Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance最新文献_第3页

Effort in oculomotor control: Role of instructions and reward on spatiotemporal eye movement dynamics. 眼球运动控制的努力：指令和奖励在时空眼动动力学中的作用。

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001330

Christian Wolf, Michael B Steinborn, Lynn Huestegge

{"title":"Effort in oculomotor control: Role of instructions and reward on spatiotemporal eye movement dynamics.","authors":"Christian Wolf, Michael B Steinborn, Lynn Huestegge","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001330","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xhp0001330","url":null,"abstract":"Effort is an important theoretical construct in several psychological disciplines, yet there is little consensus on how it manifests in behavior. Here, we operationalized effort as performance improvements beyond speed-accuracy tradeoffs and argue that oculomotor kinematics offer a novel conceptual lens on effort regulation. We investigated the efficiency and persistence of mere task instructions to induce transient effort. In a saccadic selection task, participants were instructed to look at targets as quickly and accurately as possible (standard instructions) or to mobilize all resources and respond even faster and more accurately (\"to give 110%,\" effort instructions). We compared results to standard speeded performance (baseline block) and to a potential upper performance limit linking effort instructions to performance-contingent rewards (reward block). Eye movements were faster, more accurate, and initiated earlier when effort was instructed. Yet, these effects were more strongly pronounced and more persistent over time when effort was additionally rewarded. Importantly, a simultaneous improvement in speed and accuracy was only observed with reward. Altogether, the present findings show that instructions may spark effort, but reward sustains it, turning volatile engagement into lasting performance. This underscores that effort thrives when driven by purpose. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":"1279-1302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selectively attended information is obligatorily encoded into visual working memory. 选择性参与的信息被强制编码到视觉工作记忆中。

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001344

Zachary Hamblin-Frohman, Jay Pratt

{"title":"Selectively attended information is obligatorily encoded into visual working memory.","authors":"Zachary Hamblin-Frohman, Jay Pratt","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001344","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xhp0001344","url":null,"abstract":"There exists a bidirectional relationship between visual attention and visual working memory (VWM). Some argue that it is a voluntary process to encode an attended item into VWM. However, research has shown that attentional selection (defined as selection of one item from others) exclusively interferes with retained VWM information. The current study puts forth a selective-encoding hypothesis, that a selectively attended item is automatically encoded into VWM, which would clarify a critical link between selective attention and VWM. On Trial 1 (T₁) participants searched for a target item, either presented among nontarget items (selection) or in isolation to account for feature priming (target alone). On Trial 2 (T₂) participants continued to search for the same target among nontargets, however, a color distractor was now present that could either match the color of the T₁ target or was a neutral color. In Experiment 1, we showed that when a target item is selected on T₁ the magnitude of distraction (measured via eye movements and response times) from the matching distractor was greater than the neutral distractor, compared to the target-alone condition. This critical interaction was replicated in Experiments 2a and 2b, which varied different search parameters controlling for stimulus-driven confounds. Experiment 3 established a causal link between selection-driven capture and VWM. When VWM was at capacity, influence from the selectively attended T₁ target on T₂ distraction was eliminated, while performance across memory conditions was consistent for target-alone T₁ conditions. Together the three experiments show evidence for obligatory encoding of selectively attended items into VWM. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":"1211-1223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biases in the perceived area of different shapes: A comprehensive account and model. 不同形状的感知区域中的偏见：一个综合的解释和模型。

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001322

Veronica Pisu, Sina Mehraeen, Erich W Graf, Marc O Ernst, Wendy J Adams

引用次数: 0

Object-centered spatial learning in dynamic contexts: History-driven distractor suppression and target enhancement. 动态环境中以对象为中心的空间学习：历史驱动的干扰抑制和目标增强。

