Jacob S. Christiansen, Benjamin Eichinger, Olof Rubin
{"title":"Extremal Polynomials and Sets of Minimal Capacity","authors":"Jacob S. Christiansen, Benjamin Eichinger, Olof Rubin","doi":"10.1007/s00365-024-09690-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00365-024-09690-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article examines the asymptotic behavior of the Widom factors, denoted <span>({mathcal {W}}_n)</span>, for Chebyshev polynomials of finite unions of Jordan arcs. We prove that, in contrast to Widom’s proposal in Widom (Adv Math 3:127–232, 1969), when dealing with a single smooth Jordan arc, <span>({mathcal {W}}_n)</span> converges to 2 exclusively when the arc is a straight line segment. Our main focus is on analysing polynomial preimages of the interval <span>([-2,2])</span>, and we provide a complete description of the asymptotic behavior of <span>({mathcal {W}}_n)</span> for symmetric star graphs and quadratic preimages of <span>([-2,2])</span>. We observe that in the case of star graphs, the Chebyshev polynomials and the polynomials orthogonal with respect to equilibrium measure share the same norm asymptotics, suggesting a potential extension of the conjecture posed in Christiansen et al. (Oper Theory Adv Appl 289:301–319, 2022). Lastly, we propose a possible connection between the <i>S</i>-property and Widom factors converging to 2.</p>","PeriodicalId":50621,"journal":{"name":"Constructive Approximation","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142191523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Uniform Approximation of Continuous Couplings","authors":"Ugo Bindini, Tapio Rajala","doi":"10.1007/s00365-023-09660-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00365-023-09660-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study the approximation of non-negative multi-variate couplings in the uniform norm while matching given single-variable marginal constraints.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":50621,"journal":{"name":"Constructive Approximation","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141719788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Characteristic Polynomial of the Eigenvalue Moduli of Random Normal Matrices","authors":"Sung-Soo Byun, Christophe Charlier","doi":"10.1007/s00365-024-09689-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00365-024-09689-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study the characteristic polynomial <span>(p_{n}(x)=prod _{j=1}^{n}(|z_{j}|-x))</span> where the <span>(z_{j})</span> are drawn from the Mittag–Leffler ensemble, i.e. a two-dimensional determinantal point process which generalizes the Ginibre point process. We obtain precise large <i>n</i> asymptotics for the moment generating function <span>(mathbb {E}[e^{frac{u}{pi } , text {Im,}ln p_{n}(r)}e^{a , text {Re,}ln p_{n}(r)}])</span>, in the case where <i>r</i> is in the bulk, <span>(u in mathbb {R})</span> and <span>(a in mathbb {N})</span>. This expectation involves an <span>(n times n)</span> determinant whose weight is supported on the whole complex plane, is rotation-invariant, and has both jump- and root-type singularities along the circle centered at 0 of radius <i>r</i>. This “circular\" root-type singularity differs from earlier works on Fisher–Hartwig singularities, and surprisingly yields a new kind of ingredient in the asymptotics, the so-called <i>associated Hermite polynomials</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50621,"journal":{"name":"Constructive Approximation","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141146582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Constructing Embedded Lattice-Based Algorithms for Multivariate Function Approximation with a Composite Number of Points","authors":"Frances Y. Kuo, Weiwen Mo, Dirk Nuyens","doi":"10.1007/s00365-024-09688-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00365-024-09688-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We approximate <i>d</i>-variate periodic functions in weighted Korobov spaces with general weight parameters using <i>n</i> function values at lattice points. We do not limit <i>n</i> to be a prime number, as in currently available literature, but allow any number of points, including powers of 2, thus providing the fundamental theory for construction of embedded lattice sequences. Our results are constructive in that we provide a component-by-component algorithm which constructs a suitable generating vector for a given number of points or even a range of numbers of points. It does so without needing to construct the index set on which the functions will be represented. The resulting generating vector can then be used to approximate functions in the underlying weighted Korobov space. We analyse the approximation error in the worst-case setting under both the <span>(L_2)</span> and <span>(L_{infty })</span> norms. Our component-by-component construction under the <span>(L_2)</span> norm achieves the best possible rate of convergence for lattice-based algorithms, and the theory can be applied to lattice-based kernel methods and splines. Depending on the value of the smoothness parameter <span>(alpha )</span>, we propose two variants of the search criterion in the construction under the <span>(L_{infty })</span> norm, extending previous results which hold only for product-type weight parameters and prime <i>n</i>. We also provide a theoretical upper bound showing that embedded lattice sequences are essentially as good as lattice rules with a fixed value of <i>n</i>. Under some standard assumptions on the weight parameters, the worst-case error bound is independent of <i>d</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50621,"journal":{"name":"Constructive Approximation","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140839844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harini Desiraju, Tomas Lasic Latimer, Pieter Roffelsen
