Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Humoral Correlates of Protection Against Influenza A/H3N2 Virus Infection.","authors":"Gregory Hoy, Daniel Stadlbauer, Angel Balmaseda, Guillermina Kuan, Roger López, Juan Manuel Carreno Quiroz, Sergio Ojeda, Nery Sánchez, Temima Yellin, Miguel Plazaola, Aaron Frutos, Florian Krammer, Aubree Gordon","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae258","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Influenza virus remains a threat to human health, but gaps remain in our knowledge of the humoral correlates of protection against influenza virus A/H3N2, limiting our ability to generate effective, broadly protective vaccines. The role of antibodies against the hemagglutinin (HA) stalk, a highly conserved but immunologically subdominant region, has not been established for influenza virus A/H3N2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Household transmission studies were conducted in Managua, Nicaragua, across 3 influenza seasons. Household contacts were tested for influenza virus infection using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. We compared preexisting antibody levels against full-length HA, HA stalk, and neuraminidase (NA) measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, along with hemagglutination inhibition assay titers, between infected and uninfected participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 899 individuals participated in household activation, with 329 infections occurring. A 4-fold increase in initial HA stalk titers was independently associated with an 18% decrease in the risk of infection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.82 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .68-.98]; P = .04). In adults, anti-HA stalk antibodies were independently associated with protection (aOR, 0.72 [95% CI, .54-.95]; P = .02). However, in 0- to 14-year-olds, anti-NA antibodies (aOR, 0.67 [95% CI, .53-.85]; P < .01) were associated with protection against infection, but anti-HA stalk antibodies were not.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The HA stalk is an independent correlate of protection against A/H3N2 infection, though this association is age dependent. Our results support the continued exploration of the HA stalk as a target for broadly protective influenza vaccines but suggest that the relative benefits may depend on age and influenza virus exposure history.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1319-1328"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whispers in the Wind: Face Mask Sampling for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Detection in Children With Pulmonary Tuberculosis.","authors":"Lennard Meiwes, Irina Kontsevaya, Dumitru Chesov, Stela Kulciţkaia, Viola Dreyer, Doris Hillemann, Qiniso Dlamini, Caroline Williams, Michael Barer, Folke Brinkmann, Renate Krüger, Stephanie Thee, Alexander Kay, Anna Maria Mandalakas, Christoph Lange","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae282","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recently, face mask sampling (FMS) confirmed detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA from exhaled breath in adults with tuberculosis. To date, no study has evaluated the use of FMS to detect pulmonary tuberculosis in children. We developed a method for FMS of M. tuberculosis-specific DNA in children and performed a clinical exploration to assess feasibility in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Face masks were spiked, analyzed on GeneXpert-Ultra, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and targeted next-generation sequencing. Children with pulmonary tuberculosis were asked to wear 3 modified FFP2 masks for 30 minutes as part of an exploratory clinical study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Experiments with H37Ra M. tuberculosis strain showed a limit of 95% detection of 3.75 colony-forming units (95% confidence interval, 4.85-3.11) on GeneXpert-Ultra. Ten children with pulmonary tuberculosis participated in the clinical study. M. tuberculosis-specific DNA was detected on none of the face masks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pediatric FMS has a low limit of detection for M. tuberculosis-specific DNA in vitro. However, M. tuberculosis DNA was not detected in any of 30 masks worn by children with pulmonary tuberculosis. This suggests that FMS in this form may not be more effective for detecting M. tuberculosis in children with tuberculosis than existing methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1510-1517"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Countrywide Survey of hrp2/3 Deletions and kelch13 Mutations Co-occurrence in Ethiopia.","authors":"Claire Kamaliddin, Jack Burke-Gaffney, Shoaib Ashraf, Daniel Castañeda-Mogollón, Aderaw Adamu, Bacha Mekonen Tefa, Ayesha Wijesinghe, Enaara Pussegoda, Sindew Mekasha Feleke, Dylan R Pillai","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae373","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malaria elimination relies on detection of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich