Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Clinical phenotypes and outcomes associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in critically ill patients: a retrospective multicentre cohort study in Great Paris area hospitals, 2017-2023.","authors":"Antoine Gaillet, Richard Layese, Slim Fourati, Héloise Celante, Tài Pham, Sarah Benghanem, Armand Mekontso Dessap, Etienne de Montmollin, Jeoffrey Pirault, Antoine Vieillard-Baron, Eric Maury, Yves Cohen, Maxens Decavèle, Muriel Fartoukh, Nicholas Heming, Charles Damoisel, Nadia Oubaya, Nicolas de Prost","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the deadliest respiratory viruses. There is a need to better identify prognostic factors in RSV-infected patients, particularly those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission, with a focus on immunosuppressed patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multicenter, retrospective cohort study of RSV-infected adults hospitalized in 17 ICUs in the Great Paris area between 08/01/2017 and 05/01/2023. The primary endpoint was all cause day 30 mortality. Supervised and unsupervised analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 474 patients with RSV infection were admitted. Patients were predominantly male (56%), were 65±17-years old, had frequent cardiovascular and respiratory comorbidities and 34% were immunosuppressed. Day 30 mortality was 14%. Besides age >65 years and acute respiratory failure, immunosuppression was associated with day 30 mortality in multivariable logistic regression analysis (adjusted odds ratio=2.10 95% confidence interval [1.14;3.80]; p=0.035). Unsupervised cluster analysis identified three groups of patients: one cluster (17%) included only immunosuppressed patients and had the highest day 30 mortality rate (21%); the second cluster (43%) included older patients (median age 71 years) with a high prevalence of cardiovascular and respiratory comorbidities and an intermediate mortality rate (14%); the last cluster (37%) included younger patients (median age 57 years) with the lowest mortality rate (9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>One third of patients admitted to the ICU with RSV infection were immunosuppressed. Both supervised and unsupervised methods identified immunosuppression as being associated with day 30 mortality. The effect of anti-RSV therapies aimed at preventing ICU admission should be evaluated in this subgroup of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 infection of human lung ALI cultures reveals basal cells as relevant targets.","authors":"Morris Baumgardt, Benedikt Obermayer, Anita Balázs, Anna Löwa, Emanuel Wyler, Luiz Gustavo Teixeira Alves, Katharina Hellwig, Dieter Beule, Markus Landthaler, Marcel A Müller, Christian Drosten, Marcus A Mall, Stefan Hippenstiel, Katja Hönzke, Andreas C Hocke","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily targets ciliated cells during the initial infection of the upper respiratory tract. Since uncertainties persist regarding other involved epithelial cell types, we here utilized viral replication analysis, single-cell RNA sequencing, and spectral microscopy on infected air-liquid interface cultures of human primary nasal and bronchial epithelial cells to discern cell type proportions in relation to SARS-CoV-2 tropism and immune activation. We revealed that, next to ciliated and secretory cells, SARS-CoV-2 (wild type and lineage B1.1.7 [Alpha variant]) strongly infects basal cells, significantly contributing to the epithelial immune response in a donor-specific manner. Moreover, local Camostat mesylate treatment was effective on both the basal and apical cell compartment, resulting in a notable reduction in viral load and reduced immune activation. Collectively, our data emphasize the critical role of basal cells in facilitating SARS-CoV-2 dissemination within the upper respiratory tract and their substantial contribution to the epithelial immune response. Furthermore, our results highlight the potential of local application of Camostat mesylate as an effective strategy for inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection and mitigating associated immune activation early on.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic Preparedness: Analyzing National Plans for Respiratory Pathogen Pandemics in the Americas Region.","authors":"Andrea Patricia Villalobos Rodríguez, Iyanna Wellington Perkins, Shoa Moosavi, Ana de la Garza, Ángel Rodríguez, Britney McMurren, Juliana Almeida Leite, Jairo Méndez-Rico, Lidia Redondo-Bravo, Miriam Esther Blanco Reyes, Olaya Astudillo, Paula Couto, Priscila S Born, Sarah Hess, Shoshanna Goldin, Hannah Lewis, Tamara Mancero, Andrea S Vicari, Marc Rondy","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf047","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To identify gaps and define priority actions to strengthen national pandemic preparedness and response plans, we assessed the concordance between national plans for respiratory pathogens against the World Health Organization (WHO) pandemic checklist and the States Parties Annual Report (SPAR) in the