{"title":"On a Class of Elliptic Orthogonal Polynomials and their Integrability","authors":"Harini Desiraju, Tomas Lasic Latimer, Pieter Roffelsen","doi":"10.1007/s00365-024-09687-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00365-024-09687-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Building upon the recent works of Bertola; Fasondini, Olver and Xu, we define a class of orthogonal polynomials on elliptic curves and establish a corresponding Riemann–Hilbert framework. We then focus on the special case, defined by a constant weight function, and use the Riemann–Hilbert problem to derive recurrence relations and differential equations for the orthogonal polynomials. We further show that the sub-class of even polynomials is associated to the elliptic form of Painlevé VI, with the tau function given by the Hankel determinant of even moments, up to a scaling factor. The first iteration of these even polynomials relates to the special case of Painlevé VI studied by Hitchin in relation to self-dual Einstein metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":50621,"journal":{"name":"Constructive Approximation","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140627451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Expected Energy of Zeros of Elliptic Polynomials","authors":"Víctor de la Torre, Jordi Marzo","doi":"10.1007/s00365-024-09684-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00365-024-09684-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2011, Armentano, Beltrán and Shub obtained a closed expression for the expected logarithmic energy of the random point process on the sphere given by the roots of random elliptic polynomials. We consider a different approach which allows us to extend the study to the Riesz energies and to compute the expected separation distance.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":50621,"journal":{"name":"Constructive Approximation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140573030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul Catala, Mathias Hockmann, Stefan Kunis, Markus Wageringel
{"title":"Approximation and Interpolation of Singular Measures by Trigonometric Polynomials","authors":"Paul Catala, Mathias Hockmann, Stefan Kunis, Markus Wageringel","doi":"10.1007/s00365-024-09686-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00365-024-09686-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Complex valued measures of finite total variation are a powerful signal model in many applications. Restricting to the <i>d</i>-dimensional torus, finitely supported measures can be exactly recovered from their trigonometric moments up to some order if this order is large enough. Here, we consider the approximation of general measures, e.g., supported on a curve, by trigonometric polynomials of fixed degree with respect to the 1-Wasserstein distance. We prove sharp lower bounds for their best approximation and (almost) matching upper bounds for effectively computable approximations when the trigonometric moments of the measure are known. A second class of sum of squares polynomials is shown to interpolate the indicator function on the support of the measure and to converge to zero outside.</p>","PeriodicalId":50621,"journal":{"name":"Constructive Approximation","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140572932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ferrers Functions of Arbitrary Degree and Order and Related Functions","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00365-024-09683-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00365-024-09683-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Numerous novel integral and series representations for Ferrers functions of the first kind (associated Legendre functions on the cut) of arbitrary degree and order, various integral, series and differential relations connecting Ferrers functions of different orders and degrees as well as a uniform asymptotic expansion are derived in this article. Simple proofs of four generating functions for Ferrers functions are given. Addition theorems for P<span> <span>(_{nu }^{-mu }left( tanh left( alpha +beta right) right) )</span> </span> are proved by basing on generation functions for three families of hypergeometric polynomials. Relations for Gegenbauer polynomials and Ferrers associated Legendre functions (associated Legendre polynomials) are obtained as special cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":50621,"journal":{"name":"Constructive Approximation","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140573432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cathryn Glanton Holzhauer, Paul Duberstein, Erin Ward, Nancy Talbot
