Journal of Infection最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of antistaphylococcal penicilin or cephazolin-based combinations versus monotherapy for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis. A propensity score analysis of nationwide prospective cohort.","authors":"Jorge Calderón-Parra, Sara Grillo, Patricia Muñoz, Marina Machado-Vilchez, Antonia Delgado-Montero, Arístides De Alarcón-González, Manuel Poyato-Borrego, M A Goenaga-Sánchez, M Carmen Fariñas-Alvarez, José M Miró, Luis Eduardo López-Cortés, Raquel Rodríguez-García, José A Oteo, Antonio Martínez-Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of antistaphylococcal penicillin (ASP) or cephazolin-based combinations versus monotherapy in patients with native-valve infective endocarditis (IE) caused by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Post-hoc analysis of a multicentre prospective cohort. We include patients from 2008 to 2022, with definite native-valve, left-side IE due to MSSA treated primarily with ASP/cephazolin. Patients were categorized according to whether they initially received monotherapy or combination therapy for more than 72 hours. A propensity score-matched cohort was planned.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 420 included cases, 94 (22.4%) received monotherapy and 326 (77.6%) combination. Median combination duration was 14 days (interquartile range 10-20). Sixty-eight combination cases were matched with 68 monotherapy controls. Baseline characteristics were well balanced. There were no differences in in-hospital or one-year mortality between groups (OR 0.85, 95%CI 0.33-2.18 and HR 0.68, 95%CI 0.35-1.31, respectively). Endocarditis relapses and persistent bacteraemia rates were similar (0% vs 1.5%, p=1.000; and 19.1% vs 13.2%, p=0.352, respectively). Drug-related adverse events were more frequent in combination group (15.0% vs 1.1%, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Antibiotic combination for patients with native valve left-sided MSSA endocarditis did not improve patient's outcomes. Drug-related adverse events were more frequent in combination patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106352"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world effectiveness and safety of Azvudine in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Zhigang Ren, Mengzhao Yang, Guanyue Su, Guowu Qian, Yiqiang Yuan, Jia Yu, Silin Li, Changshuang Wang, Mingxia Lu, Hong Luo, Shixi Zhang, Guangming Li, Donghua Zhang, Ling Wang, Guotao Li, Xiaoli Jin, Juan Wang, Mingming Wang, Ming Cheng, Haiyu Wang, Junbiao Chang, Zujiang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Azvudine has been designated as a priority treatment for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, however, clinical evidence in hospitalized cases remains insufficient.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a multi-center, retrospective cohort study to evaluate effectiveness and safety of azvudine in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 in China (NCT06349655). Kaplan-Meier method, Cox regression model, subgroup analysis and seven sensitive analyses were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 32864 hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 were enrolled, in which 5735 azvudine recipients and 5735 controls were selected using 1:1 propensity score matching. Based on Kaplan-Meier analysis, azvudine significantly reduced rates of all-cause death (P < 0.0001) and composite disease progression (P = 0.00019). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that hazard ratios of all-cause death and composite disease progression were 0.68 (95%CI: 0.598-0.775, P < 0.001) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.795-0.976, P = 0.016), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed preference of azvudine for patients receiving antibiotics in reducing all-cause death and composite disease progression. Seven sensitivity analyses verified the robustness of our results. Safety analysis on adverse events showed no significant difference between both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggested that azvudine may reduce all-cause death and composite disease progression in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection without serious adverse events. However, the findings are susceptible to some potential biases, and further studies still need to identify the efficacy of azvudine.</p>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106355"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of MHC-II Binding by Novel Influenza A Viruses and Their Cross-Species Transmission Potential.","authors":"Qingyang Liu, Peiluan Zhong, Qinglin Wei, Xiaorong Wang, Yudong He, Min Yang, Pengcheng Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106354"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reassessing Feature Importance Biases in Machine Learning Models for Infection Analysis.","authors":"Yoshiyasu Takefuji","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106357","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106357"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the prevalence of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome after a SARS-CoV-2 infection.","authors":"Nuno Sepúlveda, Francisco Westermeier","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106353","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106353"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic integrity in Bordetella pertussis: avoiding contaminant-derived