Americas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective, semiquantitative study, we reviewed the most recent respiratory pandemic plans for 35 Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) member states and assessed their concordance with (1) actionable guidelines in WHO pandemic checklist and (2) International Health Regulations (IHR) (2005) core capacities using the latest SPAR tool. We developed 25 tracking questions to identify gaps, strengths, and opportunities for improvement using a 5-point scale. We compared the average SPAR score and the Pandemic Plans score to assess areas of convergence and variance between preparedness and capacities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed 35 respiratory pandemic plans (2005-2024): 29 were influenza specific, 5 were COVID-19 specific, and 1 was not pathogen specific. Most national plans showed limited alignment with the content recommended in the pandemic checklist. The lowest concordance between plans and checklist was in public health and social measures (80% of plans with score of 1); emergency, logistics and supply chain management (74%); and research and development (71%). Conversely, the strongest subcomponents were policy, legal, and normative instruments (45% of plans with score 4 or 5); coordination (46%); and surveillance: early detection and assessment (43%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is recommended that countries build on the strengths of their national pandemic preparedness and response plans and update them using PRET module 1. This will support countries advance the capacities required by the IHR.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"S90-S99"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"10 Years of Severe Acute Respiratory Infections Network (SARInet plus): Accomplishments and Way Forward.","authors":"Marc Rondy, Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner, Rebecca Kondor, Rakhee S Palekar, Wenqing Zhang, Andrea S Vicari","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf039","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"S87-S89"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11891999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening the Surveillance and Response to Public Health Events With a One Health Approach: A Perspective From 12 Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean.","authors":"Ángel Rodríguez, Paula Couto, Alejandra Acevedo, Belsy Acosta Herrera, Olaya Astudillo, Martín Avaro, Gisela Barrera Badillo, Alfredo Bruno, Patricia Bustos, Mauricio Cerpa, Hector Chiparelli, Dulce Duron, Rodrigo Fasce, Axel Galo, Elías Guilarte, Irma López Martínez, Mariela G Martínez, Jairo Méndez-Rico, María Fernanda Olivares Barraza, Elena Penayo, María Paz Rojas Mena, Paula Rodríguez Ferrari, Marc Rondy, Viviana Sotomayor Proschle, Priscila S Born, Lidia Redondo-Bravo, Juliana Almeida Leite, Natalia Vergara Mallegas, Marta von Horoch, Andrea Patricia Villalobos Rodríguez, Andrea S Vicari","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae629","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Surveillance Network for Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses (SARInet) has played a crucial role in improving the capacity of Latin American countries to monitor and respond to events with potential public health impact. This perspective compiles and analyzes case studies from several countries in the Americas to illustrate the challenges faced prior to the creation of SARInet, the interventions implemented, and the impacts achieved.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This study is based on a series of cases from 12 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. The data have been compiled from reports, ad-hoc assessments and technical group analyses conducted before and after the implementation of SARInet in 2014.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the past decade, SARInet has been instrumental in strengthening the capacity for early detection and response to public health events in several Latin American countries. Technical cooperation in epidemiological and laboratory surveillance, personnel training, intersectoral coordination and the adoption of advanced technologies have improved the countries' capacity for timely detection and management of epidemic and pandemic outbreaks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The experience of the countries shows that regional collaboration and the strengthening of local capacities are essential to face future public health challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"S108-S113"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Epidemics to Pandemics: Over a Decade of Strengthening SARInet Laboratory Surveillance and Response for Respiratory Viruses in the Americas.","authors":"Juliana Almeida Leite, Priscila S Born, Ángel Rodríguez, Paula Couto, Mauricio Cerpa, Jean-Marc Gabastou, Lionel Gresh, Leticia Franco, Mariela G Martínez, Madelaine Sugasti, Jorge H Jara, Lidia Rodondo-Bravo, Iyanna Wellington Perkins, Andrea Patricia Villalobos Rodríguez, Rosa Ramirez, Ximena Terrazas, Juliana