Journal of Clinical Densitometry最新文献

{"title":"The Effect of a Compression Bandage on Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Body Composition Scores","authors":"Yamileth Chacón-Araya ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Carpio-Rivera ,&nbsp;Andrea Quirós-Quirós ,&nbsp;José Moncada-Jiménez","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Background</em>: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measures are affected by the noise produced by external factors such as textile compression found in loose clothing. The study aimed to determine the effect of a compression bandage (CB) on body composition (BC) assessed by DXA.</p><p><em>Methods</em><span>: Sixty volunteers (age=21.4±4.7yr.) underwent full-body DXA scans on a control (CTRL) condition and after wearing a 30-mmHg CB on the trunk, legs, and arms. ANOVA (2 genders by 2 experimental conditions) determined mean interactions in BC variables tissue body fat% (BF%), region body fat% (RBF%), body tissue (BT), fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), bone mineral content (BMC), and total mass (TM). Absolute reliability in BC scores was studied by the typical error of the measurement (TEM), the coefficient of variability (CV), and Bland-Altman plots.</span></p><p><em>Results</em>: ANOVA interactions were found on tissue total BF% (p=0.049), RBF% (p=0.048), android lean mass (p=0.004), and android total mass (p=0.019). The CV was small for tissue BF% (2.61±0.93%, CI95%=0.79, 4.43%), RBF% (2.66±1.78%, CI95%=-0.83, 6.15%), BT (4.82±2.19%, CI95%=0.54, 9.10kg), FM (4.17±2.25%, CI95%=-0.24, 8.58kg), LM (3.25±2.44%, CI95%=-1.53, 8.04kg), BMC (4.81±2.96%, CI95%=-0.99, 10.62kg), and TM (2.84±2.80%, CI95%=-2.65, 8.33kg). Bland-Altman plots showed random error for BF%, LM, and BMC. A bias of 0.5% was observed on BF% in males.</p><p><em>Conclusion</em>: A CB worn during a full-body DXA scan elicited similar BC scores than not wearing it. The variation in scores was &lt;10% for most BC variables, and a trivial bias of 0.5% in BF% was detected in male scores.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"27 1","pages":"Article 101461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138566014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fixed and Relative Positioning of Scans for High Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography","authors":"Annabel R. Bugbird ,&nbsp;Rachel E. Klassen ,&nbsp;Olivia L. Bruce ,&nbsp;Lauren A. Burt ,&nbsp;W. Brent Edwards ,&nbsp;Steven K. Boyd","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Introduction</em><span>: High resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) imaging protocol requires defining where to position the ∼1 cm thick scan along the bone length. Discrepancies between the use of two positioning methods, the relative and fixed offset, may be problematic in the comparison between studies and participants. This study investigated how bone landmarks scale linearly with length and how this scaling affects both positioning methods aimed at providing a consistent anatomical location for scan acquisition.</span></p><p><em>Methods</em>: Using CT images of the radius (<em>N</em><span> = 25) and tibia (</span><em>N</em><span> = 42), 10 anatomical landmarks were selected along the bone length. The location of these landmarks was converted to a percent length along the bone, and the variation in their location was evaluated across the dataset. The absolute location of the HR-pQCT scan position using both offset methods was identified for all bones and converted to a percent length position relative to the HR-pQCT reference line for comparison. A secondary analysis of the location of the scan region specifically within the metaphysis was explored at the tibia.</span></p><p><em>Results</em><span>: The location of landmarks deviated from a linear relationship across the dataset, with a range of 3.6 % at the radius sites, and 4.5 % at the tibia sites. The consequent variation of the position of the scan at the radius was 0.6 % and 0.3 %, and at the tibia 2.4 % and 0.5 %, for the fixed and relative offset, respectively. The position of the metaphyseal junction with the epiphysis relative to the scan position was poorly correlated to bone length, with </span><em>R</em>² = 0.06 and 0.37, for the fixed and relative offset respectively.</p><p><em>Conclusion</em><span>: The variation of the scan position by either method is negated by the intrinsic variation of the bone anatomy with respect both to total bone length as well as the metaphyseal region. Therefore, there is no clear benefit of either offset method. However, the lack of difference due to the inherent variation in the underlying anatomy implies that it is reasonable to compare studies even if they are using different positioning methods.