Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Human Infection With IsrRAPXV: A Novel Zoonotic Bat-Derived Poxvirus.","authors":"Yael Paran, Dan David, Nir Rudoler, Merav Ingbir, Nardeen Khoury, Ora Halutz, Ronen Ben-Ami, Asaf Berkowitz, Asaf Sol","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae427","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bats are recognized as the natural reservoir of several zoonotic viruses that pose a threat to public health worldwide. In our recent reports, we describe the identification of a novel poxvirus, IsrRAPXV, in Egyptian fruit bats. This poxvirus is associated with high morbidity and mortality in bats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Herein, we describe the identification of a poxvirus in a female patient hospitalized with systemic symptoms and severe painful skin lesions on her hands. We performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction, whole genome sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis to identify and characterize this poxvirus as the etiologic agent.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patient interacted with wounded and sick bats as a volunteer in a bat shelter run by an Israel bat sanctuary organization. Samples collected from the patient's skin lesions were positive for the presence of IsrRAPXV by polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, phylogenetic analysis showed that this virus is identical to IsrRAPXV, originally described by us as the causative agent of skin lesions in fruit bats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our finding suggest that IsrRAPXV is zoonotic; therefore, veterinarians and volunteers working in bat shelters should meticulously follow the guidelines of working with bats and use required personal protective equipment.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"495-500"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α on Host Immune Metabolism and Tissue Damage During Mycobacterium bovis Infection.","authors":"Yue Nan, Yuanzhi Wang, Yuhui Dong, Yiduo Liu, Xin Ge, Yulan Chen, Meizhen Long, Xiangmei Zhou","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae305","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a pivotal regulator of metabolic and inflammatory responses. This study investigated the role of HIF-1α in Mycobacterium bovis infection and its effects on host immune metabolism and tissue damage. We evaluated the expression of immunometabolism markers and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in cells infected with M. bovis, and following HIF-1α inhibition in vitro. To understand the implications of HIF-1α inhibition on disease progression, mice at different infection stages were treated with the HIF-1α inhibitor, YC-1. Our results revealed an upregulation of HIF-1α in macrophages after M. bovis infection, facilitating enhanced M1 macrophage polarization. Blockade of HIF-1α moderated these responses but escalated MMP activity, hindering bacterial control. Consistent with our in vitro results, early-stage treatment of mice with YC-1 aggravated pathological alterations and tissue damage, while late-stage HIF-1α inhibition proved beneficial in managing the disease. Our findings underscored the nuanced role of HIF-1α across different phases of M. bovis infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"355-365"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141285189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USP25 Promotes the Antimycobacterial Response of Macrophages Through Stabilizing B-Raf and C-Raf.","authors":"Yuling Fu, Xiaodan Yang, Qiao Ling, Yulan Huang, Xiaolong You, Dingnai Nie, Junli Sheng, Yitian Chen, Qian Wen, Xinying Zhou, Chaoying Zhou, Shengfeng Hu, Li Ma","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae352","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 25 (USP25) is one of the best-characterized deubiquitinating enzymes and plays a vital regulatory role in various biological processes, especially in cancer development and immune regulation. However, the exact role of USP25 and its underlying mechanisms in macrophage activation and immunogenicity during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection remain unclear. In this study, we found that M tuberculosis infection induced USP25 expression in human and mouse macrophages. In particular, USP25 expression is elevated in multiple cell types, especially monocytes, in patients with tuberculosis. Additionally, USP25 deficiency in macrophages and mice resulted in compromised immunity against M tuberculosis infection, accompanied by reduced expressions of various proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Mechanistically, USP25 in macrophages promoted the activation of the ERK signaling pathway through deubiquitination and stabilization of B-Raf and C-Raf. These findings collectively suggest the critical roles of USP25 in M tuberculosis infection and its potential as a therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"366-377"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Bladder Catheterization On Bacterial Interference With Asymptomatic Escherichia coli Strain 83972 in an Experimental Porcine Model of Urinary Tract Infection.","authors":"Kristian Stærk, Karin Andersen, Janni Søvsø Hjelmager, Louise Kruse Jensen, Benjamin Meyer Jørgensen, Jakob Møller-Jensen, Lars Lund, Thomas Emil Andersen","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae404","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common disease with a significant risk of relapse. Deliberate bladder colonization with asymptomatic Escherichia coli is being explored as a potential strategy to fend off invading uropathogens, thereby mitigating the risk of symptomatic UTI. Currently, one major obstacle is the low success rates for achieving persistent bladder colonization with asymptomatic bacteria and experimental challenge studies are lacking. Here, we assessed the influence of an indwelling bladder catheter on the ability of asymptomatic E. coli to colonize the bladder and to assess the protective efficacy of such colonization against experimental UTI with uropathogenic E. coli.