Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques最新文献

{"title":"Uncommon Causes of Pulmonary Hypertension With Associated Cardiomyopathy: Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cardiothoracic Manifestations","authors":"Emanuele Muscogiuri,&nbsp;Valerie Van Ballaer,&nbsp;Walter De Wever,&nbsp;Emanuele Di Dedda,&nbsp;Adriana Dubbeldam,&nbsp;Laurent Godinas,&nbsp;Marion Delcroix,&nbsp;Jan Bogaert","doi":"10.1111/echo.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a disease characterized by pathologically increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries, defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) &gt;20 mmHg at rest measured with right heart catheterization (RHC). This definition encompasses pathologies with very different pathological backgrounds, ultimately resulting in PH. For this reason, the latter can be possibly (though seldom) accompanied by cardiomyopathies, pathologies characterized by a structural and functionally abnormal myocardium not secondary to coronary disease, hypertension, valvular disease, or congenital heart disease. Notable examples of these diseases are sarcoidosis (a multi-systemic inflammatory granulomatous disease, possibly involving the lung and the heart), systemic sclerosis (SSc) (a connective tissue disease [CTD], possibly causing interstitial lung disease [ILD], direct as well indirect involvement of the cardiovascular system), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (a progressive pathological process involving the kidneys, with multi-systemic involvement and possible development of a peculiar form of cardiomyopathy, i.e., uremic cardiomyopathy [UC]). The diagnostic work-up of patients with coexistent PH and cardiomyopathies implies the use of multiple imaging techniques, with computed tomography (CT) and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) being among the most important. The knowledge of CT and MRI findings, together with a suggestive clinical picture, forms the basis for a correct diagnosis, therefore it is important for the radiologist to recognize them in complex clinical scenarios. The advent of new technologies (e.g., photon counting detectors) and the development of new artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms will further pave the way for improved diagnostic processes (also regarding this kind of pathologies) as well as allowing to perform a better prognostic evaluation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Ischemic and Nonischemic Cardiomyopathies","authors":"Farah Tamizuddin,&nbsp;Jadranka Stojanovska,&nbsp;Danielle Toussie,&nbsp;Anna Shmukler,&nbsp;Leon Axel,&nbsp;Ranjini Srinivasan,&nbsp;Kana Fujikura,&nbsp;Jordi Broncano,&nbsp;Luba Frank,&nbsp;Geraldine Villasana-Gomez","doi":"10.1111/echo.70106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cardiomyopathies represent a diverse group of heart diseases that can be broadly classified into ischemic and nonischemic etiologies, each requiring distinct diagnostic approaches. Noninvasive imaging modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), play a pivotal role in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognosis of these conditions. This paper reviews the characteristic CT and MRI findings associated with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM), focusing on their ability to provide detailed anatomical, functional, and tissue characterization. In ICM, CT and MRI reveal myocardial scarring, infarct size, and coronary artery disease, while MRI further distinguishes tissue viability through late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Conversely, nonischemic cardiomyopathies demonstrate a wide array of findings, with MRI's LGE pattern analysis being particularly critical for identifying specific subtypes, such as restrictive, hypertrophic, or dilated cardiomyopathies. By comparing the strengths and limitations of these modalities, this paper highlights their complementary roles in improving diagnostic accuracy, risk stratification, prognosis, and therapeutic decision making in both ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reference Ranges of Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain by Contemporary Vendor-Neutral Echocardiography Software in Healthy Subjects","authors":"Aro Daniela Arockiam,&nbsp;Tiffany Dong,&nbsp;Ankit Agrawal,&nbsp;Joseph El Dahdah,&nbsp;Elio Haroun,&nbsp;Muhammad Majid,&nbsp;Sharmeen Sorathia,&nbsp;Richard A. Grimm,&nbsp;Patrick Collier,&nbsp;Leonardo Rodriguez,&nbsp;Zoran B. Popovic,&nbsp;Brian P. Griffin,&nbsp;Tom Kai Ming Wang","doi":"10.1111/echo.70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) by speckle-tracking transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is an established measure of left ventricular systolic function with many clinical applications. Strain software has evolved to achieve vendor-neutrality in recent developments, although there is a notable absence of external validation studies. We assessed the normal ranges and associated factors of two-dimensional LVGLS quantification by TomTec, EchoPAC, VVI, and Epsilon contemporary strain software in a healthy