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"27 1","pages":"Article 101462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138565942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture Risk with Modified FRAX in Men Living with HIV","authors":"Alline Peralta Castro ,&nbsp;Kamylla Batista Brito ,&nbsp;Thirza Damasceno Ramos Oliva ,&nbsp;Isabella Mesquita Sfair Silva ,&nbsp;Beatriz de Souza Kato ,&nbsp;Gisele Alves Morikawa Caldeira ,&nbsp;Flávia Marques Santos ,&nbsp;Rosana Maria Feio Libonati","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Background</em><span><span>: Aging of the HIV-infected population and prolonged use of ARTs, produced metabolic alterations, including increased fracture risk. FRAX is a validated, computer-based clinical fracture risk calculator which estimates 10-year risk of major fracture, and </span>hip fracture<span>. However may underestimate risk in HIV-infected individuals. Several experts recommend considering HIV a cause of secondary osteoporosis.</span></span></p><p><em>Methodology</em>: Were included 52 men living with HIV, classified as high, moderate and low risk using ABRASSO graphic tool.</p><p><em>Results</em><span><span>: High risk prevalence found for major fracture and hip fracture were both 2 (4.2 %) using FRAX; while 10 (20.8 %) and 14 (29.2 %) using modified FRAX, respectively. Considering bone densitometry, 5 (12.8 %) were high risk for hip fracture and was noticed an increase in high risk major fracture from 4.2 % with FRAX to 5.1 % with FRAX considering bone densitometry. As for the low risk, 19 (39.6 %) for major fracture and 23 (47.9 %) for hip fracture with FRAX. While low risk modified FRAX were 0 (0 %) for major fracture and 8 (16.7 %) for hip fracture. It was also evidenced an association of high risk for major fracture and hip fracture with modified FRAX using </span>Fisher's exact test [p=0.0273 (bilateral)].</span></p><p><em>Conclusion</em><span>: It was concluded is recommended using modified FRAX for people living with HIV for better control and therapeutic decision-making about osteometabolic alterations provocated for the virus and ARTs.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"27 1","pages":"Article 101460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138566455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry: Radiographer'S Role in Assessing Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) Questionnaire Variables","authors":"Moreno Zanardo ,&nbsp;Cinzia Mennini ,&nbsp;Pierluigi Glielmo ,&nbsp;Stefano Fusco ,&nbsp;Domenico Albano ,&nbsp;Carmelo Messina","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Background</em>: The FRAX® algorithm is a tool used to calculate the 10-year probability of fracture in patients with osteoporosis and is based the assessment of several risk factors. We assessed the performance and accuracy of the completion of the FRAX® anamnestic questionnaire by the radiographer without impact on the clinical workflow.</p><p><em>Methodology</em>: We evaluated the accuracy of fracture risk calculation by the radiographer using the FRAX® algorithm before and after specific training. A total of 100 women were enrolled in the study. The radiographer preliminarily administered the FRAX® questionnaire to all subjects before the execution of the DXA examination. After the end of the examination, a radiologist administered the questionnaire to the patient. Women were divided into two groups: group A (pre-training) and group B (post-training). The radiographer in group A completed the FRAX® questionnaire for the patients before training. For group B, the same radiographer completed the FRAX® questionnaire after training. The results of the FRAX® questionnaire completed by radiographer were compared with that completed by the referring physician.</p><p><em>Results</em>: Before training, radiographer's accuracy ranged from 92% (question 7, alcohol consumption) to 36% (question 6, secondary osteoporosis). After training, accuracy values improved substantially, ranging from 100% to 92%. Analysis of the absolute values of FRAX® showed that in the pre-training group data tended to be overestimated by the radiographer, with both major and fractures probabilities being significantly higher when assessed by the radiographer (12% and 5.8%, respectively). After the training, there was a marked decrease in the variation between the FRAX® data calculated by the radiographer and the radiologist.