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001353

Yayla A Ilksoy, Dirk van Moorselaar, Sander A Los, Jan Theeuwes

{"title":"Object-centered spatial learning in dynamic contexts: History-driven distractor suppression and target enhancement.","authors":"Yayla A Ilksoy, Dirk van Moorselaar, Sander A Los, Jan Theeuwes","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001353","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xhp0001353","url":null,"abstract":"The world around us is inherently structured and often repetitive. Research has shown that we can implicitly learn to prioritize relevant objects and locations while filtering out distracting information, creating an integrated priority map for attention allocation. The current study examines whether providing an object-like reference frame would induce an object-centered attentional bias or whether the bias would remain in egocentric (viewpoint-centered) coordinates. The search display consisted of six stimuli that were surrounded by a wheel and square frame. In two experiments, either a distractor or a target appeared more frequently in one location, leading to the suppression or enhancement of that location, respectively. Learning blocks were followed by test blocks, where the frame rotated, creating egocentric-matching and object-centered locations. These experiments showed that both target and distractor learning relied on an egocentric reference frame only. In follow-up experiments, the likely target and distractor location rotated dynamically with the frame during learning. This revealed that participants can learn to enhance a likely target location in an object-centered manner. We hypothesized that while space-based learning feeds into a priority map reliant on an egocentric reference frame, object-based learning allows for implicit prioritization of subparts of objects independent of their spatial orientation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":"1250-1264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Precrastination: The potential role of trait impulsivity and physical effort. 提前：特质冲动性和体力劳动的潜在作用。

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001348

Adam E Fox, Ayesha Khatun, Laken A Mooney

引用次数: 0

The (in)flexibility of updating a mental task representation: On the origins of costs when shifting from a task-switching to a single-task context. 更新心理任务表征的灵活性：从任务切换到单任务上下文的成本来源

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001334

Inga Lück, Amelie C Jung, Gesine Dreisbach, Rico Fischer

{"title":"The (in)flexibility of updating a mental task representation: On the origins of costs when shifting from a task-switching to a single-task context.","authors":"Inga Lück, Amelie C Jung, Gesine Dreisbach, Rico Fischer","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001334","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xhp0001334","url":null,"abstract":"Task switching requires flexibly engaging in one of two task sets in each trial. Curiously, when one task suddenly becomes irrelevant (fade out), performance in the remaining task is worse than when performed as a single task. This fade-out cost demonstrates that the mental task model of task switching has to be reconfigured to a single-task representation (Mayr & Liebscher, 2001). This study implemented list-wide proportion manipulations during task switching to investigate how global processing adjustments affect fade-out costs. Experiment 1 manipulated the proportion of task switches at the level of task representation: High switch frequency was expected to increase the accessibility of both task sets in working memory, predicting increased fade-out costs. Experiment 2 varied the proportion of task-rule congruency at the level of response selection, predicting no significant effect. Results from 160 German University students showed larger fade-out costs for the high switch frequency group, whereas the proportion of task-rule congruency did not affect fade-out costs. These findings suggest that global adjustments at the task representation level uniquely influence fade-out costs and hereby the reconfiguration of the task model, whereas adjustments at the response level do not. Implications for the mental representation of task models are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":"1178-1195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Within-trial and across-trials habituation mechanisms to irrelevant visual transients. 试验内和试验间对不相关视觉瞬变的习惯机制。

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001343

Matteo Valsecchi, Massimo Turatto

{"title":"Within-trial and across-trials habituation mechanisms to irrelevant visual transients.","authors":"Matteo Valsecchi, Massimo Turatto","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001343","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xhp0001343","url":null,"abstract":"Observers can learn to resist distraction in visual search when feature singletons or luminance transients are repeatedly presented across trials at a given location. In this study, we investigated whether the same repetition benefit would be observed when luminance transients are repeatedly shown at the same location within the same trial, and how this effect relates to across-trials habituation of attentional capture. The results showed that interference was reduced when four luminance transients were presented at the same location before target appearance, compared to when a single transient was presented, replicating the feature singleton findings. Furthermore, the magnitude of this repetition effect did not depend on the local and global across-trials probability of repeated and single transients, supporting the hypothesis that two relatively independent within-trial and across-trials habituation mechanisms coexist. Finally, in Experiment 4, we demonstrated that the repetition effect was largely reduced when the first three transients appeared at a different location, ruling out the possibility that the repetition benefit was simply because of a warning effect and/or the spatial predictability of the last visual transient. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":"1234-1249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attention and audiovisual rabbit illusion: Pre- and postcue impact differently on cross-modally postdictive location. 注意与兔视听错觉：提示前后对跨模态后置定位的不同影响。

