Journal of Infection最新文献

{"title":"Immunogenicity, safety, and reactogenicity of concomitant administration of the novavax vaccine against Omicron XBB.1.5 (NVX-CoV2601) and a 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in adults aged ≥60 years: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, non-inferiority trial","authors":"Anselm Jorda ,&nbsp;Marlene Prager ,&nbsp;Lena Pracher ,&nbsp;Patrick Haselwanter ,&nbsp;Matthias Jackwerth ,&nbsp;Valentin al Jalali ,&nbsp;Erdem Yildiz ,&nbsp;Amelie Leutzendorff ,&nbsp;Maria Weber ,&nbsp;Schermin Yourieva ,&nbsp;Paula Kammerer ,&nbsp;Theresa Pecho ,&nbsp;Alice Decaminada ,&nbsp;Lena Ederer ,&nbsp;Ursula Wiedermann ,&nbsp;Lukas Weseslindtner ,&nbsp;Monika Redlberger-Fritz ,&nbsp;Felix Bergmann ,&nbsp;Markus Zeitlinger","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>There is conflicting evidence as to whether the combined administration of two vaccines can lead to poorer immunogenicity and reactogenicity. The co-administration of the Omicron-adapted COVID-19 vaccine from Novavax (NVX-CoV2601) and a 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) has not been previously investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, non-inferiority trial, immunocompetent participants aged ≥60 years were randomised in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to four groups: NVX-CoV2601 plus PCV20 (combination group); NVX-CoV2601 plus placebo (NVX-only group); PCV20 plus placebo (PCV20-only group); or placebo plus placebo (placebo group). The primary outcome was Omicron-specific anti-spike protein IgG ELISA units at day 28 in the combination group compared with the NVX-only group. Non-inferiority was established if the lower limit of the two-sided 95% CI of the geometric mean titre ratio was above the non-inferiority margin of 0.67. Secondary outcomes included anti-pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (PCP) IgG ELISA units. Solicited local and systemic adverse events were collected for 7 days after vaccination. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT05767606, and the EU Clinical Trials Register, EudraCT number 2022–004118-12.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All 256 randomised participants completed the study. The baseline characteristics were similar in the four groups. Overall, the median age was 64 (IQR 61 to 69) and 105 (41%) of 256 were male. At day 28, the geometric mean anti-spike protein IgG ELISA units were 534 U/mL (95% CI 432–660) in the combination group and 556 U/mL (95% CI 460–672) in the NVX-only group, resulting in a geometric mean titre ratio of 0.96 (95% CI 0.73–1.27), thereby meeting the criteria for non-inferiority.</div><div>Anti-PCP IgG ELISA units at day 28 were 507 U/mL (95% CI 416–619) in the combination group and 592 U/mL (95% CI 485–723) in the PCV20-only group. Local and systemic reactogenicity was similar in the three active treatment groups. No safety concerns or serious adverse events were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Immunogenicity following co-administration of NVX-CoV2601 with PCV20 was non-inferior to administration of NVX-CoV2601 alone. Given the similar safety and reactogenicity profile, our findings may help to overcome concerns about concomitant vaccination and pave the way for combination vaccines.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>Novavax.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 2","pages":"Article 106405"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dasabuvir: An FDA-approved drug inhibiting poxvirus transmission by targeting both migrasome formation and extracellular enveloped virus production","authors":"Ting Xu,&nbsp;Daoqun Li,&nbsp;Junwen Luan,&nbsp;Leiliang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106403","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 2","pages":"Article 106403"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and immunogenicity of Omicron protein vaccines in mRNA-vaccinated adolescents: A phase 3, randomised trial","authors":"Chijioke Bennett ,&nbsp;Gordon Chau ,&nbsp;Erika Clayton ,&nbsp;Laurence Chu ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Alvarez ,&nbsp;Ausberto B. Hidalgo ,&nbsp;Khozema Palanpurwala ,&nbsp;Joyce S. Plested ,&nbsp;Mingzhu Zhu ,&nbsp;Shane Cloney-Clark ,&nbsp;Zhaohui Cai ,&nbsp;Raj Kalkeri ,&nbsp;Karim Hegazy ,&nbsp;Katherine Smith ,&nbsp;Susan Neal ,&nbsp;Fernando Noriega ,&nbsp;Raburn M. Mallory ,&nbsp;Jeffrey M. Adelglass ,&nbsp;on behalf of the 2019nCoV-314 Study Investigators","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Safety and immunogenicity assessment of updated monovalent and bivalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This phase 3, double-blinded study randomised 12–&lt;18-year-old participants, who received ≥2 prior doses of an approved/authorised mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine, 1:1 to receive NVX-CoV2601 (XBB.1.5) or a bivalent vaccine (NVX-CoV2373 [Wuhan] + NVX-CoV2601). The primary immunogenicity endpoint was day-28 neutralising antibody (nAb) geometric mean titres (GMTs) against XBB.1.5. Safety endpoints were solicited reactogenicity ≤7 days and unsolicited adverse events (AEs) ≤28 days post-vaccination and frequency/severity of predefined AEs of special interest through day 180.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 401 randomised participants, nAb GMTs against XBB.1.5 increased (GMFR [95% CI]) for both NVX-CoV2601 (12.2 [9.5–15.5]) and the bivalent vaccine (8.4 [6.8–10.3]); post-vaccination responses to ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and the JN.1 variant were also observed. Increases in anti-spike IgG levels were comparable between the groups. Solicited and unsolicited AEs were mild to moderate, with similar occurrence among the groups. Severe and serious events were rare and unrelated to the study vaccines; no PIMMCs or myocarditis/pericarditis were reported.