Journal of Infection最新文献

{"title":"Circulating lncRNAs as biomarkers for severe dengue using a machine learning approach.","authors":"Rodolfo Katz, Nguyen Minh Nam, Tulio de Lima Campos, Victoria Indenbaum, Sophie Terenteva, Dinh Thi Thu Hang, Le Thi Hoi, Amos Danielli, Yaniv Lustig, Eli Schwartz, Hoang Van Tong, Ella H Sklan","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a significant global health concern, causing severe morbidity and mortality. While many cases present as a mild febrile illness, some progress to life-threatening severe dengue (SD). Early intervention is essential to improve outcomes, but current predictive methods lack specificity, burdening healthcare systems in endemic regions. Circulating long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as stable and promising biomarkers. This study explored the use of lncRNAs as predictive markers for SD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Differential expression and qPCR arrays were employed to identify lncRNAs associated with SD. Candidate lncRNAs were validated, and their plasma levels were measured in a cohort of Vietnamese dengue patients (n =377) and healthy controls (n=128) at admission. Machine learning algorithms were applied to predict the probability of SD progression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The predictive model demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96-1.0). At admission, it accurately identified 17 of 18 patients who later died as high-risk, compared to traditional warning signs, which flagged only 9 of these cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that this panel of lncRNAs has the potential to predict SD, which could help reduce healthcare burden and improve patient management in endemic countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106471"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term risk of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence following neonatal invasive group B Streptococcus disease-a Danish cohort study.","authors":"Malene Risager Lykke, Henrik Toft Sørensen, Joy Elisabeth Lawn, Erzsébet Horváth-Puhó","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The long-term risk of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders (PDs) after neonatal invasive group B Streptococcus disease (iGBS) and the modifying factors are poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population-based matched cohort study, including 1,548 infants with iGBS diagnosed during the first 3 months of life from 1997 through 2020 and follow-up until 2022, based on data from Danish national health and administrative registers. A general population comparison cohort of infants without iGBS was randomly sampled and matched 1:10 by sex, the child's birth year and month, and gestational age (n= 15,345).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cumulative incidence proportion (CIP) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of any PD was 21.1% (95% CI 18.7-23.7) in infants exposed to iGBS (88% sepsis, 12% meningitis) and 16.2% (95% CI 15.5-17.0) in the comparison cohort. The 18-year CIP of PD was higher for infants exposed to iGBS meningitis compared to iGBS sepsis. The adjusted hazard ratio for PD in infants with iGBS was 1.41 (95% CI 1.23-1.62).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>iGBS in early infancy is a risk factor for PDs, especially iGBS meningitis. Premature birth, gestational diabetes, and low maternal education increased the risk of any PD further.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus Agalactiae) remains the leading cause of neonatal, invasive disease and is associated with high mortality and risk of neurodevelopmental impairments. Scarce data exist regarding the long-term risk of psychiatric disorders following invasive group B Streptococcus disease in early infancy (iGBS), especially following sepsis. In this Danish national cohort study, we investigated the association of iGBS and the risk of psychiatric disorders until adolescence and early adulthood. We investigated to which extend premature birth, sex (at birth), maternal socioeconomic position or gestational diabetes were modifying the association between iGBS and psychiatric disorders. Our study found an increased risk of psychiatric disorders persisting into adolescence following iGBS, including both meningitis and sepsis. Specific psychiatric disorders with elevated risk included anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, autism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Premature birth, maternal gestational diabetes, and low maternal education further increased the risk of any psychiatric disorders, whereas the child's sex did not.</p>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106463"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic chemoprophylaxis for close contacts of invasive group A streptococcus in community settings: evidence review.","authors":"Vicky Watts, Martine Usdin, Rachel Mearkle, Shiranee Sriskandan, Rebecca Cordery, Sally Millership, Vanessa Saliba, Claire Edmundson, Anjali Pai, Colin S Brown, Sooria Balasegaram, Theresa Lamagni, Valerie Decraene","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Revised UK guidelines for the management of contacts of invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infection in community settings were published in December 2022. We present the findings of a narrative review which informed the public health recommendations around the provision of antibiotic chemoprophylaxis detailed in the updated guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a literature review of studies reporting the risk of iGAS infection associated with specific risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was strong epidemiological evidence for an increased risk of iGAS infection in contacts who are older individuals, post-partum women, neonates and individuals with chickenpox infection; evidence on the impact of influenza co-infection, injecting drug use or being homeless in increasing risk of iGAS infection was less robust.