cross-sectional cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred healthy subjects undergoing TTE during January–April 2023 at our institution were cross-sectionally recruited, 20 per age-group, 50% were female, and 50% had GE and 50% Philips scans. TomTec version 51.02 (Autostrain LV), EchoPAC version 206 (AFI-LV), VVI version (V.2.00-070730), and Epsilon (5.0.2.11295) were utilized to quantify two-dimensional LVGLS in all patients for comparative and regression analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Means and lower limits of normal (95% confidence intervals) of LVGLS were −17.1% (−17.5%, −16.7%) and −14.7% (−15.4%, −14.0%) for TomTec; −17.8% (−18.4%, −17.2%) and −14.4% (−15.3%, −13.5%) for EchoPAC; −16.3% (−16.9%, −15.7%) and −13.0% (−13.9%, −12.1%) for VVI; and −17.0% (−17.6%, −16.4%) and −12.8% (−13.8%, −11.8%) for Epsilon. Factors significantly associated with LVGLS measurements in multivariable regression analyses with their beta-coefficients (95% CI) were female −1.36 (−2.12, −0.59), heart rate (per 10 bpm) with a coefficient of 0.38 (0.10–0.66), left ventricular ejection fraction (per 10%) −1.03 (−1.72, −0.34), and EchoPAC (vs. TomTec) −0.62 (−1.2, 0.0), VVI (vs. TomTec) 0.82 (0.23, 1.41) and Epsilon (vs. TomTec) 0.13 (−0.45, 0.72).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LVGLS measurements were feasible across all four strain software on both GE and Philips scans in this study. Reference ranges to define normal, abnormal, and borderline LVGLS values along with associated factors in healthy patients are reported to enable clinical applications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/echo.70102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of Ultrahigh-Resolution Photon-Counting Detector Computed Tomography in Cardiac Imaging","authors":"Dmitrij Kravchenko,&nbsp;Muhammad Taha Hagar,&nbsp;Milan Vecsey-Nagy,&nbsp;Giuseppe Tremamunno,&nbsp;Bálint Szilveszter,&nbsp;Borbála Vattay,&nbsp;Emese Zsarnóczay,&nbsp;Sámuel Beke,&nbsp;Pál Maurovich-Horvat,&nbsp;Tilman Emrich,&nbsp;Akos Varga-Szemes","doi":"10.1111/echo.70100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It was only fitting that when computed tomography (CT) was celebrating its 50th birthday since its maiden scan in 1971, it was also entering into a new generation in 2021 with the Food and Drug Administration's approval of the first photon-counting detector (PCD)-CT. As non-invasive cardiac imaging is evolving into an ever more important medical field, the introduction of this new technology promises a slew of improvements over energy-integrating detector (EID)-CTs, most importantly improved spatial resolution in the form of ultrahigh-resolution (UHR) imaging, reduced radiation exposure, and routinely acquired spectral information. Spatial resolution has historically been a key hurdle for cardiac CT, especially for coronary imaging where structures in the realm of 2 mm need to be assessed. Initial reports on the use of PCD-CT in cardiac imaging so far have been promising, but many questions ranging from standardized scan protocols to evidence-based recommendations remain. The aim of this review is to discuss the currently available literature regarding the use of UHR PCD-CT for cardiac imaging and explore if it has led to changes in guidelines or patient workflows.</p>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/echo.70100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Applications in Cardiac CT Imaging for Ischemic Disease Assessment","authors":"Gianluca G. Siciliano,&nbsp;Carlotta Onnis,&nbsp;Jaret Barr,&nbsp;Marly van Assen,&nbsp;Carlo N. De Cecco","doi":"10.1111/echo.70098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed medical imaging by detecting insights and patterns often imperceptible to the human eye, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. In cardiovascular imaging, numerous AI models have been developed for cardiac computed tomography (CCT), a primary tool for assessing coronary artery disease (CAD). CCT provides comprehensive, non-invasive assessment, including plaque burden, stenosis severity, and functional assessments such as CT-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRct). Its prognostic value in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) has increased the demand for CCT, consequently adding to radiologists’ workloads. This review aims to examine AI's role in CCT for ischemic heart disease, highlighting its potential to streamline workflows and improve the efficiency of cardiac care through machine learning and deep learning applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Afterload in Patients With Acute Reduction in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Following Mitral Valve Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair","authors":"Kaho Hashimoto,&nbsp;Tomoo Nagai,&nbsp;Norihiko Kamioka,&nbsp;Satoshi Noda,&nbsp;Hitomi Horinouchi,&nbsp;Tsutomu Murakami,&nbsp;Junichi Miyamoto,&nbsp;Koichiro Yoshioka,&nbsp;Yohei Ohno,&nbsp;Yuji Ikari","doi":"10.1111/echo.70095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.70095","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mechanisms and clinical importance of acute reduction (ARD) in left ventricular (LV) function following transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) for mitral regurgitation (MR) remains unclear. This study aimed to non-invasively evaluate the cardio-mechanical parameters, including end-systolic elastance (Ees) and arterial elastance (Ea), to explore their association with ARD following mitral TEER.