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>NVX-CoV2601 elicited more robust antibody responses to XBB.1.5 and ancestral virus, compared with a bivalent formulation. The safety profile within each group was consistent with NVX-CoV2373, which contains ancestral recombinant spike protein.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 2","pages":"Article 106428"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiotoxicity: A call to arms for cross-sector protection of the human microbiome","authors":"Anastasia A. Theodosiou ,&nbsp;Paul-Enguerrand Fady ,&nbsp;Natalie Bennett,&nbsp;Robert C. Read,&nbsp;Debby Bogaert,&nbsp;Christine E. Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106408","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 2","pages":"Article 106408"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying key weather factors influencing human salmonellosis: A conditional incidence analysis in England, Wales, and the Netherlands","authors":"Laura C. González Villeta ,&nbsp;Linda Chanamé Pinedo ,&nbsp;Alasdair J.C. Cook ,&nbsp;Eelco Franz ,&nbsp;Theo Kanellos ,&nbsp;Lapo Mughini-Gras ,&nbsp;Gordon Nichols ,&nbsp;Roan Pijnacker ,&nbsp;Joaquin M. Prada ,&nbsp;Christophe Sarran ,&nbsp;Matt Spick ,&nbsp;Jessica Wu ,&nbsp;Giovanni Lo Iacono","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to improve the understanding of seasonal incidence pattern observed in salmonellosis by identifying the most influential weather factors, characterising the nature of this association, and assessing whether it is geographically restricted or generalisable to other locations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A novel statistical model was employed to estimate the incidence of salmonellosis conditional to various combinations of three simultaneous weather factors from 14 available. The analysis utilised daily salmonellosis cases reported from 2000 to 2016 along with detailed spatial and temporal weather data from England and Wales, and the Netherlands.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence simulated from weather data effectively reproduced empirical incidence patterns in both countries. Key weather factors associated with increased salmonellosis cases, regardless of geographical location, included air temperature (&gt;10 ⁰C), relative humidity, reduced precipitation, dewpoint temperature (7–10 ⁰C), and longer day lengths (12–15 h). Other weather factors, such as air pressure, wind speed, temperature amplitude, and sunshine duration, showed limited or no association with the empirical data. The model was suitable for the Netherlands, despite a difference in case ascertainment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The conditional incidence is a simple and transparent method readily applicable to other countries and weather scenarios that provides a detailed description of salmonellosis cases conditional on local weather factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 2","pages":"Article 106410"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The increasing prevalence of Japanese spotted fever in China: A dominant rickettsial threat","authors":"Zhongqiu Teng ,&nbsp;Xue Zhang ,&nbsp;Na Zhao,&nbsp;Lupeng Dai,&nbsp;Xianxian Zhang,&nbsp;Ling Han,&nbsp;Tian Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106387","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 2","pages":"Article 106387"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics, risk factors and clinical impact of penicillin and other antibiotic allergies in adults in the UK General Practice: A population-based cohort study","authors":"Yogini H Jani ,&nbsp;Boqing Chen ,&nbsp;Neil Powell ,&nbsp;Philip Howard ,&nbsp;Jonathan Sandoe ,&nbsp;Robert West ,&nbsp;Wallis CY Lau","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the characteristics, risk factors and clinical impact of penicillin and other antibiotic allergy labels in general practice in the UK.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Population-based cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Primary care in the UK, 2000–2018.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Adults aged 18–100 years who were registered with their general practice for at least 12 months between 01-Jan-2000 and 31-Dec-2018 and followed until 25-Sep-2019.</div></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><div>The main outcomes include the annual prevalence and incidence of penicillin and other antibiotic allergy labels. Multinominal logistic regression was used to examine the characteristics associated with receiving an allergy label to different antibiotics. Cox regression modelling was used to compare the risk of resistant infections (methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> [MRSA] and vancomycin-resistant enterococci) as well as <em>Clostridioides difficile (C.difficile)</em> infection between patients with and without allergy labels. The monthly proportion of patients who had a penicillin allergy test, either before their allergy label was recorded or within one year, was calculated to assess any impact of NICE penicillin allergy assessment recommendations (Clinical guideline [CG183]) in September 2014.