Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance最新文献

Effects of physical effort on temporal processing. 体力劳动对时间加工的影响。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001366

Li Yang, Rachel Francis, Rawan Gabr, Brynna Marich, Hyung-Bum Park, Weiwei Zhang

{"title":"Effects of physical effort on temporal processing.","authors":"Li Yang, Rachel Francis, Rawan Gabr, Brynna Marich, Hyung-Bum Park, Weiwei Zhang","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0001366","url":null,"abstract":"The interaction between temporal processing and physical effort plays a crucial role in our daily activities. The present study therefore assesses the effects of a simple(est) physical effort (i.e., isometric handgrip) on temporal processing with concurrent time reproduction/production and handgrip tasks. Isometric handgrip can induce physical arousal, thereby accelerating time and leading to overestimation when sensory timing is under physical effort, but underestimation when the motor timing is under physical effort (i.e., arousal hypothesis). Alternatively, handgrip may directly impair temporal processing given the potential competition for attention, resulting in underestimated durations when sensory timing is under physical effort and overestimated durations when motor timing is under physical effort (i.e., competition hypothesis). Our data collected in 2023-2024 revealed that high physical effort increased estimated durations in the time reproduction task with concurrent sensory timing and handgrip (Experiments 1-2) but decreased estimated durations in the time production task with concurrent motor timing and handgrip (Experiment 4), supporting the arousal hypothesis. Two additional experiments ruled out some alternative accounts (e.g., response bias). In Experiment 3, the handgrip effect was absent when time was cued, instead of being experienced, under handgrip. In Experiment 5, the handgrip effects of sensory timing and motor timing canceled each other out (i.e., the El Greco effect) when both sensory timing and motor timing were under handgrip. Overall, these findings suggest that physical effort distorts perceived time, with increased arousal likely contributing to the acceleration of temporal processing. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eyes on the prize: Reward outranks punishment in working memory resources allocation. 着眼于奖励：在工作记忆资源分配中，奖励比惩罚更重要。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001363

Xin Yan, Weiyu Wang, Shujuan Ye, Xiaowei Ding

{"title":"Eyes on the prize: Reward outranks punishment in working memory resources allocation.","authors":"Xin Yan, Weiyu Wang, Shujuan Ye, Xiaowei Ding","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0001363","url":null,"abstract":"Working memory (WM) plays a pivotal role in cognitive processes; yet, its resources are strictly limited, making it crucial to understand how these resources are allocated. Motivation, such as reward and punishment, has been widely recognized as a key factor influencing WM. Previous research has either examined the impacts of reward and punishment on the availability of WM resources separately or focused solely on the effects of reward on resource allocation. We posit that integrating these effects into a single study is essential for a comprehensive understanding of their interplay. To this end, we conducted three experiments using a delay estimation task, combined with the Target Confusability Competition model, to systematically investigate how reward and punishment affect the availability and allocation of WM resources. In Experiment 1, participants memorized the orientations of two arrows, each associated with reward or punishment cues. In Experiments 2 and 3, participants encountered both reward and punishment cues within the same trial, testing three hypotheses about resource allocation: reward dominance, punishment dominance, and no difference. Results from Experiment 1 revealed that reward and punishment equally enhanced the availability of WM resources. In Experiment 2, which was the first to integrate rewards and punishments within the same trial, reward prioritized the allocation of WM resources over punishment. Eye-tracking data from Experiment 3 indicated that this effect was driven by greater attentional focus on reward targets, which led to more WM resource allocation. We provide novel evidence that reward outweighs punishment in WM resource allocation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How pointing informs visual search. 指向如何通知视觉搜索。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001360