proteins 2/3 (HRP2/3) through rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and treatment with artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs). Data from the Horn of Africa suggest increasing hrp2/3 gene deletions and ACT partial resistance kelch13 (k13) mutations. To assess this, 233 samples collected during a national survey from 7 regions of Ethiopia were studied for hrp2/3 deletions with droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) and k13 mutations with DNA sequencing. Approximately 22% of the study population harbored complete hrp2/3 deletions by ddPCR. Thirty-two of 44 of k13 single-nucleotide polymorphisms identified were R622I associated with ACT partial resistance. Both hrp2/3 deletions and k13 mutations associated with ACT partial resistance appear to be co-occurring, especially in Northwest Ethiopia. Ongoing national surveillance relying on accurate laboratory methods are required to elaborate the genetic diversity of P. falciparum.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e1394-e1401"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Viral Coinfections in Pediatric Patients in the Primary Care Setting: A Multicenter Prospective Study Within the COPEDICAT Network.","authors":"Cristina Andrés, Aida Perramon-Malavez, Anna Creus-Costa, Anna Gatell, Ramona Martín-Martín, Elisabet Solà-Segura, Maria Teresa Riera-Bosch, Mireia Biosca, Isabel Soler, Maria Chiné, Lidia Sanz, Gabriela Quezada, Sandra Pérez, Olga Salvadó, Imma Sau, Clara Prats, Andrés Antón, Antoni Soriano-Arandes","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae279","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute respiratory viral infections pose a significant healthcare burden on the pediatric population globally, but data on the dissemination pattern in the community due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are scarce. We conducted a 2-year prospective multicenter study in Catalonia (Spain) that examined the prevalence and coinfection dynamics of respiratory viruses among 1276 pediatric patients from different age groups attending primary care. Coinfection analysis demonstrated complex patterns and revealed a coinfection rate of 23.8% for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, often in association with rhinovirus or influenza A. This study provides valuable data to understand postpandemic viral interactions, which is imperative for public health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1337-1341"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141159040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load and COVID-19 Vaccination in 4 Phase 3 Trials.","authors":"Holly Janes, Leigh H Fisher, Jia Jin Kee, Lalitha Parameswaran, Paul A Goepfert, Ann R Falsey, James Ludwig, Craig A Magaret, Peter B Gilbert, James G Kublin, Nadine Rouphael, Magdalena E Sobieszczyk, Hana M El Sahly, Lindsey R Baden, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Stephen R Walsh, Glenda E Gray, Karen L Kotloff, Cynthia L Gay, Alexander L Greninger, Milagritos D Tapia, E Adrianne Hammershaimb, Frances H Priddy, Justin A Green, Frank Struyf, Lisa Dunkle, Kathleen M Neuzil, Lawrence Corey, Yunda Huang","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae400","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines reduce severe disease and mortality and may lessen transmission, measured by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load (VL). Evaluating vaccine associations in VL at COVID-19 diagnosis in 4 phase 3 randomized, placebo-controlled vaccine trials, July 2020 to July 2021, VL reductions were 2.78 log10 copies/mL (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38-4.18; n = 60 placebo, 11 vaccine) and 2.12 log10 copies/mL (95% CI, 1.44-2.80; n = 594 placebo, 36 vaccine) for NVX-CoV2373 and mRNA-1273, respectively. Associations were not significant for AZD1222 (0.59 log10 copies/mL; 95% CI, -.19 to 1.36; n = 90 placebo, 78 vaccine) or Ad26.COV2.S (0.23 log10 copies/mL; 95% CI, -.01 to .47; n = 916 placebo, 424 vaccine). Thus, vaccines potentially decreased transmission when ancestral SARS-CoV-2 predominated. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT04470427, NCT04505722, NCT04516746, NCT04611802.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1384-1389"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142121019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Signatures of Progression to Tuberculosis Disease Among Close Contacts in Brazil.","authors":"Simon C Mendelsohn, Bruno B Andrade, Stanley Kimbung Mbandi, Alice M S Andrade, Vanessa M Muwanga, Marina C Figueiredo, Mzwandile Erasmus, Valeria C Rolla, Prisca K Thami, Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos, Adam Penn-Nicholson, Afranio L Kritski, Mark Hatherill, Timothy R Sterling, Thomas J Scriba","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae237","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Approximately 5% of people infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis progress to tuberculosis (TB) disease without preventive therapy. There is a need for a prognostic test