</p><p><em>Conclusions</em>: The accuracy of fracture risk calculation by the radiographer using the FRAX® algorithm is significantly improved after a specific training period. This study demonstrates the importance of dedicated training radiographers on the FRAX® algorithm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"27 1","pages":"Article 101458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1094695023001087/pdfft?md5=98076953b49d82e5305a9708d8aa844b&pid=1-s2.0-S1094695023001087-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138554324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Survey of the Bone Densitometry Evaluation Process Within an Integrated Healthcare System","authors":"Melissa J.A. Steffen ,&nbsp;Kimberly D. McCoy ,&nbsp;Michelle A. Mengeling ,&nbsp;Karla L. Miller ,&nbsp;Heather Davila ,&nbsp;Shylo E. Wardyn ,&nbsp;Amal Shibli-Rahhal ,&nbsp;Irfan Farukhi Bone Densitometry Survey Work Group ,&nbsp;Samantha L. Solimeo","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Background</em><span>: To assess the current state of bone mineral density evaluation services via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provided to Veterans with fracture risk through the development and administration of a nationwide survey of facilities in the Veterans Health Administration.</span></p><p><em>Methodology</em><span>: The Bone Densitometry Survey was developed by convening a Work Group of individuals with expertise in bone densitometry and engaging the Work Group in an iterative drafting and revision process. Once completed, the survey was beta tested, administered through REDCap, and sent via e-mail to points of contact at 178 VHA facilities.</span></p><p><em>Results</em>: Facility response rate was 31 % (56/178). Most DXA centers reported positively to markers of readiness for their bone densitometers: less than 10 years old (n=35; 63 %); in “excellent” or “good” condition (n=44; 78 %, 32 % and 46 %, respectively); and perform phantom calibration (n=43; 77 %). Forty-one DXA centers (73 %) use intake processes that have been shown to reduce errors. Thirty-seven DXA centers (66 %) reported their technologists receive specialized training in DXA, while 14 (25 %) indicated they receive accredited training. Seventeen DXA centers (30 %) reported performing routine precision assessment.</p><p><em>Conclusions</em>: Many DXA centers reported using practices that meet minimal standards for DXA reporting and preparation; however, the lack of standardization, even within an integrated healthcare system, indicates an opportunity for quality improvement to ensure consistent high quality bone mineral density evaluation of Veterans.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"27 1","pages":"Article 101459"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138566133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry Trends Among US Medicare Beneficiaries: 2005–2019","authors":"Tyler Prout ,&nbsp;Casey Pelzl ,&nbsp;Eric W. Christensen ,&nbsp;Neil Binkley ,&nbsp;John Schousboe ,&nbsp;Diane Krueger","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Introduction</em>: Bone density measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) volume, performance site and interpreters have changed in the US since 2005. The purpose of this report is to provide updated trends in DXA counts, rates, place of service and interpreter specialty for the Medicare fee-for-service population.</p><p><em>Methods</em>: The 100 % Medicare Physician/Supplier Procedure Summary Limited Data Set between 2005–2019 was used. DXA counts and annual rates per 10,000 Medicare beneficiaries were calculated. Annual distributions of scan performance location, provider type and interpreter specialty were described. Place of service trends (significance assigned at <em>p</em><span> &lt; 0.05) of the mean annual share of DXA utilization were identified using linear regression.</span></p><p><em>Results</em>: Annual DXA use per 10,000 beneficiaries peaked in 2008 at 832, declined to 656 in 2015 then increased (<em>p</em><span> &lt; 0.001) by 38 per year to 807 in 2019. From 2005 to 2019 DXA performance in office settings declined from 70.7 % to 47.2 %. Concurrently, outpatient hospital (OH) DXA increased from 28.6 % to 51.7 %. In 2005, 43.5 % of DXAs were interpreted by radiologists. This increased (</span><em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) in the office and OH, averaging 0.3 and 2.0 percentage points per year respectively, reaching 73.5 % in 2019. Interpretation by most non-radiologist specialties declined (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</p><p><em>Conclusions</em>: From 2005–2019, total DXA use among Medicare beneficiaries declined reaching a nadir in 2015 then returned to 2005 levels by 2019. Office DXA declined since 2005 with 51.7 % of all scans now occurring in an OH setting. The proportion of DXAs interpreted by radiologists increased over time, reaching 73.5 % in 2019.