Journal of Infection最新文献

{"title":"Effect of a campaign with oral polio vaccine on general health: A cluster-randomised trial in rural Guinea-Bissau","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate in a cluster-randomised trial whether a campaign with oral polio vaccine (C-OPV) reduced mortality and morbidity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We randomised 222 village clusters under demographic surveillance to an intervention (health check and C-OPV) or control group (health check only). Children aged 0–8 months were eligible. In Cox proportional hazards models with age as the underlying timescale, we compared rates of non-accidental mortality/hospital admission (composite primary outcome) during 12 months of follow-up. Secondary analyses considered non-accidental admission and mortality as separate outcomes. Potential effect modifiers identified in prior studies including sex, season, and timing of the first routine OPV dose (OPV0, scheduled at birth) were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 10,175 children (5288 in 111 intervention clusters/4887 in 111 control clusters), we observed 265 deaths/admissions during 7616 person-years at risk (intervention: 129; control: 136). C-OPV did not reduce the composite endpoint, hazard ratio (HR): 0.87, 95%CI: 0.68–1.12 or its separate components. C-OPV reduced the risk in children receiving OPV0&lt;15 days of birth (HR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.46–0.95), but not in other children (p for interaction: 0.03). Interactions for other potential effect modifiers were not statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>C-OPV had no overall effect on mortality/admissions, but the effect differed by early priming with OPV0.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and predictors of laboratory abnormalities during outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy – A multicenter cohort study to inform laboratory test monitoring","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Evidence on the optimal frequency of laboratory testing during outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is lacking. Therefore, we investigated how often and when laboratory abnormalities occur during OPAT and which factors are associated with these abnormalities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed a multicenter cohort study in four Dutch hospitals among adult patients receiving OPAT and collected routinely obtained laboratory test results. Incidence and incidence rates were calculated for various laboratory abnormalities. Survival analysis was performed to visualize the time to the first occurrence of laboratory abnormalities and Poisson regression analysis to compare the number of abnormalities in the first and second 30 OPAT days among patients receiving OPAT for ≥60 days. Predictors were identified using a multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>45.1% of 1152 included patients developed laboratory abnormalities, but only 2% led to OPAT discontinuation. Hepatotoxicity was most common (33.9 events/1000 OPAT days), with a time-dependent decrease in the occurrence of the first hepatotoxic event, while hypokalemia was rare (1.7 events/1000 OPAT days). In the subgroup of patients receiving ≥60 days of OPAT, nephrotoxicity was more common in days 31–60. We observed partly toxicity-specific associations between antibiotic type, concomitant medication, baseline laboratory values, patient characteristics, and the occurrence of laboratory abnormalities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>While laboratory abnormalities are frequently observed during OPAT, they rarely lead to discontinuation of OPAT. Specific patient, treatment and laboratory characteristics were associated with the occurrence of laboratory abnormalities. Based on our results, we recommend a more personalized laboratory monitoring policy with less blood sampling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global resurgence of pertussis: A perspective from China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pertussis (or whooping cough) is a highly infectious acute respiratory disease primarily caused by <em>Bordetella pertussis</em>, which is also one of the most important causes of infant death worldwide. The widespread use of vaccines has greatly reduced the morbidity and mortality of pertussis. However, since the 1980s, in a number of countries with high vaccine coverage, the incidence of pertussis has risen again after remaining low for many years, with outbreaks even occurring in some areas. The peak onset of pertussis is shifting from infancy to adolescence, and adolescence is becoming the main source of infection for infants. Despite the increasing incidence of pertussis, serological findings suggest that the true prevalence of the disease may be significantly underestimated. Therefore, in this narrative review, we summarize the pathogenic process and immune characteristics of bacteria, the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, as well as vaccination and prevalence of pertussis at home and abroad, and attempt to analyze the causes and influencing factors of pertussis resurgence and summarize some prevention and control strategies to assist in improving the understanding of pertussis and preventing unexpected outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of plasma soluble receptors of TNF and IL-1 in patients with COVID-19 differs from that observed in sepsis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>IL-1α/β and TNF are closely linked to the pathology of severe COVID-19 and sepsis. The soluble forms of their receptors, functioning as decoy receptors, exhibit inhibitory effects. However, little is known about their regulation in severe bacterial and viral infections, which we aimed to investigate in this study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The circulating soluble receptors of TNF (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) and IL-1α/β (sIL-1R1, sIL-1R2) were evaluated in the plasma of patients with COVID-19, severe bacterial infections, and sepsis and compared with healthy controls. Additionally, <em>IL1R1</em>, <em>IL1R2</em>, <em>TNFRSF1A</em>, and <em>TNFRSF1B</em> expression was evaluated at the single cell level in PBMCs derived from COVID-19 or sepsis patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Plasma concentrations of sIL-1R1, sTNFR1, and sTNFR2 