Cognitive Neuropsychiatry最新文献_第7页

Koro: a socially-transmitted delusional belief. Koro：一种社会传播的妄想信念。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2313474

Max Coltheart, Martin Davies

{"title":"Koro: a socially-transmitted delusional belief.","authors":"Max Coltheart, Martin Davies","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2313474","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2024.2313474","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Koro is a delusion whereby a man believes his penis is shrinking into his abdomen and this may result in his death. This socially-transmitted non-neuropsychological delusional belief occurs (in epidemic form) in South-East and South Asia. We investigated whether the two-factor theory of delusion could be applied to epidemic Koro.Methods: We scrutinised the literature on epidemic Koro to isolate features relevant to the two questions that must be answered to provide a two-factor account: What could initially prompt the Koro delusional hypothesis? Why is this hypothesis adopted as a belief?Results: We concluded that the Koro hypothesis is usually prompted by the surprising observation of actual penis shrinkage-but only if the man has access to background beliefs about Koro. Whether the hypothesis is then adopted as a belief will depend on individual factors such as prior belief in the Koro concept or limited formal education and sociocultural factors such as deference to culture, to media, or to rumours spread by word of mouth. Social transmission can influence how the first factor works and how the second factor works.Conclusion: The two-factor theory of delusion can be applied to a socially-transmitted delusion that occurs in epidemic form.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"10-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What makes us social and what does it tell us about mental disorders? 是什么造就了我们的社交能力？

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-28 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2307958

Uta Frith, Chris Frith

引用次数: 0

Everything in its right place: a case report of reduplicative paramnesia with therapeutic and theoretical considerations. 万物各得其所：重复性失忆症病例报告及治疗和理论思考。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2313463

Huw Green, Leah Seiler, Fahim Anwar

引用次数: 0

The association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and executive functioning. 创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）与执行功能之间的关联。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-03 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2313461

Nawal Ouhmad, Nicolas Combalbert, Wissam El Hage

引用次数: 0

Neurological soft signs and cognition among inpatients with schizophrenia. 精神分裂症住院患者的神经软症状与认知。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2269647

Rabih Fares, Chadia Haddad, Hala Sacre, Souheil Hallit, Georges Haddad, Pascale Salameh, Benjamin Calvet

{"title":"Neurological soft signs and cognition among inpatients with schizophrenia.","authors":"Rabih Fares, Chadia Haddad, Hala Sacre, Souheil Hallit, Georges Haddad, Pascale Salameh, Benjamin Calvet","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2269647","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2269647","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Evidence has shown that neurological soft signs are strongly associated with neurocognitive dysfunction. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to assess the association between NSS and cognitive impairments in a sample of inpatients with schizophrenia. The secondary objective was to explore the association between NSS total scores and functioning.Methods: The study enrolled 95 inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia disorders and 45 healthy controls. The neurological evaluation scale (NES) was used to assess neurological soft sign while the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) was used to evaluate cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia.Results: Patients with schizophrenia had significantly higher mean scores on the NES total test and subtests than the control group. Higher cognition was significantly associated with lower NES total and subtest scores. Higher functional independence was significantly associated with a lower NES total score (Beta = -.25), lower motor coordination subtest score (Beta = -.04), and lower others subtest (Beta = -.12). When taking the functional independence scale as the dependent variable, a higher NES total score was significantly associated with lower functioning (Beta = -0.03).Conclusion: NSS were associated to neurocognitive impairments in almost every domain among patients with schizophrenia. Further prospective research is still needed to confirm this role.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"406-423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41219709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The neutral past: emotional (dys)regulation of autobiographical memory in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia. 中性过去：行为变异性额颞叶痴呆中自传体记忆的情绪（失调）调节。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2275337

Mohamad El Haj, Dimitrios Kapogiannis, Claire Boutoleau-Bretonnière

{"title":"The neutral past: emotional (dys)regulation of autobiographical memory in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia.","authors":"Mohamad El Haj, Dimitrios Kapogiannis, Claire Boutoleau-Bretonnière","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2275337","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2275337","url":null,"abstract":"Background: While affective disturbances are a key symptomatic indicator of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), little is known about how patients process the emotional load of their autobiographical (i.e. personal) memories.Methods: We assessed the interplay of emotional regulation and autobiographical memory by inviting 18 bvFTD and 20 control participants to remember past personal events. For each memory, participants rated its emotional valence \"then\" (i.e. when the event has occurred) vs \"now\" (i.e. when retrieving the event).Results: Patients with bvFTD described their memories as neutral at both times (p = .85), while control participants rated their memories as more positive during \"then\" than during \"now\" (p = .013). Autobiographical retrieval triggered fewer emotional words (p < .001) and less specificity (p < .001) in bvFTD patients compared to control participants.Conclusions: The lack of significant differences between the emotional characteristics during \"then\" than \"now\" in patients with bvFTD (and the flattening of both) may mirror their hampered ability for emotional generation, which may be associated with difficulties in reframing their past experiences to modify and adapt their meaning. The hampered emotional regulation in bvFTD may also be associated with an avoidance strategy and a passive attitude toward the past.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"437-449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12120969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66784588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immediate post performance judgements about cognitive performance in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: associations with test performance and subjective overall judgments regarding abilities. 精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者表现后对认知表现的即时判断：与测试表现和对能力的主观总体判断的关联。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2276972