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"27 1","pages":"Article 101456"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-Analysis on the Association Between DPP-4 Inhibitors and Bone Mineral Density and Osteoporosis","authors":"Lili Huang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhong ,&nbsp;Xinghuan Liang ,&nbsp;Huijuan Wang ,&nbsp;Shi-en Fu ,&nbsp;Zuojie Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><strong>Background</strong> Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) frequently coexists with osteoporosis and reduced bone mineral density (BMD). Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), a class of antihyperglycemic agents, are commonly employed in T2DM treatment. However, the influence of DPP-4i on bone health remains unclear and debated. This meta-analysis is conducted to explore the relationship between the use of DPP-4i and changes in BMD, as well as the prevalence of osteoporosis among T2DM patients.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong> We conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases for relevant studies published up until June 2023. Studies included in the meta-analysis were those investigating T2DM patients under DPP-4i treatment, and examining the effects on BMD and osteoporosis. Random-effects models and fixed-effect models were utilized to compute the pooled effects. Heterogeneity among the included studies was evaluated using <em>I²</em> statistics.</p><p><strong>Results</strong> This meta-analysis incorporated a total of 10 studies, encompassing a combined population of 214,541 individuals. The results from this meta-analysis indicated an increase in BMD following DPP-4i usage (SMD 0.15, 95 % confidence interval 0.03-0.26). Additionally, the risk of osteoporosis was significantly reduced (OR 0.90, 95 % confidence interval 0.86-0.94) with very low heterogeneity, recorded at 0 % and 53.0 % respectively. No publication bias was detected in the funnel plot, and sensitivity analyses affirmed the stability of the study's conclusions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong> Our results offer valuable insights into the positive impact of DPP-4i on bone health in T2DM patients, contributing to informed clinical decision-making. These findings may inform the development of more comprehensive T2DM management strategies that account for bone health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"27 1","pages":"Article 101455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1094695023001051/pdfft?md5=600dd9ccbda7314b8eec2b83edaf854d&pid=1-s2.0-S1094695023001051-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperprolactinemia Due to Prolactinoma has an Adverse Impact on Bone Health with Predominant Impact on Trabecular Bone: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Lakshmi Nagendra ,&nbsp;Deep Dutta ,&nbsp;Sunetra Mondal ,&nbsp;Nitin Kapoor ,&nbsp;Ameya Joshi ,&nbsp;Saptarshi Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Background:</em><span> No meta-analysis has holistically analysed and summarized the effect of prolactin excess due to prolactinomas on bone mineral metabolism. We undertook this meta-analysis to address this knowledge-gap. </span><em>Methods:</em><span> Electronic databases were searched for studies having patients with hyperprolactinemia<span> due to prolactinoma and the other being a matched control group. The primary outcome was to evaluate the differences in BMD Z-scores at different sites. The secondary outcomes of this study were to evaluate the alterations in bone mineral density, bone mineral content and the occurrence of fragility fractures. </span></span><em>Results:</em><span> Data from 4 studies involving 437 individuals was analysed to find out the impact of prolactinoma on bone mineral metabolism. Individuals with prolactinoma had significantly lower Z scores at the lumbar spine [MD -1.08 (95 % CI: -1.57 – -0.59); </span><em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001; I² = 54 % (moderate heterogeneity)] but not at the femur neck [MD -1.31 (95 % CI: -3.07 – 0.45); <em>P</em> = 0.15; I² = 98 % (high heterogeneity)] as compared to controls. Trabecular thickness of the radius [MD -0.01 (95 % CI: -0.02 – -0.00); <em>P</em><span> = 0.0006], tibia [MD -0.01 (95 % CI: -0.02 – -0.00); P=0.03] and cortical thickness of the radius [MD -0.01 (95 % CI: -0.19 – -0.00); </span><em>P</em><span> = 0.04] was significantly lower in patients with prolactinoma as compared to controls. The occurrence of fractures was significantly higher in patients with prolactinoma as compared to controls [OR 3.21 (95 % CI: 1.64 – 6.26); </span><em>P</em> = 0.0006] <em>Conclusion:</em><span> Bone mass is adversely affected in patients with hyperprolactinemia due to prolactinoma with predominant effects on the trabecular bone.