Journal of Infection最新文献

{"title":"Immunocompromised individuals remain at risk of COVID-19: 2023 results from the observational INFORM study","authors":"Jennifer K. Quint ,&nbsp;Sabada Dube ,&nbsp;Lucy Carty ,&nbsp;Renata Yokota ,&nbsp;Samira Bell ,&nbsp;Lance Turtle ,&nbsp;Yi Lu ,&nbsp;Kathryn Evans ,&nbsp;Nahila Justo ,&nbsp;Michelle Harley ,&nbsp;Jurgens Peters ,&nbsp;Carla Talarico ,&nbsp;Richard McNulty ,&nbsp;Ana Goios ,&nbsp;Sylvia Taylor ,&nbsp;Rachael A. Evans","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to characterise coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity, mortality and healthcare utilisation in immunocompromised individuals in England during 2023, using INFORM (INvestigation oF cOvid-19 Risk among iMmunocompromised populations) study data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study (ISRCTN53375662) using pseudonymised electronic health records of individuals aged ≥12 years from a random 25% sample of England’s population. Over 1 January–31 December 2023, adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRRs; adjusted for age, sex, non-immunocompromising comorbidities) between immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised individuals for COVID-19-related hospitalisation, death, and healthcare utilisation were estimated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Immunocompromised individuals represented 4.0% of 12,056,685 individuals studied but accounted for 21.7% and 21.9% of COVID-19 hospitalisations and deaths, respectively. Risk of severe COVID-19 was elevated for immunocompromised vs. non-immunocompromised; aIRRs: 2.04, 95% CI 1.95–2.14 (COVID-19 hospitalisation); 1.69, 95% CI 1.53–1.87 (COVID-19 death). COVID-19 vaccination was more likely in immunocompromised vs. non-immunocompromised (≥4 doses 72.6% vs. 29.8%). The aIRRs for COVID-19-related general practitioner consultations and accident and emergency/day case visits were 2.26 (95% CI 2.22−2.29) and 3.02 (95% CI 2.84−3.20), respectively, for immunocompromised vs. non-immunocompromised.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Beyond three years since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, immunocompromised individuals remain disproportionately impacted from COVID-19 despite increased vaccination. These findings highlight a persistent need for additional COVID-19 interventions for immunocompromised populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 3","pages":"Article 106432"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global impact of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on pneumococcal meningitis in all ages: The PSERENADE project","authors":"Yangyupei Yang ,&nbsp;Maria Deloria Knoll ,&nbsp;Carly Herbert ,&nbsp;Julia C. Bennett ,&nbsp;Daniel R. Feikin ,&nbsp;Maria Garcia Quesada ,&nbsp;Marissa K. Hetrich ,&nbsp;Scott L. Zeger ,&nbsp;Eunice W. Kagucia ,&nbsp;Melody Xiao ,&nbsp;Adam L. Cohen ,&nbsp;Mark van der Linden ,&nbsp;Mignon du Plessis ,&nbsp;Inci Yildirim ,&nbsp;Brita A. Winje ,&nbsp;Emmanuelle Varon ,&nbsp;Maria Teresa Valenzuela ,&nbsp;Palle Valentiner-Branth ,&nbsp;Anneke Steens ,&nbsp;J. Anthony Scott ,&nbsp;Kyla Hayford","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) introduced in childhood national immunization programs lowered vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), but replacement with non-vaccine-types persisted throughout the PCV10/13 follow-up period. We assessed PCV10/13 impact on pneumococcal meningitis incidence globally.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The number of cases with serotyped pneumococci detected in cerebrospinal fluid and population denominators were obtained from surveillance sites globally. Site-specific meningitis incidence rate ratios (IRRs) comparing pre-PCV incidence to each year post-PCV10/13 were estimated by age (&lt;5, 5–17 and ≥18 years) using Bayesian multi-level mixed effects Poisson regression, accounting for pre-PCV trends. All-site weighted average IRRs were estimated using linear mixed-effects regression stratified by age, product (PCV10 or PCV13) and prior PCV7 impact (none, moderate, or substantial). Changes in pneumococcal meningitis incidence were estimated overall and for product-specific vaccine-types and non-PCV13-types.