were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy subjects. Notably, sIL-1R1 levels were particularly elevated in ICU COVID-19 patients, and transcriptome analysis indicated heightened <em>IL1R1</em> expression in PBMCs from severe COVID-19 patients. In severe bacterial infections, only sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 exhibited increased levels compared to healthy controls. Sepsis patients had decreased sIL-1R1 plasma concentrations but elevated sIL-1R2, sTNFR1, and sTNFR2 levels compared to healthy individuals, reflecting the heightened expression due to the increased numbers of monocytes present in sepsis. Finally, elevated concentrations of sIL-1R2, sTNFR1, and sTNFR2 were moderately associated with reduced 28-day survival in sepsis patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study reveals distinct regulation of plasma concentrations of soluble IL-1 receptors in COVID-19 and sepsis. Moreover, soluble TNF receptors 1 and 2 consistently rise in all conditions and show a positive correlation with disease severity in sepsis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy with carbapenems: A systematic review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To review the literature on parenteral carbapenems in OPAT and present comprehensive evidence on their safety, efficacy, and stability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted through 17 January 2024, using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library to find relevant articles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ertapenem (1 g QD) in OPAT showed high clinical (81–97%) and microbiological (67–90.9%) success rates. Ertapenem (1 g QD) was also comparable to piperacillin/tazobactam (3.375 g every 6 h) for complicated skin infections and superior to cefazolin (2 g every 8 h) and oxacillin (2 g every 4–6 h) for various infections. Ertapenem monotherapy, once daily, achieved an 81% clinical cure rate for urinary tract infections. Additionally, subcutaneous ertapenem in OPAT showed outcomes comparable to parenteral routes. Meropenem continuous infusion (CI) may also be considered safe and effective in selected patient populations; however, its use in OPAT as a CI is limited due to stability concerns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Parenteral carbapenems are effective, and well-tolerated OPAT treatment options; nonetheless, further studies are warranted to optimize the stability and/or dosing regimens of meropenem and enable its wider use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The persistence of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Long COVID-19 (LC) patients experience a number of chronic idiopathic symptoms that are highly similar to those of post-viral myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). We have therefore performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the proportion of LC patients that satisfy ME/CFS diagnostic criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Clinical studies published between January 2020 and May 2023 were identified using the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and CINAHL databases. Publication inclusion/exclusion criteria were formulated using the global CoCoPop framework. Data were pooled using a random-effects model with a restricted maximum-likelihood estimator. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical assessment tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 13 eligible studies that reported a total of 1973 LC patients. Our meta-analysis indicated that 51% (95% CI, 42%−60%) of LC patients satisfied ME/CFS diagnostic criteria, with fatigue, sleep disruption, and muscle/joint pain being the most common symptoms. Importantly, LC patients also experienced the ME/CFS hallmark symptom, post-exertional malaise.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study not only demonstrates that LC patients exhibit similar symptom clusters to ME/CFS, but that approximately half of LC patients satisfy a diagnosis of ME/CFS. Our findings suggest that current ME/CFS criteria could be adapted to the identification of a subset of LC patients that may facilitate the standardised diagnosis, management and the recruitment for clinical studies in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protection of vaccine boosters and prior infection against mild/asymptomatic and moderate COVID-19 infection in the UK SIREN healthcare worker cohort: October 2023 to March 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Bivalent original/BA.4–5 and monovalent XBB.1.5 mRNA boosters were offered to UK healthcare workers (HCWs) in the autumn of 2023. We aimed to estimate booster vaccine effectiveness (VE) and post-infection immunity among the SIREN HCW cohort over the subsequent 6-month period of XBB.1.5 and JN.1 variant circulation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between October 2023 to March 2024, 2867 SIREN study participants tested fortnightly for SARS-CoV-2 and completed symptoms questionnaires. We used multi-state models, adjusted for vaccination, prior infection, and demographic covariates, to estimate protection against mild/asymptomatic and moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Half of the participants (1422) received a booster during October 2023 (280 bivalent, 1142 monovalent), and 536 (19%) had a PCR-confirmed infection over the study period. Bivalent booster VE was 15.1% (−55.4 to 53.6%) at 0–2 months and 4.2% (−46.4 to 37.3%) at 2–4 months post-vaccination. Monovalent booster VE was 44.2% (95% CI 21.7 to 60.3%) at 0–2 months, and 24.1% (−0.7 to 42.9%) at 2–4 months. VE was greater against moderate infection than against mild/asymptomatic infection, but neither booster showed evidence of protection after 4 months. Controlling for vaccination, compared to an infection &gt;2 years prior, infection within the past 6 months was associated with 58.6% (30.3 to 75.4%) increased protection against moderate infection and 38.5% (5.8 to 59.8%) increased protection against mild/asymptomatic infection.