Journal of Clinical Densitometry最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Cognitive Functions and Bone Health in the Elderly: The NHANES, 2013-2014","authors":"Sumbal Javaid ,&nbsp;Qi Meng ,&nbsp;Xinwei Wang ,&nbsp;Chao Ma ,&nbsp;Yanlin Duan ,&nbsp;Shuman Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examined the association of cognitive function with bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis, and osteopenia. We identified 1070 participants (528 men) aged ≥60 years or older from the NHANES, 2013-2014. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Cognitive function was assessed using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) Word Learning sub-test, Animal Fluency test, and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). After adjusting for covariates, one standard deviation increase in the DSST score was associated with increased BMD of the total hip (<em>β</em> = 0.022, <em>P</em> = 0.007), femoral neck (<em>β</em> = 0.024 <em>P</em> = 0.004), and lumbar spine (<em>β</em> = 0.025, <em>P</em> = 0.005) in females. When comparing females in the highest quartile of the DSST score to those in the lowest quartile, the highest score group was associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis [odds ratio (OR), 0.25; 95 % CI, 0.09–0.70] and osteopenia [OR, 0.35 (0.16–0.76)]. No associations were found between the CERAD test, Animal Fluency test, and bone health in females, or between cognitive function and bone health in males. In conclusion, higher DSST scores were associated with higher BMD and lower risk of osteoporosis and osteopenia in elderly females.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 101626"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sacral Slope as an Early Marker of Postural Change in Postmenopausal Women with Low Bone Mass","authors":"Benil Nesli ATA ,&nbsp;Ece CINAR","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Objectives:</em> To assess the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and sagittal spinopelvic alignment in postmenopausal women with low bone mass.</div><div><em>Methods:</em> Ninety-two postmenopausal women diagnosed with osteopenia or osteoporosis based on DEXA T-scores were retrospectively analyzed. Spinopelvic parameters—sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), pelvic incidence (PI), and lumbar lordosis (LL)—were measured using lateral radiographs. Clinical and demographic variables were compared between groups using appropriate statistical methods.</div><div><em>Results:</em> Among all parameters, only SS showed a statistically significant difference between osteoporotic and osteopenic women (p = 0.037). No significant correlations were found between BMD and parity, menopause age, or vitamin D levels. Osteoporotic women had lower SS values. Other spinopelvic and demographic parameters did not differ significantly between groups.</div><div><em>Conclusion:</em> Alterations in SS may represent early postural and biomechanical adaptations to declining bone strength in postmenopausal women. As a determinant of sagittal alignment, SS influences pelvic orientation and lumbar curvature. Its reduction may signal a forward shift in the center of gravity, increasing fall risk. Incorporating SS evaluation into standard imaging may aid early identification of at-risk individuals. Prospective studies are needed to confirm its clinical relevance and predictive value for fractures and functional decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 101627"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Health ECHO Case Report: Optimizing Bone Health in Low Fracture Risk Patient after Renal Transplant Treated with Chronic Glucocorticoids: A Case Study","authors":"Asma Aljaberi ,&nbsp;S. Bobo Tanner ,&nbsp;E. Michael Lewiecki","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bone Health ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) is a virtual learning model established by University of New Mexico in 2015 to enhance global skeletal healthcare by supporting case-based discussions and best-practice sharing among clinicians. This case report highlights the presentation and discussion with Bone Health ECHO participants of a young patient with a history of lupus nephritis and a renal transplant 12 years prior, and maintained on chronic systemic glucocorticoids. Despite normal renal function and bone turnover markers, questions arose regarding the optimal approach to long-term skeletal management as the bone mass density is below expected for age. The discussion provided insights into managing such complex cases, emphasizing the importance of individualized care strategies in patients with unique risk factors for skeletal fragility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 101624"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composite Indices of Femoral Neck Strength in Young Adult Male Volleyball Players","authors":"Ibrahim Fayad,&nbsp;Antonio Pinti,&nbsp;Hassane Zouhal,&nbsp;Rawad El Hage","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101622","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 101622"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144810445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the effect of DXA scanner drift on misclassification of bone density change: The Manitoba BMD registry","authors":"William D. Leslie ,&nbsp;Sajjad Aftabi ,&nbsp;John T. Schousboe ,&nbsp;Diane Krueger ,&nbsp;Neil Binkley","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bone mineral density (BMD) measurement with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is widely used to assess osteoporosis and monitor BMD in untreated and treated individuals. Systematic sources of error can occur with DXA