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a retrospective analysis of serial transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) studies before and after mitral TEER. Cardio-mechanical parameters were evaluated non-invasively using a modified single-beat method. After the exclusion of nine patients requiring intravenous catecholamine infusion, the study cohort comprised 49 consecutive patients (25 men; mean age: 81 ± 9 years) with successful mitral TEER. ARD in LV function was defined as a decrease in LV ejection fraction (LVEF) of ≥5 points following the procedure by TTE, which was reported in 18 patients. The hospitalization period was longer in patients with ARD in LVEF than in those without ARD (5.5 days vs. 4 days, <i>p</i> = 0.031). Following improvement in MR, Ea increased (1.54 ± 0.49 mmHg/mL vs. 1.84 ± 0.55 mmHg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.004). Linear regression analysis revealed a correlation between Δtotal stroke volume (SV) and ΔEa (<i>r</i> = 0.614, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Notably, ΔEa was higher in patients with ARD in LVEF than in those without ARD in LVEF (0.60 ± 0.73 mmHg/mL vs. 0.14 ± 0.39 mmHg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.006).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ARD in LVEF after mitral TEER was reported in a substantial proportion of patients and may have prognostic implications. Evaluating cardio-mechanical parameters may aid in understanding complex hemodynamics and guiding treatment strategies for patients with MR undergoing TEER.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Left Ventricular Myocardial Work Indices Post-TAVR: A New Paradigm for Prognosis in Aortic Stenosis","authors":"Erwan Donal,&nbsp;Frédéric Myon","doi":"10.1111/echo.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.70034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Hemangioma: A Rare Cause of Obstruction","authors":"Huiying Chen,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Laichun Song,&nbsp;Xiaojing Ma","doi":"10.1111/echo.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cardiac hemangiomas (CH) arise predominantly from the epicardium and their location in the right ventricular outflow tract is uncommon; we report a unique case of RVOT cardiac hemangioma. Urgent operative intervention resulted in immediate relief and was associated with an uneventful recovery.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valve It Right? Can Transthoracic Imaging Prevent CIED-Induced Tricuspid Regurgitation?","authors":"Corentin Bourg,&nbsp;Erwan Donal","doi":"10.1111/echo.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The subcostal en face view of the tricuspid valve has emerged as a promising echocardiographic technique for visualizing right ventricular (RV) lead positions in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). This approach offers the potential to prevent tricuspid regurgitation (TR) by allowing rhythmologists to adjust lead positions in real time, ensuring optimal device placement and minimizing valve interference. A study by Zach et al. (2024) demonstrated the feasibility of this technique in 64% of patients, offering a viable alternative when 3D echocardiography is unavailable or non-diagnostic. The study found no significant correlation between lead position and TR severity, suggesting that other factors may contribute to TR development. While the subcostal en face view holds significant promise, limitations such as poor image quality in patients with obesity, abdominal pathologies, or multiple leads, as well as the need for experience to maximize success rates, must be addressed. Future prospective studies are needed to validate the clinical benefits of the subcostal en face view during CIED implantation, including its impact on procedural duration and TR prevention. This technique represents an important step toward enhancing patient safety and improving CIED implantation protocols.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodality Imaging of Bilateral Ductus Arteriosus in a Patient With Complex Heterotaxy and a Univentricular Heart","authors":"Kathryn Hughes Schwartzman,&nbsp;Utkarsh Kohli","doi":"10.1111/echo.70057","DOIUrl":"10.1111/echo.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The images presented show heterotaxy (right atrial isomerism), mitral and pulmonary valve atresia, single ventricle physiology, non-confluent branch pulmonary arteries supplied by ipsilateral ductus, and a large VSD. Non-confluent branch pulmonary arteries which are supplied by bilateral ducts are a rare cardiac anomaly which is illustrated by multimodality imaging in this patient.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}