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001340

Chen-Wei Huang, Su-Ling Yeh

{"title":"Attention and audiovisual rabbit illusion: Pre- and postcue impact differently on cross-modally postdictive location.","authors":"Chen-Wei Huang, Su-Ling Yeh","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001340","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xhp0001340","url":null,"abstract":"The audiovisual rabbit illusion is a cross-modal postdictive phenomenon where an illusory flash is perceived between two spatially displaced real flashes when accompanied by three auditory beeps. This study investigates how attentional cues influence the perceived location of the illusory flash. We used four small red dots as placeholders for exogenous cues, positioned near potential flash locations in the upper and lower visual hemifields. One dot changed to yellow either 200 ms before (Experiment 1) or after (Experiment 2) the flashes to direct attention. Results showed that a 200-ms precue attracted the illusory flash (Experiment 1), underscoring the role of early attentional selection in localizing cross-modal illusions. In contrast, a 200-ms postcue had no effect (Experiment 2), whereas a 50-ms postcue repelled the illusory flash location (Experiment 3), suggesting that late sensory reactivation through postcues remaps stimulus localization. These findings demonstrate distinct mechanisms through which precues and postcues influence the perception of cross-modal illusory stimuli, offering new insights into attention, postdiction, and multisensory integration. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":"1196-1210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serial dependence in biological motion perception: Unique patterns compared to nonbiological motion. 生物运动感知的系列依赖：与非生物运动相比的独特模式。

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001319

Zhou Su, Yaqi Li, Shengyuan Wang, Yutong Zhang, Yongqi Li, Huichao Ji, Xiaowei Ding

{"title":"Serial dependence in biological motion perception: Unique patterns compared to nonbiological motion.","authors":"Zhou Su, Yaqi Li, Shengyuan Wang, Yutong Zhang, Yongqi Li, Huichao Ji, Xiaowei Ding","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001319","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xhp0001319","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most primitive biological motions is walking. Human vision constantly processes walking movements to anticipate social interactions and avert potential collisions. Counterintuitively, when processing multiple walking biological motions, the visual system optimizes the perception through reference repulsion within a single motion (a bias away from the category boundary direction) and repulsive adaptation in a prolonged time (a bias away from the direction of preceding stimuli). However, how we uniquely perceive walking biological motion across short-term movements remains unclear. Here, by asking participants to adjust the direction until it matches the one they just saw, we uncovered the serial dependence (a bias toward the direction of preceding stimuli) in walking biological motion perception (Experiment 1). We found a similar effect for nonbiological motion (a rotating sphere) but with a greater amplitude (Experiment 2). Furthermore, serial dependence in biological motion coexisted with reference repulsion, while nonbiological motion coexisted with reference attraction. An additional experiment demonstrated an asymmetric mutual influence between biological and nonbiological motion: the attractive serial dependence could transfer between them and was greater from biological to nonbiological motion (Experiment 3). This asymmetry was significantly greater than that observed between inverted biological motion and nonbiological motion, suggesting that the effect is largely driven by the unique social significance of biological motion (Experiment 4). The results suggest that vision implements serial dependence when processing biological motion to maintain a relatively steady representation across time but in a less biased way than nonbiological motion to avoid too much deviation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":"1147-1166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Voluntary and reflexive mechanisms of visual attention: An investigation of the robustness of the social attention bias. 视觉注意的自愿和反射机制：社会注意偏差稳健性的研究。

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001341

Sabrina Gado, Yannik Stegmann, Matthias Gamer

{"title":"Voluntary and reflexive mechanisms of visual attention: An investigation of the robustness of the social attention bias.","authors":"Sabrina Gado, Yannik Stegmann, Matthias Gamer","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001341","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xhp0001341","url":null,"abstract":"Social attention refers to a perceptual prioritization of social information and a tendency to quickly direct attention toward social stimuli. However, the extent to which social attention follows reflexive mechanisms rather than reflecting top-down control remains elusive. Here we examined the robustness of social orienting when challenged by competing top-down modulations of attention induced by motivationally relevant operant conditioning. We conducted two consecutive experiments (both N = 52) with data for Experiment 1 being collected in December 2023 and January 2024 and data for Experiment 2 from April to May 2024. Using a gaze-contingent paradigm, we explored whether humans could learn to suppress directing their overt visual attention toward specific stimuli when such behavior is associated with a negative outcome, such as an aversive electric shock (Experiment 1) or a loss of points (Experiment 2). We observed reflexive social attention characterized by faster and more frequent saccades only for positively conditioned faces but neither for stimuli that required avoidance nor for novel stimuli. Overall, these results suggest that bottom-up attentional mechanisms such as social prioritization or a novelty bias are less automatic and reflexive than previously assumed and can be suppressed through executive control to support goal-directed behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":"1265-1278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0