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pigs with or without indwelling bladder catheters were experimentally inoculated with the asymptomatic E. coli strain 83972 and subsequently challenged by inoculation with a uropathogenic E. coli isolate, UTI89. The animals were monitored with regular urine and blood samples and bladders and kidneys were harvested at termination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All pigs with indwelling catheters were colonized by E. coli 83972 in response to inoculation, compared to pigs without catheters in which only 1 of 8 animals were colonized. When removing the catheter, E. coli 83972 were spontaneously cleared. Colonization with E. coli 83972 prevented experimental infection in 50% of animals, whereas all control animals became infected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The presence of indwelling bladder catheters strongly facilitates the colonization of E. coli 83972, indicating that individuals with catheters may be particularly suited for receiving this treatment. The research supports prophylactic colonization with E. coli 83972 as a potential strategy to reduce the risk of UTIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e355-e363"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Potential Platform for Future Vaccine Trials Identifies a High Incidence of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Influenza Infection Among Children Aged 6 to 23 Months in South Africa.","authors":"Cheryl Cohen, Mignon du Plessis, Neil Martinson, Jocelyn Moyes, Sibongile Walaza, Nicole Wolter, Mvuyo Makhasi, Fahima Moosa, Myrna Charles, Aaron M Samuels, Stefano Tempia, Tumelo Moloantoa, Bekiwe Ncwana, Louisa Phalatse, Amelia Buys, Alicia Fry, Eduardo Azziz Baumgartner, Anne von Gottberg, Jackie Kleynhans","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae550","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Approaches for determining whether influenza vaccination prevents infection, attenuates illness, or both are important for developing improved vaccines. We estimated influenza infection incidence and evaluated symptom ascertainment methodologies in children to inform future vaccine trial design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective cohort study among children aged 6 to 23 months from May to October 2022. Study nurses collected symptom and temperature data and midturbinate nasal swabs twice weekly irrespective of symptoms; caregivers entered symptom data daily and collected nasal swabs weekly. Samples were tested for influenza with polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 230 healthy screened children, 93 were enrolled, of whom 87 (94%) completed 6-month follow-up. In total, 95% (4245/4476) of scheduled nurses, 90% (2045/2276) of caregiver swabs, 99% (92/93) of baseline blood collections, and 67% (9245/13 768) of scheduled symptom diaries were completed. Polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza incidence was 65% (60/93) for ≥1 infection; 11 (18%) individuals had 2 episodes and 1 (2%) had 3. Of 73 episodes, 55 (75%) had ≥1 symptom and 37 (51%) had fever (measured and/or reported). Median infection duration was 7 days (IQR, 4-9). Human RNase P gene was detected in 99% (2032/2045) of caregiver-collected swabs, through which 5 additional episodes were identified. Per episode, caregivers' diaries of reported and measured fever were 19% (25/73, 34%) and 11% (15/73, 21%) higher than nurse-reported (11/73, 15%) and nurse-measured (7/73, 10%) fever, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The incidence of influenza infection was high and mainly symptomatic, suggesting that this platform could be suitable for future trials of vaccine efficacy and correlates of protection against infection and illness in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e328-e336"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11841623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142631750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Cellular Aging on Liver Stiffness in HCV Patients Achieving Sustained Viral Response.","authors":"Alejandro Gonzalez-Serna, Anaïs Corma-Gomez, Mercedes Cano, Rubio-Sánchez Ricardo, Carmen Martín-Sierra, Pilar Rincón, Jesica Martín-Carmona, Margarita Pérez, Juan Antonio Pineda, Luis Miguel Real, Juan Macias","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver stiffness (LS) is not reduced in 10-30% of patients who achieve sustained viral response (SVR) after HCV elimination with direct-acting antivirals (DAA). Our aim was to analyze whether the parameters associated with cellular aging measured at the DAA initiation date are related to LS reduction upon achieving SVR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective cohort study (GEHEP-011; clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT04460157). We measured several parameters associated with cellular aging, such as telomere attrition, mitochondrial alterations, and soluble biomarkers associated with Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) at the DAA initiation date, and examined their associations with a significant (≥20%) LS decrease at the SVR time point.