Oliver Herbort, Lisa-Marie Krause, Philipp Raßbach, Wilfried Kunde

{"title":"How pointing informs visual search.","authors":"Oliver Herbort, Lisa-Marie Krause, Philipp Raßbach, Wilfried Kunde","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0001360","url":null,"abstract":"Pointing gestures are commonly used to guide the attention of others to objects in the environment, such as an animal hidden in the landscape. This raises the question of how another person's pointing gesture informs the visual search for the referent. We tested the hypothesis that pointing gestures are perceived as marking regions of space that define where participant search for the referent. In three experiments, participants searched for a pointed-at target object that was embedded among distractor objects arranged with different spatial densities while eye movements were tracked. Participants searched in a restricted region surrounding the position they perceived as pointed-at. However, the sizes of the searched regions depended considerably on the density of the search display, refuting the hypothesis that pointing gestures strictly mark the to-be-searched region. In addition, participants sometimes scanned objects that they would not even consider as pointed-at. We suggest that a flexible time-correlated criterion or a hybrid spatiotemporal criterion determines the sizes of the searched region. In summary, even if a pointing gesture was perceived as indicating a region of the search display, it has either a relatively weak or no effect on the size of the region that is eventually searched. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Limited capacity for the visual working memory-driven access to visual awareness. 有限的能力，为视觉工作记忆驱动的访问视觉意识。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001357

Xiaoyi Liu, Yingtao Fu, Mowei Shen, Hui Chen

{"title":"Limited capacity for the visual working memory-driven access to visual awareness.","authors":"Xiaoyi Liu, Yingtao Fu, Mowei Shen, Hui Chen","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0001357","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have shown that sensory information matching the content of visual working memory (VWM) gains prioritized access into awareness. While these studies primarily focused on a single stimulus, it remains unclear whether the prioritization persists when multiple items are memorized. Using a breaking continuous flash suppression paradigm, the current study systematically investigated the time taken to detect a suppressed stimulus when two items were maintained in VWM. The results demonstrated that multiple items stored in VWM did not prioritize the matched stimuli into awareness, regardless of whether the stimuli presented during suppression were partially matched (Experiment 1) or fully matched (Experiment 2) to the memorized items. Furthermore, no prioritization was observed when the memorized items were either integrated into a single object (Experiment 3) or remembered with increased precision (Experiment 4). After confirming the validity of the current experimental paradigm (Experiments 5a and 5b), we found that the item assigned with a higher priority through a retro cue broke into awareness faster than the uncued and the new items (Experiment 6). These findings suggest that when multiple items are retained in VWM, only one single item stored in the active state can facilitate matched stimuli into awareness, indicating a limited capacity for the modulation of VWM on access to visual awareness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Red and green and the mind in between: How context modulates feature relations in action-perception integration. 红色和绿色以及中间的思维：情境如何调节行动-知觉整合中的特征关系。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001359

Nicolas D Münster, Christian Frings

{"title":"Red and green and the mind in between: How context modulates feature relations in action-perception integration.","authors":"Nicolas D Münster, Christian Frings","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0001359","url":null,"abstract":"Action control theories assume an integration of all stimulus and response features of an action episode into a so-called event file. The repetition of any of the integrated features in a subsequent action episode retrieves the whole event file. Depending on the (partial) match/mismatch of current and retrieved event files, performance is improved. Central to this idea is the evaluation of current and previous features (or their mental representations) as repeated or changed. However, this evaluation is not absolute but depends on various internal and external factors. In the current study, the evaluation was influenced externally by the context. In one experiment (n = 63), a response (R) was given during the presentation of two different red hues (distractor stimuli S). Stimulus-response binding effects were stronger when the background color during the task was a third red hue compared to when the background color was green. This result indicates that the relation between the red hues (rather change or rather repetition) differed because of a change in the background color, which served as a contextual reference and caused a merging or separation of the red hues' mental representations. This finding demonstrates high flexibility in feature processing, showing how human action control processes adapt to changing environments. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serial dependence in biological motion perception: Unique patterns compared to nonbiological motion. 生物运动感知的系列依赖：与非生物运动相比的独特模式。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001319

Zhou Su, Yaqi Li, Shengyuan Wang, Yutong Zhang, Yongqi Li, Huichao Ji, Xiaowei Ding