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The guidelines made recommendations to offer chemoprophylaxis to close contacts of iGAS cases who are aged ≥75 years, pregnant ≥37 weeks gestation, post-partum, neonates or those with a recent history of, or current chickenpox infection. Systematic data collection evaluating the use of chemoprophylaxis and other control measures is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106468"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral ADC189 for Adults and Adolescents with Uncomplicated Influenza.","authors":"Jingya Zhao, Guoping Sheng, Yingqi Lyu, Yilan Sun, Sikui Wang, Xiaolin Chen, Feng Ye, Lin Chen, Xiaowei Xu, Hong Wang, Bin Wu, Chunxian Peng, Min Deng, Lihong Qu, Xuehong Jiang, Junyan Hu, Yan Feng, Yongzhong Li, Jie Peng, Weiyang Li, Lei Shao, Feng Gao, Dongbo Tian, Jie Tan, Huanwei Zheng, Meifang Chen, Hong Wu, Xiaoyun Zhu, Min Zhou, Jieming Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>ADC189 is a novel anti-influenza virus inhibitor. In this study, we aimed to evaluated the safety and efficacy of ADC189 in outpatients with uncomplicated influenza infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the phase 2 trial, we assigned patients in a 2:2:1 ratio to receive either single dose 15-mg or 45-mg of ADC189 or placebo. In the phase 3 part, participants were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive 45-mg of ADC189 or placebo. The primary end point was the time to alleviation of influenza symptoms in the intention-to-treat infected population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the phase 2 trial that had 150 participants, the median time for virus RNA clearance was shorter in both ADC189 groups (15-mg group, 50·7hours; 45 mg-group, 45·8hours) compared to the placebo group (73·4hours; p=0·69 and 0·016, respectively). 617 participants were enrolled in the phase 3 trial. The median time to symptom alleviation was 50·0hours (95% CI, 44·6 to 59·3) with ADC189, as compared with 68·1hours (95% CI, 62·8 to 84·4) with placebo (p<0·0001). By 1 day after initiation, the decrease in viral load from baseline was greater in the ADC189 group than in the placebo group (2·316 and 1·049 log₁₀ virus copies per milliliter, respectively). Most adverse events were mild or moderate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A single-dose ADC189 shorten the time to the resolution of symptoms among adults and adolescents with uncomplicated influenza, without evident safety concerns. (Funded by Jiaxing AnDiCon Biotech Co., Ltd, Zhejiang, China; ChiCTR number, 20230137, and ClinicalTrials. gov number, NCT06342921.).</p>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106472"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolonged infusion of β-lactam antibiotics for the treatment of febrile neutropenia.","authors":"J Laporte-Amargos, C Tebé, J Carratalà, C Gudiol","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106464","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106464"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of Oropouche virus infection in Matanzas, Cuba, 2024","authors":"Berta María Bello-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Junior Vega-Jiménez ,&nbsp;Roberto Cañete ,&nbsp;Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106470","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 4","pages":"Article 106470"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolonged RSV circulation in 2022 to 2023 associated with the emergence of a novel RSV-B clade in Biliran, Philippines","authors":"Joanne de Jesus-Cornejo,&nbsp;Ruth Anne B. Hechanova-Cruz,&nbsp;Johanna Beulah T. Sornillo,&nbsp;Michiko Okamoto,&nbsp;Hitoshi Oshitani,&nbsp;On behalf of the Viral Etiology Working Group","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106467","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 4","pages":"Article 106467"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of nirsevimab in preventing RSV-hospitalisation among young children in Western Australia 2024","authors":"Ushma Wadia ,&nbsp;Hannah C. Moore ,&nbsp;Peter C. Richmond ,&nbsp;Avram Levy ,&nbsp;Lana Bell ,&nbsp;Catherine Pienaar ,&nbsp;Joanne Harvey ,&nbsp;Caroline Finucane ,&nbsp;Erin van der Helder ,&nbsp;Lauren Bloomfield ,&nbsp;Allen Cheng ,&nbsp;Paul Effler ,&nbsp;Christopher C. Blyth","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) causes a significant burden of illness for children under 2 years of age. Nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody, was registered for RSV prevention in Australia in 2023. In April 2024, Western Australia (WA) launched the country’s first state-wide nirsevimab program for all infants and high-risk children entering their second RSV season. This study describes the effectiveness of nirsevimab against RSV hospitalisation over a single epidemic season.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between April and October 2024, children hospitalised with laboratory-confirmed RSV-associated acute respiratory infection (ARI) and test-negative controls were enrolled from three hospitals in WA. Demographic variables, medical risk factors, symptoms and outcomes were assessed. Nirsevimab effectiveness in preventing RSV-associated hospitalisation was estimated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over 7 months, 284 children eligible for nirsevimab were enrolled including 184 RSV positive cases and 100 controls. Coverage of nirsevimab in RSV cases was 22.8% and 60.0% in controls. The overall adjusted effectiveness of nirsevimab against RSV-associated ARI hospitalisation was 88.2% (95% CI: 73.5, 94.7). RSV infection occurred in 42 (22.8%) children who had received nirsevimab; there was no significant difference in RSV illness severity among those immunised and unimmunised.