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analyses included 10,168 cases &lt;5 y from PCV13 sites and 2849 from PCV10 sites, 3711 and 1549 for 5–17 y and 29,187 and 5653 for ≥18 y from 42 surveillance sites (30 PCV13, 12 PCV10, 2 PCV10/13) in 30 countries, primarily high-income (84%). Six years after PCV10/PCV13 introduction, pneumococcal meningitis declined 48–74% across products and PCV7 impact strata for children &lt;5 y, 35–62% for 5–17 y and 0–36% for ≥18 y. Impact against PCV10-types at PCV10 sites, and PCV13-types at PCV13 sites was high for all age groups (&lt;5 y: 96–100%; 5–17 y: 77–85%; ≥18 y: 73–85%). After switching from PCV7 to PCV10/13, increases in non-PCV13-types were generally low to none for all age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Pneumococcal meningitis declined in all age groups following PCV10/PCV13 introduction. Plateaus in non-PCV13-type meningitis suggest less replacement than for all IPD. Data from meningitis belt and high-burden settings were limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 3","pages":"Article 106426"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of a novel group B streptococcus CC61 clade associated with human infections in southern China","authors":"Changsong Wu ,&nbsp;Jianhao Lin ,&nbsp;Tong Chen ,&nbsp;Hongbo Zhou ,&nbsp;Yan Huang ,&nbsp;Ming Chen ,&nbsp;Yongan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Emerging human pathogens of animal origin have become an increasing public health concern in recent years. The aim of this study was to investigate the transmission of group B streptococcus (GBS) clonal complex (CC) 61 strains in the southern Chinese population and analyze their genetic characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Whole-genome sequencing was performed on 693 clinical isolates of GBS collected from southern China between 2016 and 2021, and the prevalence of human CC61 isolates was investigated by genomic epidemiology. Phylogenetic analysis and Bayesian analysis of population structure were used to define genetic clades by combining CC61 genomes from global sources. Unique characteristics of human CC61 isolates were analyzed by comparison with the genomes of other isolates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 21 CC61 isolates from 19 patients (including four neonates), most of which belonged to sequence type (ST) 929 (n=17) and a few to ST931 (n=2) and ST61 (n=2). Phylogenetic analysis showed that the ST929 and ST931 isolates formed a novel clade associated with human infections (CC61H), which is a sister clade to the traditional bovine CC61 isolates. Population structure analysis indicated that CC61H has developed a unique population structure distinct from known lineages, representing an as-yet-unknown lineage. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the epidemic success of CC61H in southern China was associated with the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance and virulence gene clusters. The insertion of a gene cluster encoding pilus island 1 may have contributed to the higher prevalence of ST929 relative to ST931. Furthermore, novel variants of the major pilin subunits BP-1 and BP-2b and the bacterial adhesin <em>bibA</em> were identified in CC61H, with <em>bibA</em> acquiring a pathogenic fragment of the homologous gene from the neonatal hypervirulent lineage CC17.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A novel clade of GBS CC61 associated with human infections was discovered in southern China. Given its multidrug resistance, high virulence and genomic characterization, the surveillance of CC61H strains should be more highly prioritized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 3","pages":"Article 106431"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated PD-1 and PDL-1 autoantibodies and association with tuberculosis","authors":"Kehong Zhang,&nbsp;Yuzhong Xu,&nbsp;Zhaodong Li,&nbsp;Yi Cai,&nbsp;Chenyan Shi,&nbsp;Yunlong Hu,&nbsp;Wenfei Wang,&nbsp;Qianting Yang,&nbsp;Damo Xu,&nbsp;Xinchun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 3","pages":"Article 106430"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An MDR Salmonella Enteritidis sublineage associated with gastroenteritis outbreaks and invasive disease in China","authors":"Xiaoyi Zheng ,&nbsp;Ying Xiang ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Li ,&nbsp;Xinying Du ,&nbsp;Yule Wang ,&nbsp;Sai Tian ,&nbsp;Jingzhuang Xue ,&nbsp;Ying Huang ,&nbsp;HONGBO LIU ,&nbsp;Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Hongbo Liu ,&nbsp;Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Chao Wang ,&nbsp;Mingjuan Yang ,&nbsp;Huiqun Jia ,&nbsp;Ligui Wang ,&nbsp;Xuebin Xu ,&nbsp;Lihua Song ,&nbsp;Hongbin Song ,&nbsp;Shaofu Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Salmonella enterica</em> serovar Enteritidis (<em>S.