scanners, including calibration drift. Publications suggest a drift tolerance in the range 0.5 % to 1.5 %, but are not evidence- based. The current study was performed to directly determine how varying degrees of simulated DXA calibration drift would affect misclassification of BMD change in routine clinical practice. Using data from the Manitoba Bone Density Program, we accessed results for 14,942 individuals age 40 years and older undergoing baseline and repeat fan-beam DXA measurements of the total hip within an interval of 1-5 years. A small amount of simulated drift (absolute 0.003 g/cm² or relative 0.25 %) had little effect, and resulted in less than 5 % BMD change misclassification. Misclassification exceeded 10 % with absolute BMD drift greater than 0.006 g/cm² or relative drift over 0.75 %, and was greater than 35 % for absolute BMD drift of 0.024 g/cm². Similar trends were seen when results were stratified according to use of anti-osteoporosis medication, when varying the least significant change (LSC), and for evaluating lumbar spine BMD change. In summary, relatively small degrees of DXA calibration drift can have large effects on misclassifying BMD change. Our results support a calibration drift tolerance of 0.006 g/cm² or 0.5 %. These findings may help to guide timing for DXA scanner servicing and repair.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 101620"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships between physical activity and bone mineral content and lean mass in Mexican adolescents","authors":"Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Desiree López-González ,&nbsp;Patricia Clark ,&nbsp;Paloma Muñoz-Aguirre ,&nbsp;Ricardo Francisco Capozza ,&nbsp;Jose Luis Ferretti ,&nbsp;Gustavo Roberto Cointry","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction/Background:</em> The acquisition and maintenance of bone and lean mass health are significantly influenced by the mechanical environment of the skeleton, with physical activity emerging as an important factor. Our hypothesis proposes that high-impact physical activity improves bone mineral content and lean mass relationship in healthy adolescents depending on gender, pubertal maturity and skeletal location.</div><div><em>Methodology:</em> We assessed the relation between bone mineral content, and lean mass in whole-body and limbs and leisure-time physical activity in Mexican children and adolescents. We conducted an analysis using data from the “Reference values of body composition in Mexican children and adolescents’ study”, which is a population-based, cross-sectional study. Using standardized protocols, Lunar iDXA instrumentation was used to measure whole-body bone mineral content and lean mass. Using a validated questionnaire, adapted for the Mexican population, the leisure-time physical activity level and the “inactive” condition were determined. ANOVA test was conducted to evaluate curve fitness and produce best-fit equations. Additionally, we used ANCOVA test to evaluate the differences between slopes and intercepts of the curves.</div><div><em>Results:</em> All relationships between bone mineral content and lean mass across various regions were highly significant for all Tanner stages (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), irrespective of the type of physical activity. Examining all regions (whole-body bone mineral content vs. whole-body lean mass and lower limbs bone mineral content and lean mass, and upper limbs bone mineral content and lean mass) intercepts were significantly higher in Tanner stage 3-5 compared to Tanner stage 1-2 for both genders (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div><div><em>Conclusion:</em> These results underscore the nuanced impact of leisure-time physical activity and Tanner stage on the observed relationships, suggesting potential benefits of engaging in specific physical activities during adolescence for bone health during the later stages of puberty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 101619"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144769224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The interface of a leaky gut with neuromuscular junction degradation; implications for severe sarcopenia","authors":"Rizwan Qaisar ,&nbsp;Asima Karim ,&nbsp;Tahir Muhammad ,&nbsp;Shaea A Alkahtani ,&nbsp;Firdos Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction:</em> A pathological increase in intestinal permeability or leaky gut is recently implicated in the pathogenesis of age-associated muscle loss, termed sarcopenia. However, the associated myotoxic effects are poorly known. We investigated the associations of a leaky gut with neuromuscular junction (NMJ) degradation in the context of severe sarcopenia and functional compromise in older adults.</div><div><em>Methodology:</em> This study includes controls (n=161, age=73.4±8.5 years) and severe sarcopenic men (n=148, age=72.4±7.2 years) for measurements of plasma markers of a leaky gut (zonulin), NMJ degradation (CAF22), and bacterial load (lipopolysaccharides-binding protein; LBP). We also measured handgrip strength (HGS), gait speed, and short physical performance battery (SPPB) as sarcopenic and functional compromise markers, respectively.</div><div><em>Results:</em> Severe sarcopenic patients had higher plasma zonulin, CAF22, and LBP levels and lower HGS, gait speed, and SPPB scores than controls (all p&lt;0.05). We found significant correlations between plasma zonulin and CAF22 in controls and severe sarcopenic men (both p&lt;0.05). The presence of severe sarcopenia and SPPB scores &lt; 9 were associated with strengthening the correlation between zonulin and CAF22 (p&lt;0.05). Higher plasma zonulin and CAF22 were associated with higher plasma LBP, lower HGS and gait speed, and lower SPPB scores (all p&lt;0.05).