Barbosa, Marc Rondy, Andrea S Vicari, Sylvain Aldighieri, Richard Webby, Wenqing Zhang, Dimitry Pereyaslov, Magdi Samaan, Jairo Méndez-Rico","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf046","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"S100-S107"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved detection of extrapulmonary and paucibacillary pulmonary tuberculosis by Xpert MTB Host Response in a TB low endemic, high resource setting.","authors":"E Folkesson, G Fröberg, C Sundling, T Schön, E Södersten, J Bruchfeld","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Xpert MTB-Host Response (MTB-HR) has reached WHO test targets for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) with high bacillary loads. Our aim was to investigate the contribution of MTB-HR as a non-sputum, near point-of-care (POC) method for diagnosis of other prioritized groups, where MTB detection is more complicated, such as extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) and paucibacillary PTB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Individuals with presumed TB disease were prospectively included in Stockholm, Sweden (n=307) and underwent MTB-HR venous and capillary testing in parallel. Clinical characterization was based on symptoms, microbiological results (microscopy, PCR and culture), radiological assessment and a panel of routine biochemical tests. ROC-analysis was performed in PTB and EPTB calculating cut-offs for maximized sensitivity and specificity including WHO targets for screening and diagnostic tests.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>MTB-HR performed equally well in individuals with microbiologically confirmed PTB (AUC 0.84; 95% CI: 0.78-0.90, n=69) and EPTB (AUC 0.82 (95% CI: 0.75-0.90, n=34). Based on Youden index cut-offs the NPV was high both in microscopy- and PCR-negative PTB (-1.27, NPV 94%) and in EPTB (-1.58, NPV 95%) and fulfilled the minimum TPP sensitivity requirement for confirmed EPTB. In individuals without TB (n=204), the majority had pulmonary infectious diseases. There was a close to perfect correlation between venous and capillary samples (r= 0.97, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Capillary Xpert MTB-HR improves detection of sputum PCR-negative, culture-verified PTB and is promising as a rule-out test in EPTB. There was a strong correlation between MTB-HR score and bacterial burden. We suggest a graded MTB-HR score as more clinically relevant than a binary test result.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of occult STLV-1 infection in Japanese macaques.","authors":"Maureen Kidiga, Megumi Murata, Poonam Grover, Hirotaka Ode, Yasumasa Iwatani, Yohei Seki, Madoka Kuramitsu, Mayumi Morimoto, Takayoshi Natsume, Akihisa Kaneko, Sakura Hayashi, Jun-Ichirou Yasunaga, Masao Matsuoka, Takuo Mizukami, Hirofumi Akari","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primate T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (PTLV-1) is classified into a genus Deltaretrovirus that persists in infected primates and can lead to adult T cell leukemia and inflammatory diseases. Unlike hepatitis viruses, it remains unclear whether PTLV-1 could cause occult infection, a rare latent infection status characterized by detectable provirus without accompanying antibody responses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A longitudinal study was conducted to characterize mother-to-child transmission of simian T cell leukemia virus type 1 (STLV-1) in Japanese monkeys (JMs). Stored blood samples obtained from STLV-1-infected JM mothers and their offspring were analyzed for proviral loads, antiviral antibody titers, proviral DNA sequencing, transcriptional capability, and clonality of the infected cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One JM infant was found to be positive for proviral DNA without detectable anti-STLV-1 antibodies. The seronegative infection persisted for at least five years, despite positive antibody responses to other viruses that are widespread in JMs. Further analyses of the infant's blood demonstrated that (i) the provirus had no defective mutations, (ii) tax mRNA expression could be induced by in vitro culture, and (iii) substantial numbers of heterogeneous clones of STLV-1-infected cells were undergoing sequential turnover. In an additional retrospective study of a large JMs cohort, three out of 36 offspring of STLV-1-infected mothers were found to be persistently infected with STLV-1 without seroconversion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that maternal STLV-1 transmission can occasionally persist for years without seroconversion. This represents the first discovery of occult infection in the genus Deltaretrovirus.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strong Herd Effects of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination.","authors":"Harrell W Chesson, Lauri E Markowitz","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Fernandes.","authors":"Peter P M Harteloh, Rob van Mechelen","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiae459","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}