misinterpretations of acquired antimicrobial resistance.","authors":"Yilu Zhuang, Shuangshuang Li, Danni Bao, João Pedro Rueda Furlan, Zhi Ruan","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106356","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106356"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"African swine fever virus in China: The diagnostic target gene (B646L) has acquired multi-point mutations.","authors":"Lei-Lei Ding, Zhi-Gang Wang, Tian-Peng Wang, Zhen-Jiang Zhang, Feng-Wei Jiang, Lin-Fei Song, Kun Xue, Fang Li, Ren-Qiang Liu, Zhi-Gao Bu, Xiao-Dong Wu, En-Cheng Sun, Dong-Ming Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106351","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106351"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Platform Trial In COVID-19 priming and BOOsting (PICOBOO): the immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety of licensed COVID-19 vaccinations administered as a second booster in BNT162b2 primed individuals aged 18-<50 and 50-<70 years old.","authors":"C McLeod, M Dymock, K L Flanagan, M Plebanski, H S Marshall, M J Estcourt, U Wadia, M C Tjiam, C C Blyth, K Subbarao, F L Mordant, S Nicholson, N Cain, R Brizuela, S N Faust, R B Thornton, Z Ellis, A Mckenzie, J A Marsh, T L Snelling, P C Richmond","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>PICOBOO is a randomised, adaptive trial evaluating the immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety of COVID-19 booster strategies. Here, we data for second boosters among individuals aged 18-<50 and 50-<70 years old primed with BNT162b2 until Day (D) 84.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Immunocompetent adults who had received two doses of BNT162b2 and any licensed COVID-19 booster at least three months prior were eligible. Participants were randomly allocated to BNT162b2, mRNA-1273 or NVX-CoV2373 1:1:1. The log₁₀ concentration of anti-spike Ig Total was summarised as the geometric mean concentration (GMC). Reactogenicity and safety outcomes were captured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between Mar 2022 and Aug 2023, 743 participants recruited to the trial had D28 samples available. Of these, 120 and 103 belonged to the 18-<50y and 50-<70y strata, respectively. The mean adjusted GMCs (95% credible intervals) peaked at D28; these were 41 262 (31 611, 51 105), 45 585 (34 194, 57 441) and 25 281 (20 021, 31 234) U/mL in the 18-<50y stratum and 30 753 (25 071, 36 704), 35 132 (27 523, 42 239) and 17 322 (13 983, 20 641) U/mL in the 50-<70y stratum following BNT162b2, mRNA-1273 and NVX-CoV2373, respectively. Limited neutralisation against Omicron subvariants was found following boosting with all vaccines. There were 4 possibly or probably-related adverse events in the 18-<50y stratum and 5 events in the 50-<70y stratum, and severe reactogenicity events were <10% and <11% in these strata, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vaccines targeting Ancestral virus elicited boosted antibody responses to Ancestral virus but minimal neutralising antibody against Omicron variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106346"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The IL-6 hypothesis in COVID-19: A phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of free IL-6 sequestration by the monoclonal antibody sirukumab in severe and critical COVID-19” [J Infect 89 (2024) 106241]","authors":"Kap Sum Foong","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106343","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"89 6","pages":"Article 106343"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142631771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of vaginal seeding on the gut microbiome of infants born via cesarean section: A systematic review.","authors":"Xiaochuan Wang, Hong Cui, Na Li, Borui Liu, Xiaoyan Zhang, Jing Yang, Ju-Sheng Zheng, Chong Qiao, Hui-Xin Liu, Jiajin Hu, Deliang Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review summarizes eight studies involving 558 cesarean section (CS)-born infants (274 exposed to vaginal seeding (VS), 284 not exposed) and 261 infants born vaginally to investigate the effect of VS on gut microbiome colonization and development in CS-born infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Relevant articles published before March 6, 2024, were identified through systematic searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. We included experimental studies that investigated changes in the gut microbiota of CS-born infants following VS and reported changes in the gut microbiota. The relationship between VS and the gut microbiota composition of CS-born infants was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VS may selectively influence the abundance of bacterial genera from various phyla, such as an increased relative abundance of Bacteroides and Lactobacillus, in the gut microbiome of CS-seeded infants compared to CS-non-seeded infants. Conflicting results mainly concern microbial diversity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current evidence indicates modest changes in the gut microbiome of CS-born infants following VS. However, further clinical studies are necessary to fully understand its impact on early-life health outcomes, particularly regarding potential microbiome alterations and associated health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106348"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142631765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}