</div><div><em>Conclusion:</em> Collectively, severe sarcopenia and functional compromise due to intestinal leak may involve NMJ degradation and higher plasma bacterial load. Future studies should establish the causal and mechanistic associations between intestinal leak and sarcopenia in old age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 101618"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of AI model for dual detection of low bone mineral density in the femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae using chest radiographs","authors":"Yukino Ohta ,&nbsp;Kouichi Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Yutaka Katayama ,&nbsp;Takahiro Ideta ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Matsuzawa ,&nbsp;Takao Ichida ,&nbsp;Akane Utsunomiya ,&nbsp;Takayuki Ishida","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction:</em> Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have demonstrated high accuracy in detecting overall osteoporosis on chest radiographs, offering significant potential for rapid and accessible osteoporosis screening. However, as bone loss varies by lifestyle and body shape, detecting low bone mineral density (BMD) in specific parts is crucial for early treatment. This study developed and evaluated two deep learning models to detect low BMD in the femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae.</div><div><em>Methods:</em> Data included chest radiographs and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-measured BMD values [g/cm²] of 2,728 female examinees. Chest radiographs were categorized into low BMD or normal based on the femoral neck (low: 1,358, normal: 1,370) and lumbar vertebrae (low: 562, normal: 2,166). Deep learning models were trained using the ResNet50 architecture with fine-tuning and 10-fold cross-validation. Performance metrics included sensitivity, specificity, overall accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC). Heatmaps generated using Explainable AI visualized regions related to low BMD.</div><div><em>Results:</em> The model achieved 75.3 % overall accuracy (AUC: 0.82) for femoral neck detection and 89.3 % (AUC: 0.96) for lumbar vertebrae detection. Lumbar vertebrae detection showed 14.0 % higher accuracy than the femoral neck. Patients with lumbar vertebrae low BMD exhibited more advanced bone loss compared to those with femoral neck low BMD alone. Heatmaps indicated relevant regions near the clavicle and thoracic vertebrae.</div><div><em>Conclusion:</em> The proposed model accurately detected low BMD in chest radiographs and identified areas of bone loss, demonstrating particularly high performance in lumbar vertebrae detection. Early identification of low BMD enables simple, effective screening and targeted prevention or treatment based on areas of bone loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 101604"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone health of underprivileged Indian children with type-1 diabetes one year after discontinuation of milk and pharmacological calcium supplementation: a follow-up study","authors":"Dr. Chirantap Oza,&nbsp;Dr. Anuradha Khadilkar,&nbsp;Dr. Neha Kajale,&nbsp;Dr. Shital Bhor,&nbsp;Dr. Dipali Ladkat,&nbsp;Dr. Raja Padidela,&nbsp;Dr. Zulf Mughal","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101616","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 101616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Antihypertensive Drugs and Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: The ADiOS Study","authors":"Pelin Analay ,&nbsp;Murat Kara ,&nbsp;Hatice Gülgün Fırat ,&nbsp;Ahmet Furkan Çolak ,&nbsp;Kübra Erdoğan ,&nbsp;Mahmud Fazıl Aksakal ,&nbsp;Berkay Yalçınkaya ,&nbsp;Kübranur Demirel ,&nbsp;Hazal Sevinç ,&nbsp;Sena Küçüktoksöz ,&nbsp;Hilmi Berkan Abacıoğlu ,&nbsp;Mustafa Güngör Albayrak ,&nbsp;Alpaslan Fatih Kaynar ,&nbsp;Orhun Tunahan Cingöz ,&nbsp;Ahmad Jasem Abdulsalam ,&nbsp;Özgür Kara ,&nbsp;Ahmet Sertçelik ,&nbsp;Bayram Kaymak ,&nbsp;Banu Çakır ,&nbsp;Levent Özçakar","doi":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocd.2025.101607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction:</em> Hypertension (HT) and osteoporosis (OP) are common chronic diseases that often coexist in postmenopausal women. This study aimed to investigate the association between the use of antihypertensive medications and the presence of OP.</div><div><em>Methods:</em> We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 4166 postmenopausal women. Demographic data, age, weight, height, comorbidities, medications and bone mineral density values were collected for all patients screened/followed for OP between 2023 and 2024.</div><div><em>Results:</em> Out of 4166 postmenopausal women, 1659 (39.8 %) were diagnosed with OP. After adjusting for potential confounders using binary logistic regression, diabetes mellitus [OR=0.785 (95 % CI=0.667-0.925) <em>p = </em>0.004] and hyperlipidemia [OR=0.826 (95 % CI=0.698-0.978) <em>p = </em>0.026] were negatively associated with OP. Among the antihypertensive medications (<em>N = </em>2144); furosemide use [OR=1.918 (95 % CI=1.157-3.182) <em>p = </em>0.012] was positively associated with OP, while thiazide use showed a negative association [OR=0.769 (95 % CI=0.619-0.954) <em>p = </em>0.017].</div><div><em>Conclusions:</em> Thiazide use was associated with a lower likelihood of OP, while furosemide use was linked to increased odds (about 1.9 times). Further research with larger samples and stratified analyses of antihypertensive classes is warranted to better understand these associations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 101607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}