Nina Dalkner, Raeanne C Moore, Colin A Depp, Robert A Ackerman, Amy E Pinkham, Philip D Harvey

{"title":"Immediate post performance judgements about cognitive performance in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: associations with test performance and subjective overall judgments regarding abilities.","authors":"Nina Dalkner, Raeanne C Moore, Colin A Depp, Robert A Ackerman, Amy E Pinkham, Philip D Harvey","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2276972","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2276972","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The study explored associations between the accuracy of post assessment judgements of cognitive performance with global self-assessments of psychosocial functioning compared to evaluations generated by observers in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.Methods: An abbreviated cognitive assessment based on the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery was administered to 122 individuals with schizophrenia and 113 with bipolar disorder. They provided self-estimates of their performance after each subtest. In addition, self-reports on cognition, social cognition, and everyday functioning were collected and compared to observer ratings.Results: Both groups overestimated their cognitive function, but in bipolar disorder, there was 30% shared variance between task performance and self-rated task performance (vs. 5% in schizophrenia). Significant correlations were found between self-reported everyday outcomes and both actual and self-assessed performance. In schizophrenia, immediate judgements were only related to self-rated functioning, not to observer rated functioning. In bipolar disorder, impairments in self-assessment of performance correlated with observer ratings of cognitive ability, which was not observed in schizophrenia.Conclusions: While both groups showed correlations between cognitive performance and introspective accuracy, individuals with bipolar disorder showed higher accuracy in assessing their cognitive performance and other outcomes. Notably, impairments in introspective accuracy were associated with observer-rated functioning exclusively in bipolar disorder.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"450-466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10841634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71523348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitive profile in functional disorders. 功能性障碍的认知特征。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2275336

Eka Roivainen, Maria Peura, Jukka Pätsi

{"title":"Cognitive profile in functional disorders.","authors":"Eka Roivainen, Maria Peura, Jukka Pätsi","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2275336","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2275336","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Patients with functional disorders (FD) often experience cognitive problems such as forgetfulness and distractibility alongside physical symptoms that cannot be attributed to a known somatic disease.Method: Test scores of cognitive tests and psychiatric rating scales of 100 outpatients diagnosed with a functional disorder were compared to a control group (n = 300) of patients with other diagnoses and to test norms for the general population.Results: Out of the 100 patients with functional disorders, 59 reported significant subjective cognitive symptoms. A moderate difference (d = 0.5-0.7) was found between the FD group mean and the population mean in processing speed tests, as well as in four psychiatric rating scales (depression, anxiety, phobias, somatisation) but there were no statistically significant differences in verbal and nonverbal reasoning or in logical memory. Somatisation and logical verbal memory scores were higher in the FD group compared to the control group.Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that a decline in processing speed is a central feature in the cognitive profile of patients with functional disorders.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"424-436"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54232077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The association between visual hallucinations and secondary psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 视觉幻觉与继发性精神病的关系：一项系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2266872

Graham Blackman, Amber Kaur Dadwal, Maria Teixeira-Dias, Dominic Ffytche

{"title":"The association between visual hallucinations and secondary psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Graham Blackman, Amber Kaur Dadwal, Maria Teixeira-Dias, Dominic Ffytche","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2266872","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2266872","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Visual hallucinations are often considered to be suggestive of a secondary cause of psychosis, however, this association has never been assessed meta-analytically. We aimed to compare the presence of visual hallucinations in patients with psychosis due to a primary or secondary cause.Method: We conducted a meta-analysis of case-control studies directly comparing primary and secondary psychosis. A random-effects model, following the DerSimonian and Laird method, was used to pool studies and generate overall odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and prediction intervals (PI).Results: Fourteen studies (904 primary and 804 secondary psychosis patients) were included. Visual hallucinations were significantly associated with secondary psychosis (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.7-5.1, p < 0.001) with moderate between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 70%). Subgroup analysis by type of secondary psychosis (organic, drug-induced, mixed) was non-significant. Analysis of the content of visual hallucinations (51 primary and 142 secondary psychosis patients) found hallucinations of inanimate objects were significantly more likely to be associated with secondary psychosis (OR = 0.1, 95% CI = 0.01-0.8, p = 0.03).Conclusions: Visual hallucinations were strongly associated with a secondary cause of psychosis. The presence of visual hallucinations in a patient presenting with psychosis may serve as a potential \"red flag\" for a secondary cause and warrant further investigation.","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"391-405"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71434893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations between intraindividual reaction time variability and prospective memory performance in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. 精神分裂症患者和健康对照者的个体反应时间变异性与前瞻记忆表现之间的关系

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2255344

Jia-Li Liu, Tao Chen, Ji-Fang Cui, Hai-Song Shi, Ming-Yuan Gan, Ya Wang

引用次数: 0