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"27 1","pages":"Article 101453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138501672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the Type of Exercise Training on Bone Health Parameters in Adolescent Girls: A Systematic Review","authors":"Abdel Jalil Berro ,&nbsp;Wassim El Hawly ,&nbsp;Gisèle El Khoury ,&nbsp;Zaher El Hage ,&nbsp;Ayyappan Jayavel ,&nbsp;Ayoub Saeidi ,&nbsp;Ismail Laher ,&nbsp;Antonio Pinti ,&nbsp;Youssef Bassim ,&nbsp;Anthony C. Hackney ,&nbsp;Urs Granacher ,&nbsp;Hassane Zouhal ,&nbsp;Rawad El Hage","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Interventional studies offer strong evidence for exercise's osteogenic impact on bone particularly during growth. With rising osteoporosis rates in older women, enhancing bone strength early in life is crucial. Thus, investigating the osteogenic effects of different types of physical activities in young females is crucial. Despite varied findings, only two </span>systematic reviews<span> tried to explore this topic without examining how different types of exercise may affect bone health in adolescent girls. The first aim of this systematic review was to assess the impact of exercise training on bone health parameters in adolescent girls, and the second aim was to investigate whether the type of exercise training can modulate this effect. A systematic literature search was conducted using common electronic databases from inception - January 2023. Seven studies (355 participants) were eligible for inclusion in this systematic review. Two studies dealt with resistance training, 3 studies applied plyometric training, 1 study used team sports, and 1 study used dancing. Results indicate that plyometric training increases </span></span>lumbar spine<span> bone mass in adolescent girls. Well-designed randomized controlled trials with a proper training period (&gt; 12 weeks) are needed to advocate a specific type of training which has the highest osteogenic effect.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"27 1","pages":"Article 101454"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138484538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Bone Mineral Changes in Panoramic Radiographs of Hypothyroid and Hyperthyroid Patients Using Fractal Dimension Analysis","authors":"Elif Meltem Aslan Ozturk ,&nbsp;Aslihan Artas","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><strong>Objective</strong><span><span> Hyperthyroidism<span><span> and hypothyroidism are endocrinopathies that cause a decrease in bone mineral density. The aim of this study is to investigate possible bone changes in the </span>mandible caused by hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism using fractal analysis (FA) on </span></span>panoramic radiographs.</span></p><p><strong>Material and Methods</strong><span> Panoramic radiographs of a total of 180 patients, including 120 patient groups (60 hyperthyroid, 60 hypothyroid) and 60 healthy control groups, were used. Five regions of interests (ROI) were determined from panoramic radiographs and FA was performed. ROI1: geometric midpoint of mandibular notch and mandibular foramen, ROI2: geometric midpoint of mandibular angle, ROI3: anterior of mental foramen, ROI4: basal cortical area from distal mental foramen to distal root of first molar, ROI5: geometric center of mandibular foramen and mandibular ramus.</span></p><p><strong>Results</strong> While a significant difference was observed between the patient and control groups regarding ROI1 and ROI2 (p &lt; 0.05); there was no significant difference between the groups in relation to ROI3, ROI4, and ROI5. All FA values were lower in the hyperthyroid group than in the hypothyroid group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong><span><span> Fractal analysis proves to be an effective method for early detection of bone mass changes. In the present study, it was concluded that while the mandibular cortical bone<span> was intact, trabecular rich regions were affected by osteoporosis caused by thyroid hormones. Necessary precautions should be taken against the risk of osteoporosis </span></span>in patients with thyroid hormone disorders.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"27 1","pages":"Article 101443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}