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both the prevalence and incidence of penicillin allergy label showed a pattern of initial growth followed by a decline. The prevalence reached a maximum of 8.25% in 2011, and the incidence peaked at 0.46% in 2004. Older age, being female, living in less deprived areas, belonging to a larger general practice, and having co-morbidities were associated with a higher chance of receiving a penicillin or other antibiotic allergy label. Patients with antibiotic allergy labels were more likely to receive alternative broad-spectrum antibiotics and had a higher risk of MRSA and <em>C.difficile</em> infections. The introduction of NICE drug allergy guideline did not alter the proportion of patients undergoing penicillin allergy assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Penicillin and other antibiotic allergy labels are common and lead to radical change in the antibiotic prescribing practices and are associated with resistant and healthcare associated infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 2","pages":"Article 106367"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical management of human herpesvirus-8-related illnesses in solid organ transplant recipients","authors":"Alessia Dalla Pria ,&nbsp;Ines Ushiro-Lumb ,&nbsp;Mark Bower","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs), the oncogenic virus human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) also named Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) causes four clinical diseases: Kaposi Sarcoma, Primary Effusion Lymphoma, Multicentric Castleman Disease (MCD), and KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS). This review outlines these clinical scenarios and discusses their management. Although HHV8-related disease in SOTR was first described more than three decades ago, there is a lack of data on treatment so much of the guidance is based on evidence in other immunodeficient patients, particularly people living with HIV. Whilst reduction of immunosuppression and switch from calcineurin inhibitors to mTOR inhibitors may be sufficient in early-stage post-transplant KS, systemic chemotherapy is necessary for advanced-stage KS and in KSHV-related lymphomas. For MCD and KICS, which usually follow primary HHV-8 infection, rituximab-based immunochemotherapy regimens are the cornerstone of treatment for these potentially lethal diseases. Although HHV-8 infection in SOTR is well recognized, it remains under-reported and greater awareness of the different clinical presentations of HHV-8 in this context is fundamental to improve outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 2","pages":"Article 106366"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virological characterization of Parvovirus B19 isolated during the atypical 2023-2024 outbreak in France","authors":"Nicolas Veyrenche ,&nbsp;Jacques Fourgeaud ,&nbsp;Marianne Burgard ,&nbsp;Slimane Allali ,&nbsp;Julie Toubiana ,&nbsp;Yaël Pinhas ,&nbsp;Pierre Frange ,&nbsp;Tiffany Guilleminot ,&nbsp;Neil Derridj ,&nbsp;Jérémie F. Cohen ,&nbsp;Marianne Leruez-Ville","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A Parvovirus B19 (B19V) outbreak has been reported in Europe in 2023–2024. The aims of this study were 1) to describe the incidence of primary cases from 2012 to 2024 in one French hospital 2) to analyze the genome of 2023 strains 3) to identify virological profiles according to the clinical presentations of B19V infection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The incidence of B19V primary cases was studied through an interrupted time-series analysis. Genomes of 2023 strains were sequenced in the NS1-VP1u region. Blood viral loads, IgG and IgM levels were analyzed in 158 cases according to clinical manifestations with Kruskal-Wallis test and a machine learning approach based on k-nearest neighbors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the 2023–2024 B19V outbreak, there was an 8-time increase in the incidence of B19V infections compared with pre-pandemic levels (8.25 (95%CI: 5.79–11.76)). The 2023 strains belonged to genotype 1a and were closely related to pre-2019 strains. Blood viral loads were significantly different between clinical presentations (p&lt;0.0001). Machine learning allowed us to classify 68.8% (95% CI: 60.9–75.9) patients into the correct clinical group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The 2023–24 epidemic is probably due to the reemergence of the pre-2019 strain. The virological profiles highlighted in this study could assist in accurately interpreting virology results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 2","pages":"Article 106409"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune checkpoint blockade in experimental bacterial infections","authors":"Nicole L. Henriksen ,&nbsp;Peter Ø. Jensen ,&nbsp;Louise K. Jensen","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immune checkpoint inhibitors designed to reinvigorate immune responses suppressed by cancer cells have revolutionized cancer therapy. Similarities in immune dysregulation between cancer and infectious diseases have prompted investigations into the role of immune checkpoints in infectious diseases, including the therapeutic potential of immune checkpoint blockade and drug repurposing. While most research has centered around viral infections, data for bacterial infections are emerging. This systematic review reports on the in vivo effect of immune checkpoint blockade on bacterial burden and selected immune responses in preclinical studies of bacterial infection, aiming to assess if there could be a rationale for using immunotherapy for bacterial infections. Of the 42 analyzed studies, immune checkpoint blockade reduced the bacterial burden in 60% of studies, had no effect in 28% and increased the bacterial burden in 12%. Findings suggest that the effect of immune checkpoint blockade on bacterial burden is context-dependent and in part relates to the pathogen. Further preclinical research is required to understand how the therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint blockade is mediated in different bacterial infections, and if immune checkpoint blockade can be used as an adjuvant to conventional infection management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 2","pages":"Article 106391"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}