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Monovalent XBB.1.5 boosters provided short-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly against moderate symptoms. Vaccine formulations that target the circulating variant may be suitable for inclusion in seasonal vaccination campaigns among HCWs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapy modulates the response to T cell epitopes over the spectrum of tuberculosis infection","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Identifying stage-specific antigens is essential for developing tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics and vaccines. In a low TB endemic country, we characterized, the <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (Mtb)-specific immune response to a pool of Mtb-derived epitopes (ATB116), demonstrated as associated with TB disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this prospective observational cross-sectional study, we enrolled healthy donors (HD), subjects with TB disease, and TB infection (TBI) at baseline and therapy completion. T-cell response after whole blood stimulation with the peptide pools was characterized by ELISA, flow cytometry, and multiplex assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ATB116-specific IFN-γ response (by ELISA) significantly associates with Mtb regardless of infection/disease (p &lt; 0.0001) and decreases during TB therapy (p = 0.0002). Flow cytometry confirms that ATB116-specific CD4⁺ T-cell response associated with Mtb regardless of infection/disease (p &lt; 0.0001) and shows a significantly higher frequency of IFN-γ/IL-2 and central memory T-cells in TBI compared to TB (p = 0.016; p = 0.0242, respectively). CD4⁺ T cell-specific response decreases after TB therapy completion. The antigen-specific CD8⁺ T-cell response mirrors the CD4⁺ response. Finally, the multiplex assay analysis showed that ATB116 induces several immune factors in both TB and TBI.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We characterized the immune response to Mtb peptide pools that is modulated by TB therapy. These results are important for our understanding of TB immunopathogenesis and vaccine design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the temperature dependent extrinsic incubation period of West Nile Virus using Bayesian time delay models","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>West Nile Virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen that primarily infects birds. Infections can spillover to humans and cause a spectrum of clinical symptoms, including WNV neuroinvasive disease. The extrinsic incubation period (EIP) is the time taken for a mosquito to become infectious following the ingestion of an infected blood meal. Characterising how the EIP varies with temperature is an essential part of predicting the impact and transmission dynamics of WNV. We re-analyse existing experimental data using Bayesian time delay models, allowing us to account for variation in how quickly individual mosquitoes developed disseminated WNV infections. In these experiments, cohorts of <em>Culex pipiens</em> mosquitoes were infected with WNV and kept under different temperature conditions, being checked for disseminated infection at defined timepoints. We find that EIPs are best described with a Weibull distribution and become shorter log-linearly with temperature. Under 18°C, less than 1% of infected <em>Cx. pipiens</em> had a disseminated infection after 5 days, compared to 9.73% (95% CrI: 7.97 to 11.54) at 25°C and 42.20% (95% CrI: 38.32 to 46.60) at 30°C. In the hottest experimental temperature treatment (32°C), the EIP₅₀ was estimated at 3.78 days (CrI: 3.42 to 4.15) compared to over 100 days in the coolest treatment (15°C). The variance of EIPs was found to be much larger at lower temperatures than higher temperatures, highlighting the importance of characterising the time delay distribution associated with the EIP. We additionally demonstrate a competitive advantage of WNV strain WN02 over NY99, where the former infects mosquitoes more quickly at colder temperatures than the latter. This research contributes crucial parameters to the WNV literature, providing essential insights for modellers and those planning interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity and safety of SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein vaccine in South African people living with and without HIV-1 infection: A phase 2 randomised trial","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Response data for COVID-19 vaccines in immunosuppressed individuals are typically limited to standard dosing in small populations. Adjusting number or interval of doses may impact immune responses based on HIV status.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This phase 2 randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled South African study (2019nCoV-505/NCT05112848) enrolled medically stable people living with HIV (PLWH) and HIV-uninfected participants aged 18–65 years. PLWH were randomised 1:1:1 to receive NVX-CoV2373 on day 0 (D0) and either D21 (2-Dose_D0/D21) or D70 (2-Dose_D0/D70), or on D0, D21, and D70 (3-Dose). HIV-uninfected participants were randomised 1:1 to each 2-Dose regimen. PLWH were stratified into well-controlled and less–well-controlled subgroups. The primary immunologic endpoint included serum IgG and neutralising antibody responses (per geometric mean fold rise [GMFR] in titre and seroconversion rate) to ancestral SARS-CoV-2 at D35 (2-Dose_D0/D21) and D84 (2-Dose_D0/D70 and 3-Dose). The primary safety endpoints were participants with an unsolicited adverse event through D84, at D120, and at D180, or reactogenicity ≤7 days post-vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 288 PLWH, 98, 96, and 94 were randomised into the 2-Dose_D0/D21, 2-Dose_D0/D70, and 3-Dose groups, respectively; 96 HIV-uninfected participants were randomised to the 2-Dose_D0/D21 (n = 47) or 2-Dose_D0/D70 (n = 49) regimens. Most (&gt;85%) of the population were SARS-CoV-2 positive at baseline. Ancestral anti-spike IgG GMFRs in PLWH and HIV-uninfected participants, respectively, were 12·4 and 12·9 (D35) and 12·2 and 13·6 (D84). Comparable outcomes occurred across dosing regimens and in well-controlled and less–well-controlled PLWH. Microneutralization GMFRs at D84 in PLWH and HIV-uninfected participants, respectively, were: 6·9 and 10·1 (2-Dose_D0/D21), 11·0 and 11·3 (2-Dose_D0/D70), and 17·2 (PLWH 3-Dose). Antibody responses against BA.1 trended similar to those against the ancestral virus. Safety outcomes were comparable among PLWH and HIV-uninfected participants.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrated that NVX-CoV2373 produced consistent immunogenicity responses to SARS-CoV-2 among PLWH and HIV-uninfected participants, with no new safety signals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}