{"title":"Serial dependence in biological motion perception: Unique patterns compared to nonbiological motion.","authors":"Zhou Su, Yaqi Li, Shengyuan Wang, Yutong Zhang, Yongqi Li, Huichao Ji, Xiaowei Ding","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0001319","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most primitive biological motions is walking. Human vision constantly processes walking movements to anticipate social interactions and avert potential collisions. Counterintuitively, when processing multiple walking biological motions, the visual system optimizes the perception through reference repulsion within a single motion (a bias away from the category boundary direction) and repulsive adaptation in a prolonged time (a bias away from the direction of preceding stimuli). However, how we uniquely perceive walking biological motion across short-term movements remains unclear. Here, by asking participants to adjust the direction until it matches the one they just saw, we uncovered the serial dependence (a bias toward the direction of preceding stimuli) in walking biological motion perception (Experiment 1). We found a similar effect for nonbiological motion (a rotating sphere) but with a greater amplitude (Experiment 2). Furthermore, serial dependence in biological motion coexisted with reference repulsion, while nonbiological motion coexisted with reference attraction. An additional experiment demonstrated an asymmetric mutual influence between biological and nonbiological motion: the attractive serial dependence could transfer between them and was greater from biological to nonbiological motion (Experiment 3). This asymmetry was significantly greater than that observed between inverted biological motion and nonbiological motion, suggesting that the effect is largely driven by the unique social significance of biological motion (Experiment 4). The results suggest that vision implements serial dependence when processing biological motion to maintain a relatively steady representation across time but in a less biased way than nonbiological motion to avoid too much deviation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Face familiarity and similarity: Within- and between-identity representations are altered by learning. 面孔熟悉度和相似性：身份内部和身份之间的表征会因学习而改变。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001317

Robin S S Kramer, Alex L Jones, Daniel Fitousi

{"title":"Face familiarity and similarity: Within- and between-identity representations are altered by learning.","authors":"Robin S S Kramer, Alex L Jones, Daniel Fitousi","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001317","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xhp0001317","url":null,"abstract":"Face familiarity is thought to alter distances between representations in psychological \"face space,\" resulting in substantial improvements in recognition. However, the underlying changes are not well understood. In Experiment 1 (n = 192), we investigated the effect of familiarity based on everyday exposure to celebrities. Participants judged the similarity of pairs of face photographs, and we found that greater familiarity increased perceived similarity for two images of the same person, while decreasing similarity for two images depicting different people. In Experiment 2 (n = 157), familiarity was manipulated through the learning of new identities by watching 5-min video clips. Again, when judging the similarity of image pairs, familiarity increased the perceived similarity of images of the same person, while having the opposite effect on images depicting different people. In Experiment 3, we trained a computational model with images of 333 different identities (totaling 3,949 photographs) and manipulated its familiarity with two new identities. The changes in distances between novel images of these identities (a proxy for similarity) replicated our behavioral findings. Overall, we build upon recent evidence by demonstrating two transformations through which familiarity alters representational space to likely benefit face perception. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":"927-943"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Are abrupt onsets highly salient? 突发性发作是否非常突出？

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001329

Han Zhang, Esha Brar, A Kane York, John Jonides

{"title":"Are abrupt onsets highly salient?","authors":"Han Zhang, Esha Brar, A Kane York, John Jonides","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001329","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xhp0001329","url":null,"abstract":"Abrupt onsets are commonly assumed to be a class of stimuli with high physical salience. This high salience has been used to explain past findings showing abrupt onsets captured attention more strongly compared to other types of distractors, such as color singletons. However, there has been a lack of consensus about the definition and measurement of physical salience. As a result, it is unclear if abrupt onsets capture attention more strongly simply because they are more salient than other types of stimuli. Using a psychophysical technique recently developed by Stilwell et al. (2023), we explicitly quantified the level of physical salience of abrupt onsets, color singletons, and color singleton onsets. Surprisingly, abrupt onsets were the least salient among the three types of items examined. Despite this, only abrupt onsets captured attention in a subsequent visual search task, whereas color singletons and color singleton onsets were both suppressed. Thus, abrupt onsets tend to capture attention more strongly than color singletons, but this is not apparently because of high physical salience. Indeed, high physical salience may make an object easier to suppress during visual search. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":"911-926"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12148683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Context-based guidance versus context suppression in contextual learning: Role of un-/certainty in the target-context relations in visual search. 情境学习中基于情境的引导与情境抑制：不确定性/确定性在视觉搜索中目标-情境关系中的作用。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001321