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nirsevimab was highly effective at preventing RSV-associated ARI hospitalisation in young children in the southern hemisphere.</div></div><div><h3>Summary</h3><div>This study is the first Australian study to provide nirsevimab effectiveness estimate against RSV hospitalisation over a single epidemic season. The adjusted estimate of nirsevimab effectiveness against RSV-associated ARI hospitalisation was 88.2%, similar to those reported from Northern Hemisphere countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 4","pages":"Article 106466"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human dirofilariasis - a potentially significant nematode zoonosis in an era of climate change.","authors":"Stefan Momčilović, Andriana Jovanović, Robin B Gasser","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dirofilariasis is a mosquito-borne zoonosis caused by several species of the genus Dirofilaria. This disease can manifest as nodular lesions in subcutaneous tissues, various structures of the eye, the lungs and/or visceral organs. The Dirofilaria species and the vectors responsible for transmitting infection differ among various geographical regions. The most competent reservoirs of infection are domestic and wild canids (for Dirofilaria repens and Dirofilaria immitis), raccoons (for Dirofilaria tenuis) and bears (for Dirofilaria ursi), and humans represent aberrant or accidental hosts. Recently, there has been an increasing number of reported clinical cases of dirofilariasis in both animals and humans. It is known that changes in climatic conditions, including increased temperature, relative humidity and rainfall, can contribute to favorable conditions for the development of mosquitoes and larval stages of filarial parasites within the vector. Despite advances in our knowledge of nematodes of the genus Dirofilaria and the pathological changes that they can induce in different hosts, many clinicians are unfamiliar with dirofilariasis. Thus, in clinical settings, nodules associated with dirofilariasis are often misdiagnosed as neoplastic lesions. Often, physicians surgically excise such nodules from affected patients, sometimes in very sensitive or difficult-to-reach anatomical locations, which may be accompanied by complications or serious consequences for the patients' health, including a stressful experience in the period from the discovery of a nodule to a definitive diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":" ","pages":"106460"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid and accurate diagnosis of urinary tract infections using targeted next-generation sequencing: A multicenter comparative study with metagenomic sequencing and traditional culture methods","authors":"Zhenglin Chang ,&nbsp;Jiwang Deng ,&nbsp;Jinhu Zhang ,&nbsp;Haojie Wu ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Wu ,&nbsp;Lai Bin ,&nbsp;Danmei Li ,&nbsp;Jingxing Liu ,&nbsp;Rixia Yu ,&nbsp;Huaming Lin ,&nbsp;Lingyue An ,&nbsp;Baoqing Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) rank among the most prevalent bacterial infections globally. Traditional urine culture methods have significant limitations in detection time and sensitivity, prompting the need to evaluate targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) as a potential diagnostic tool.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included a discovery cohort of 400 suspected UTI patients (202 analyzed) and a validation cohort of 200 patients (110 analyzed). The study assessed detection time, concordance rates, ability to identify polymicrobial infections, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Both clear and turbid urine samples were evaluated across different clinical settings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the discovery cohort, tNGS demonstrated 96.5% concordance with culture-positive samples, while showing superior specificity in culture-negative specimens (53.1% vs 28.1% for mNGS). Detection time for tNGS (12.89 h) was notably shorter than mNGS (17.38 h) and traditional culture (61.48 h). tNGS exhibited remarkable capability in identifying polymicrobial infections (55.4% of samples), significantly outperforming both mNGS (27.7%) and traditional culture methods, which failed to detect any co-infections. The method showed particular strength in detecting fastidious organisms like Ureaplasma parvum and fungal species such as Candida tropicalis. For antibiotic resistance prediction, tNGS detected more ARGs (52.67% vs 41.22% for mNGS) and achieved 100% sensitivity for vancomycin and methicillin resistance in Gram-positive pathogens. The validation cohort confirmed tNGS's robust performance, maintaining high concordance rates for both culture-positive (90.00%) and culture-negative samples (55.00%), demonstrating consistent reliability across different clinical settings</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>tNGS demonstrates advantages in rapid and accurate UTI diagnosis, particularly in detecting polymicrobial infections and analyzing antibiotic resistance genes. It shows promise as an effective complementary tool for UTI diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":"90 4","pages":"Article 106459"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}