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 175 individuals were included in this study. In 101 (57.7%) patients, the LS reduction was ≥20% at SVR. In the multivariate analysis adjusted for sex, age, CXCL10, hsPCR, and CCL11 levels, greater relative telomere length (RTL) emerged as the sole variable independently associated with a significant LS decrease in SVR (95% CI, 1.102 (1.001-1.1214), p=0.047). Furthermore, changes in LS, including significant decreases and decreases of <20% or increases, were congruently associated with RTL (p=0.011).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Greater RTL was independently associated with a significant LS reduction in SVR. Thus, increased cellular aging may be responsible for the absence of liver regeneration after HCV eradication. Further studies are required to assess the long-term effects of cellular aging after SVR.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct Cytokine Patterns Identify Acute and Convalescent Myocardial Involvement After Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicohort Biomarker Study.","authors":"David A Zidar, Grace A McComsey, Donald D Anthony, John McDaniel, Timothy A Chan, Sadeer G Al-Kindi","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We sought to identify the immunobiologic underpinnings of cardiac involvement as a postacute sequela of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by comparing acute and convalescent populations. For the latter, an integrated analysis of cytokine levels, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and cardiopulmonary exercise capacity was performed. Unlike acute cardiac injury, which was associated with heightened tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) but not interleukin 18 (IL-18), convalescent myocardial inflammation/edema correlated with IL-18 but not TNF-α. Thus, inflammation is not a monolith in relation to cardiac involvement in the setting of COVID-19. Instead, convalescent cardiac involvement may emerge from mechanisms distinct from acute injury, and appropriately targeted therapies may prevent postacute sequalae of COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel semi-nested PCR assay with high sensitivity and robust specificity enables simultaneous detection of human and animal bocaviruses.","authors":"Chutchai Piewbang, Aisyah Nikmatuz Zahro, Panida Poonsin, Jiratchaya Puenpa, Cherdpong Phupolphan, Nathamon Kosoltanapiwat, Thongchai Ngamprasertwong, Julien Claude, Porntippa Lekchareonsuk, Yong Poovorawan, Somporn Techangamsuwan","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bocaviruses (BoVs), belonging to the Parvoviridae family, pose significant challenges in detection due to their genetic diversity and cross-species transmission capabilities. Efficient and broad-spectrum detection methods are essential for understanding BoV epidemiology and addressing potential zoonotic risks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a semi-nested PCR assay for simultaneous detection of diverse BoV species across human and animal hosts. Primers were designed by analyzing 765 BoV genome sequences, targeting conserved regions spanning the NP1 to VP2 genes. Sensitivity was determined through analytical tests, and specificity was evaluated against 39 non-BoV viruses. Validation was performed using spiked biological samples, and the method was applied to 552 clinical samples from 542 hosts, encompassing a broad range of mammalian species.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The assay demonstrated high sensitivity, detecting BoVs at concentrations as low as 0.2 copies/µL. Specificity tests confirmed no cross-reactivity with other viral families. Validation using 37 strains representing 29 BoV species affirmed its broad efficacy. BoVs were identified across diverse hosts, including humans, bats, canines, porcines, rodents, and felines. Additionally, novel host associations were observed, such as Panthera uncia bocaparvovirus (PuBoV) in a tiger and serval cat, canine bocavirus 2 (CBoV-2) in raccoon dogs, and feline bocaviruses (FBoV) in murid rodents. Human bocaviruses were also detected in monkey samples, indicating potential pathogen spillover.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This semi-nested PCR method provides a sensitive and specific tool for BoV detection, enhancing surveillance in human and animal populations. It is instrumental in monitoring zoonotic risks and emerging infectious threats, offering critical insights into BoV epidemiology and cross-species transmission dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Clinical and Microbial Determinants of Upper Respiratory Colonization With Streptococcus pneumoniae and Native Microbiota in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Control Adults.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"G6PD deficiency is associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury independent of hemolytic complications in children with severe malaria.","authors":"Ruth Namazzi, Caroline Kazinga, Giselle Lima-Cooper, Claire Liepmann, Michael J Goings, Olivia Bednarski, Marco Abreu, Tae-Hwi Schwantes-An, Anthony Batte, Robert O Opoka, Chandy C John, Andrea L Conroy","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common and predicts mortality in severe malaria. Studies have reported an increased incidence of AKI in males with hemolytic features of SM. G6PD deficiency, an X-linked enzymopathy, can induce hemolysis. We evaluated whether the G6PD African allele (A-) was associated with AKI in children with severe malaria. The prevalence of G6PD deficiency was 16.7% among hemizygous males and 2.4% in females. G6PD deficiency was associated with 2.56-fold odds of AKI (95% CI, 1.33 to 4.93, p=0.005), adjusting for age, sex, site, nutritional status, and features of hemolysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}