Siyi Chen, Fredrik Allenmark, Nika Merkuš, Hermann J Müller, Zhuanghua Shi

{"title":"Context-based guidance versus context suppression in contextual learning: Role of un-/certainty in the target-context relations in visual search.","authors":"Siyi Chen, Fredrik Allenmark, Nika Merkuš, Hermann J Müller, Zhuanghua Shi","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001321","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xhp0001321","url":null,"abstract":"Standard investigations of contextual facilitation typically use invariant distractor arrangements predicting a fixed target location. In the real world, however, invariant spatial contexts are not always predictive. We examined how facilitation is influenced by uncertainty in target location prediction: comparing conditions where old contexts were 100% versus minimally (3%) predictive (Experiment 1), 80% predictive (20% nonpredictive) versus 20% predictive (Experiment 2), or a trial-wise mixed condition where 80% predicted a fixed location and 20% a random location (Experiment 3). New-context displays with matching target-location probabilities served as baselines. The results revealed both fully predictive and minimally predictive old contexts to expedite the search, but facilitation was larger for the former (Experiment 1). This held even when the display types were randomly intermixed at an 80:20 cross-trial uncertainty ratio (Experiment 3). However, when old displays predicted the target location in 80% of trials (Experiment 2), facilitation dropped to the level of minimally predictive displays. This indicates only fully predictive old displays support acquiring contextual cues that guide attention. The facilitation seen with 80% predictive contexts likely involves a less efficient process: singling out the target by context suppression. These findings can be incorporated into a neural-network model of context effects: When distractor representations are suppressed, the formation of facilitative links between distractor representations and the target location on the priority map becomes unlikely. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":"955-977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bridging concurrent multitasking, task switching, and complex multitasking: The general and specific skills involved. 桥接并发多任务、任务切换和复杂多任务：所涉及的一般和特定技能。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0001332

Kelvin F H Lui, Hezul Tin Yan Ng, Pu Fan, Yetta Kwailing Wong, Alan C-N Wong

{"title":"Bridging concurrent multitasking, task switching, and complex multitasking: The general and specific skills involved.","authors":"Kelvin F H Lui, Hezul Tin Yan Ng, Pu Fan, Yetta Kwailing Wong, Alan C-N Wong","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001332","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xhp0001332","url":null,"abstract":"Research on multitasking has adopted a diverse range of simple paradigms covering concurrent multitasking and task-switching scenarios, alongside more complex paradigms simulating real-life situations more closely. Investigating the relationships among them is essential for uncovering shared cognitive mechanisms, advancing a unified theory of multitasking, and exploring the link of multitasking to other cognitive functions. We adopted an individual-difference approach to examine the unity and separability of multitasking ability. Nine paradigms were completed by 224 university students, with three paradigms each for concurrent multitasking, task switching, and complex multitasking. Confirmatory factor analyses showed both general and specific factors required to capture individual differences in performance. Specifically, individual differences in task switching performance can be explained by a general ability shared with the other two types of paradigms, whereas both general and specific abilities were involved in concurrent multitasking and complex multitasking. These results help reconcile conflicting findings in previous studies of group differences in multitasking and highlight the limitation in the generalizability of claims based solely on performance in a single paradigm. Given the multifaceted nature of multitasking, it is recommended that assessment and intervention of multitasking encompass a comprehensive array of paradigm types to cover both general and specific abilities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":"875-894"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144065007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0