{"title":"Reducing posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity among depressed women with childhood sexual abuse histories in interpersonal psychotherapy-trauma: The role of improved social functioning.","authors":"Cathryn Glanton Holzhauer, Paul Duberstein, Erin Ward, Nancy Talbot","doi":"10.1037/tra0001293","DOIUrl":"10.1037/tra0001293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) increases risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and both CSA and PTSD are strongly associated with impaired social functioning. Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) has demonstrated promise for adults with PTSD and has been shown to be effective for women with PTSD and histories of CSA, but the mechanisms by which IPT might improve PTSD are unknown. The current secondary analysis tested whether the ameliorative effect of IPT-trauma (IPT-T) on PTSD, demonstrated in a randomized effectiveness trial, was mediated by improved social function.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The randomized effectiveness trial compared IPT-T to clinic psychotherapy in a publicly funded community mental health center. Women with CSA histories and major depression (<i>n</i> = 162; <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 36.3; 54% White, 38% Black, 8% other race) were randomly assigned to IPT-T or CP, and 16 free sessions of IPT-T or CP were offered within a 32-week treatment period. Eighty-eight percent of the sample met diagnostic criteria for PTSD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mediation models confirmed hypotheses, showing that the effect of IPT-T on improved PTSD symptoms at Week 32 (end of treatment) was partially mediated by better social functioning at Week 16 (middle of treatment period; path <i>c¹</i>: B = 12.25, <i>p</i> = .04, 95% confidence interval [.44, 24.05]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings support that a non-exposure-based therapy can reduce PTSD symptoms via improved social functioning. Given extensive literature showing the importance of social functioning in mental health generally and PTSD specifically, integrating a focus on social functioning (e.g., building social skills, expanding support networks) into treatments, including exposure-based treatments, may enhance outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":50621,"journal":{"name":"Constructive Approximation","volume":"21 1","pages":"S285-S292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73377277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Matrix Continued Fractions Associated with Lattice Paths, Resolvents of Difference Operators, and Random Polynomials","authors":"J. Kim, A. López-García, V. A. Prokhorov","doi":"10.1007/s00365-024-09685-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00365-024-09685-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We begin our analysis with the study of two collections of lattice paths in the plane, denoted <span>({mathcal {D}}_{[n,i,j]})</span> and <span>({mathcal {P}}_{[n,i,j]})</span>. These paths consist of sequences of <i>n</i> steps, where each step allows movement in three directions: upward (with a maximum displacement of <i>q</i> units), rightward (exactly one unit), or downward (with a maximum displacement of <i>p</i> units). The paths start from the point (0, <i>i</i>) and end at the point (<i>n</i>, <i>j</i>). In the collection <span>({mathcal {D}}_{[n,i,j]})</span>, it is a crucial constraint that paths never go below the <i>x</i>-axis, while in the collection <span>({mathcal {P}}_{[n,i,j]})</span>, paths have no such restriction. We assign weights to each path in both collections and introduce weight polynomials and generating series for them. Our main results demonstrate that certain matrices of size <span>(qtimes p)</span> associated with these generating series can be expressed as matrix continued fractions. These results extend the notable contributions previously made by Flajolet (Discrete Math 32:125–161, 1980) and Viennot (Une Théorie Combinatoire des Polynômes Orthogonaux Généraux. University of Quebec at Montreal, Lecture Notes, 1983) in the scalar case <span>(p=q=1)</span>. The generating series can also be interpreted as resolvents of one-sided or two-sided difference operators of finite order. Additionally, we analyze a class of random banded matrices <i>H</i>, which have <span>(p+q+1)</span> diagonals with entries that are independent and bounded random variables. These random variables have identical distributions along diagonals. We investigate the asymptotic behavior of the expected values of eigenvalue moments for the principal <span>(ntimes n)</span> truncation of <i>H</i> as <i>n</i> tends to infinity.</p>","PeriodicalId":50621,"journal":{"name":"Constructive Approximation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140197119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}