specificity (p < .001) in bvFTD patients compared to control participants.Conclusions: The lack of significant differences between the emotional characteristics during \"then\" than \"now\" in patients with bvFTD (and the flattening of both) may mirror their hampered ability for emotional generation, which may be associated with difficulties in reframing their past experiences to modify and adapt their meaning. The hampered emotional regulation in bvFTD may also be associated with an avoidance strategy and a passive attitude toward the past.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"437-449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66784588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurological soft signs and cognition among inpatients with schizophrenia. 精神分裂症住院患者的神经软症状与认知。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2269647

Rabih Fares, Chadia Haddad, Hala Sacre, Souheil Hallit, Georges Haddad, Pascale Salameh, Benjamin Calvet

{"title":"Neurological soft signs and cognition among inpatients with schizophrenia.","authors":"Rabih Fares, Chadia Haddad, Hala Sacre, Souheil Hallit, Georges Haddad, Pascale Salameh, Benjamin Calvet","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2269647","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2269647","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Evidence has shown that neurological soft signs are strongly associated with neurocognitive dysfunction. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to assess the association between NSS and cognitive impairments in a sample of inpatients with schizophrenia. The secondary objective was to explore the association between NSS total scores and functioning.Methods: The study enrolled 95 inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia disorders and 45 healthy controls. The neurological evaluation scale (NES) was used to assess neurological soft sign while the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) was used to evaluate cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia.Results: Patients with schizophrenia had significantly higher mean scores on the NES total test and subtests than the control group. Higher cognition was significantly associated with lower NES total and subtest scores. Higher functional independence was significantly associated with a lower NES total score (Beta = -.25), lower motor coordination subtest score (Beta = -.04), and lower others subtest (Beta = -.12). When taking the functional independence scale as the dependent variable, a higher NES total score was significantly associated with lower functioning (Beta = -0.03).Conclusion: NSS were associated to neurocognitive impairments in almost every domain among patients with schizophrenia. Further prospective research is still needed to confirm this role.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"406-423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41219709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0