</em> Enteritidis) is a commonly reported pathogen which adapts to multiple hosts and causes critical disease burden at a global level. Here, we investigated a recently derived epidemic sublineage with multidrug resistance (MDR), which have caused extended time-period and cross-regional gastroenteritis outbreaks and even invasive nontyphoidal <em>Salmonella</em> disease (iNTS) in China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Whole-genome sequencing and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) testing were applied to 729 Chinese <em>S.</em> Enteritidis isolates in relation to gastroenteritis outbreaks, gastrointestinal-sporadic and iNTS infections, spanning 28 years (1994–2021) in China. Phylogenomic analysis was performed to explore the population structure and evolutionary history of the Chinese isolates within a global context. Molecular investigations of AMR genes, virulence factors, mobile genetic elements and pan-genomes were also performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Chinese <em>S.</em> Enteritidis collections exhibited a high level of multidrug resistance (MDR), including high resistance to nalidixic acid (97.67%). Notably, the multidrug resistance rate of iNTS strains has significantly increased over the past decade. Phylogenomic analysis showed that the majority of the Chinese isolates (98.63%) were distributed in the global pandemic lineage L1, while the other lineages were highly continent-specific. Particularly, the Chinese isolates were predominantly distributed in sublineages L1.2 (37.45%) and L1.3 (59.26%), forming two main Chinese clades (MCC1&amp;2). The most recent common ancestor of MCC1&amp;2 dated back to 1944 and 2004, respectively. The lineage L1, especially MCC1&amp;2, harbored the most amount of AMR determinants and virulence genes, which was mainly due to the presence of a hybrid virulence-resistance plasmid and coexistence of different types of AMR plasmids in <em>S.</em> Enteritidis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>S.</em> Enteritidis has evolved unique clonal clusters, MCC1&amp;2, with critical MDR in China, which phylogenetically constitute an extension of the globally epidemic lineage and were characterized by distinct genetic traits. These clades have induced extensive outbreaks of gastroenteritis and serious cases of iNTS in China, underscoring the pressing nature and severity of this public health crisis. Implementing the One-Health strategy, longstanding routine surveillance and further genomic epidemiological studies are urgently required to capture epidemics, monitor changes in bacterial populations and determine the consequent risk to global public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 3","pages":"Article 106421"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143043227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of SARS-CoV-2-related cancer malignancy: COVID-19 infection shapes a dynamic immune microenvironment and affects the prognosis","authors":"Yinghui Peng,&nbsp;Hong Shen,&nbsp;Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Shan Zeng,&nbsp;Changjing Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 1","pages":"Article 106364"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surge in scarlet fever cases in China: An atypical epidemiological pattern in Beijing","authors":"Mengyang Guo ,&nbsp;Yunhua Yao ,&nbsp;Huan Liu,&nbsp;Limin Dong,&nbsp;Kaihu Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106371","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 1","pages":"Article 106371"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resurgence of pertussis in China: Evaluating the efficacy of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim as an alternative treatment","authors":"Xinxin Zhu ,&nbsp;Zengguo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106373","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 1","pages":"Article 106373"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The unusual surge and patterns of scarlet fever in China warrant close monitoring","authors":"Mengyang Guo ,&nbsp;Siyu Chen ,&nbsp;Wei Gao,&nbsp;Limin Dong,&nbsp;Kaihu Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106381","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 1","pages":"Article 106381"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between rickettsial infection and hyperinflammation, diagnostic and management challenges","authors":"Sophie Skarbek ,&nbsp;Thomas HA Samuels, ,&nbsp;Sana Sharrack ,&nbsp;Danielle Cohen,&nbsp;Jessica J. Manson,&nbsp;Rachel S. Tattersall,&nbsp;Michael Brown ,&nbsp;James E. Meiring","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106372","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 1","pages":"Article 106372"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}