to identify those at highest risk of incident TB so that therapy can be targeted. We evaluated host blood transcriptomic signatures for progression to TB disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Close contacts (≥4 hours of exposure per week) of adult patients with culture-confirmed pulmonary TB were enrolled in Brazil. Investigation for incident, microbiologically confirmed, or clinically diagnosed pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB disease through 24 months of follow-up was symptom triggered. Twenty previously validated blood TB transcriptomic signatures were measured at baseline by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Prognostic performance for incident TB was tested by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis at 6, 9, 12, and 24 months of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between June 2015 and June 2019, 1854 close contacts were enrolled. Twenty-five progressed to incident TB, of whom 13 had microbiologically confirmed disease. Baseline transcriptomic signature scores were measured in 1789 close contacts. Prognostic performance for all signatures was best within 6 months of diagnosis. Seven signatures (Gliddon4, Suliman4, Roe3, Roe1, Penn-Nicholson6, Francisco2, and Rajan5) met the minimum World Health Organization target product profile for a prognostic test through 6 months and 3 signatures (Gliddon4, Rajan5, and Duffy9) through 9 months. None met the target product profile threshold through ≥12 months of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Blood transcriptomic signatures may be useful for predicting TB risk within 9 months of measurement among TB-exposed contacts to target preventive therapy administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e1355-e1365"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and Patterns of HIV Transmitted Drug Resistance in China From 2018 to 2023.","authors":"Jingrong Ye, Yuan Dong, Yun Lan, Jing Chen, Ying Zhou, Jinjin Liu, Dan Yuan, Xinli Lu, Weigui Guo, Minna Zheng, Hong Yang, Xiao Song, Cong Liu, Quanhua Zhou, Chenli Zheng, Qi Guo, Xiaohui Yang, Lincai Zhang, Zhangwen Ge, Lifeng Liu, Fengting Yu, Yang Han, Huihuang Huang, Mingqiang Hao, Yuhua Ruan, Jianjun Wu, Jianjun Li, Qiang Chen, Zhen Ning, Xuemei Ling, Chang Zhou, Xuangu Liu, Jianyun Bai, Ya Gao, Xue Tong, Kangping Zhou, Fanghua Mei, Zhengrong Yang, Ao Wang, Wei Wei, Ruijuan Qiao, Xinhua Luo, Xiaojie Huang, Juan Wang, Xin Shen, Fengyu Hu, Linglin Zhang, Wei Tan, Jixiang Fan, Aixia Tu, Guolong Yu, Yong Fang, Shufang He, Xin Chen, Donglin Wu, Xinhui Zhang, Ruolei Xin, Xin He, Xianlong Ren, Conghui Xu, Yanming Sun, Yang Li, Guowu Liu, Xiyao Li, Junyi Duan, Tao Huang, Yiming Shao, Yi Feng, Qichao Pan, Bin Su, Tianjun Jiang, Hongxin Zhao, Tong Zhang, Faqing Chen, Bing Hu, Hui Wang, Jin Zhao, Kun Cai, Wei Sun, Baicheng Gao, Tielin Ning, Shu Liang, Yuqi Huo, Gengfeng Fu, Feng Li, Yi Lin, Hui Xing, Hongyan Lu","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae303","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>National treatment guidelines of China evolving necessitates population-level surveillance of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) to inform or update HIV treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the demographic, clinical, and virologic data obtained from people with HIV (PWH) residing in 31 provinces of China who were newly diagnosed between 2018 and 2023. Evidence of TDR was defined by the World Health Organization list for surveillance of drug resistance mutations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 22 124 PWH with protease and reverse transcriptase sequences, 965 (4.36%; 95% CI, 4.1-4.63) had at least 1 TDR mutation. The most frequent TDR mutations were nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations (2.39%; 95% CI, 2.19%-2.59%), followed by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations(1.35%; 95% CI, 1.2%-1.5%) and protease inhibitor mutations (1.12%; 95% CI, .98%-1.26%). The overall protease and reverse transcriptase TDR increased significantly from 4.05% (95% CI, 3.61%-4.52%) in 2018 to 5.39% (95% CI, 4.33%-6.57%) in 2023. A low level of integrase strand transfer inhibitor TDR was detected in 9 (0.21%; 95% CI, .1%-.38%) of 4205 PWH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Presently, the continued use of NNRTI-based first-line antiretroviral therapy regimen for HIV treatment has been justified.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1410-1421"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of 2 Novel Subtypes of Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 8 and a Potential New Genotype Successfully Treated With Direct Acting Antivirals.","authors":"Jean L Mbisa, Zena Lapp, David F Bibby, Laura T Phillips, Carmen F Manso, Simon Packer, Ruth Simmons, Kathryn Harris, Jaiganesh Mohan, Lalitha Chinnappan, Thomas Leitner, Daniel Bradshaw","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae253","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has high genetic diversity and is classified into 8 genotypes and >90 subtypes, with some endemic to specific world regions. This could compromise direct-acting antiviral efficacy and global HCV elimination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We characterized HCV subtypes \"rare\" in the United Kingdom (non-1a/1b/2b/3a/4d) by means of whole-genome sequencing via a national surveillance program. Genetic analyses to determine the genotype of samples with unresolved genotypes were undertaken by comparison with International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses HCV reference sequences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two HCV variants were characterized as being closely related to the recently identified genotype (GT) 8, with >85% pairwise genetic distance similarity to GT8 sequences and within the typical intersubtype genetic distance range. The individuals infected by the variants were UK residents originally from Pakistan and India. In contrast, a third variant was only confidently identified to be more similar to GT6 compared with other genotypes across 6% of the genome and was isolated from a UK resident originally from Guyana. All 3 were cured with pangenotypic direct-acting antivirals (sofosbuvir-velpatasvir or glecaprevir-pibrentasvir) despite the presence of resistance polymorphisms in NS3 (80K/168E), NS5A (28V/30S/62L/92S/93S) and NS5B (159F).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study expands our knowledge of HCV diversity by identifying 2 new GT8 subtypes and potentially a new genotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e1254-e1262"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140892751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B Virus DNA and RNA Persist in Liver After Serologic Recovery in Persons With Hepatitis C Virus.","authors":"Tanner Grudda, David L Thomas, Gregory D Kirk, Shruti H Mehta, Jacquie Astemborski, Georg M Lauer, Ashwin Balagopal, Chloe L Thio","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae248","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After recovery from a hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, reactivation can occur with immunosuppression; thus, it is assumed that replication competent HBV persists in the liver. We sought to detect persistent HBV from 13 people with spontaneous recovery. We quantified HBV DNA and RNA in core liver biopsy specimens (median, 1.72 × 106 cells) from persons who inject drugs. Of 13 biopsy specimens, 8 (61%) had evidence of HBV DNA or RNA and 5 (38%) had both HBV DNA and RNA. Messenger RNAs were derived from covalently closed circular DNA and integrated HBV DNA. Here, we show prevalent HBV DNA and RNA despite clinical recovery in persons who inject drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1352-1356"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141082631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Immunoglobulin G Antibodies to Human Papillomavirus Type 6 L1, E2, E4, E6, and E7 Proteins Among Children Prospectively Followed up for 3 Years.","authors":"Helmi Suominen, Kari Syrjänen, Tim Waterboer, Seija Grénman, Stina Syrjänen, Karolina Louvanto","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae293","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current knowledge implicates that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection can be acquired at an early age. However, the role of HPV-specific passive immunization from mother to neonate is nearly unexplored, especially against the HPV early proteins. We analyzed immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against HPV-6 early (E2, E4, E6, E7) and late (L1) proteins in children prospectively followed up for 3 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 272 children and their mothers from the Finnish Family HPV Study were included in these analyses. Serum samples were obtained from pregnant mothers at their third trimester and from newborn/infants at 1-, 2-, 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-month visits after birth. Antibodies were analyzed by multiplex serology based on glutathione S-transferase fusion protein capture to fluorescent beads.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Maternal antibodies to all tested HPV-6 proteins were transferred to neonates, concordance between maternal and neonates' antibody levels being highly significant (P < .001). Seropositivity of HPV-6 L1 in the neonates declined during the first 6 months of life, whereas changes in the E protein antibodies were less obvious. After the maternal antibodies had vanished, seroconversion to HPV-6 L1 at 12 months (median) and to the HPV-6 E proteins between 23 and 35 months was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IgG antibodies against HPV-6 E and L proteins are transferred from mothers to their children. Seroconversion against HPV-6 L1, E2, E4, E6, and E7 does occur in early childhood, as a sign of acquired HPV-6 infection by vertical or horizontal transmission starting at 12 months of age.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e1207-e1213"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141184907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}