Journal of Motor Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Solving Raven's Matrices While Walking on a Treadmill: Insights into Cognitive-Motor Interference Patterns in Dual-Task.","authors":"Frédéric Dierick, Fabien Buisseret, Thomas Hoho, Alexandre Fiévet, Adele Mae Luta","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2566195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2566195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates cognitive-motor interference by combining Raven's Progressive Matrices Test (RPMT) with treadmill walking. Two groups of healthy adults-20 young adults (born after 1995) familiar with treadmill walking and 18 older adults (born before 1980) without treadmill experience-completed both single-task and dual-task conditions. Cognitive performance (RPMT score) and gait metrics (stride interval variability and sample entropy) were recorded. Results revealed diverse interference patterns, with a predominance of gait-prioritization strategies under dual-task conditions. Significant differences between groups were found: younger adults showed greater cognitive performance decline, while older adults increased stride interval under dual-task conditions. A negative correlation between gait variability and complexity suggested adaptive motor strategies in some participants. This dual-task paradigm offers a standardized framework to explore both individual and group variability in multitasking performance. These insights may inform the design of safer environments and interventions targeting populations with different cognitive-motor profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social and Emotional Effect on Human Behavior.","authors":"Maha Mnif, Soufien Chikh, Eric Watelain, Mohamed Jarraya","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2550375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2550375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human behavior is influenced by the social context and depends on emotional state. This study focuses on the effect of the presence of others and group in interaction with the emotional impact on motor, cognitive and affective performance. Seventy-four subjects participated in the study. Each participant performed a dart shooting action in three conditions: the individual, presence of others, and group presence. Motion kinematics were detected using Adope Premier software and affective states were recorded using a Deep-learning facial expression recognition model. Performance analysis revealed that subjects performed the task with a shorter reaction time and movement duration during the others' presence condition as well as the group presence condition compared to the single case. The results thus demonstrate the effect of emotions on movement kinematics and emotional correspondence and stability. This improvement can be attributed to the social facilitation related to the audience effect and motivational factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timed Up-and-Go Test with an Obstacle: Evaluating Anticipatory Locomotor Adjustments in Older Adults.","authors":"Juntaro Sakazaki, Takahito Nakamura, Kentaro Kodama, Takahiro Higuchi","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2559971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2559971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test, a clinical assessment tool of functional mobility and balance scale for fall risk, is potentially helpful for evaluating anticipatory locomotor adjustments (ALA). This study aimed to simplify ALA evaluation in older adults using the TUG test. Thirty-eight older adults (mean ± <i>SD</i>: 74.97 ± 6.42 years) and 24 younger adults (25.16 ± 4.82 years) participated. Two identical poles replaced the cone-shaped object, creating the \"obstacle TUG (Obs-TUG) test.\" Participants chose between passing between the poles or detouring around them. We examined the quality of ALA in terms of their route selection. Results showed that older adults selected a detour more frequently than younger adults, even if the opening between the two poles was so wide that passing through the opening required less time than taking a detour. Older adults were characterized by shorter step lengths and narrower step widths while turning, indicating prioritization of stability over efficiency. The Obs-TUG test effectively describes ALA characteristics in older adults through consistent behavioral choices in route selection and walking patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Motor Competence and Response Time in Portuguese Youth.","authors":"Fábio Flôres, Ricardo Drews, Vanessa Santos, Ana Reyes, Nuno Casanova, Priscila Cardozo","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2563878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2563878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the association between motor competence (MC) and response time (RT) in schoolchildren. 251 participants (mean age 14.58 ± 3.07 years) completed assessments over two sessions using standardized procedures. MC was evaluated through the Motor Competence Assessment, which includes stability, locomotor, and manipulative skills, while RT was measured using a structured reaction task. Pearson correlations and multiple linear regression analyses examined the relationships between variables. Moderate correlation (r = -0.35, <i>p</i> < .001), with stability and manipulative skills as significant predictors of RT were found. The model accounted for 24.4% of RT variance, highlighting MC's role in neuromuscular coordination and cognitive processing. These findings emphasize the importance of MC in more efficient responses during youth, with potential applications for physical education and sports.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neck Angle in the Handstand Changes the Pattern of Multi-Joint Variability.","authors":"Roman Farana, Pavel Brtva, Gareth Irwin, Karl M Newell","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2558711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2558711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effects of neck angle on center of mass (CM) stability and joint angle variability in the handstand. Seven experienced female gymnasts performed handstands in extended, neutral, and flexed neck angles. Kinematic data were collected using a 3D motion capture system, and variability was assessed for wrist, elbow, shoulder, hip, and neck angles and, CM position. The findings showed that the extended neck angle posture exhibited the lowest CM variability, aligning with its prevalent use in practice and competition. Regression analyses revealed that joint angle variability was significantly corelated to CM motion, with the typical extended neck angle related to shoulder, wrist, and neck angle variability contributions (33%, 23%, and 21%, respectively). In contrast, the neutral neck angle was moderately corelated to hip variability (32%), while the flexed neck angle showed a dominant reliance on neck angle variability (63%). The results show the strong role of neck angle in the postural variability of the handstand that is mediated by joint angle variability, visual information and tonic reflex support.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue-Induced Postural Instability During Dual-Tasks in Women with MS: Influence of Muscle Strength.","authors":"Zahra Golzari, Farhad Ghadiri, Moslem Bahmani, Younes Mosadegh, Rasoul Yaali","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2536831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2536831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a lack of research on the effects of fatigue and dual-task motor performance in people with Multiple sclerosis (MS), especially in women. Using a group of 20 women with MS and 20 healthy controls, we examined the effects of fatigue and attentional demands on center of pressure (COP) displacements during upright stance. Anterior-posterior (AP), Media-lateral (ML), and total COP displacements, and also ankle plantar flexors' strength were measured. Results indicated that fatigue and dual-task resulted in higher ML COP displacements in both groups, but unlike controls, MS patients had higher ML displacements during the dual-task compared to single-task trials. Additionally, while fatigue resulted in an increased single-task AP and total COP displacements in both groups, it yielded higher dual-task AP and total COP displacements only in MS patients. Moreover, MS patients had weaker ankle plantar flexors compared to healthy controls, but the plantar flexors-mainly soleus-maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was only associated with fatigued single-task balance performance in MS patients. Our study confirmed the adverse effects of fatigue and dual-task on balance performance, especially in MS patients. Further research is required on whether the modulation of balance performance of ankle plantar flexors' MVC depends on fatigue and attentional task demands.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Context Versus Aiming Under Uncertainty When Both Feedforward and Feedback Control Are Engaged.","authors":"Matthew J Crossley, Christopher L Hewitson, David M Kaplan","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2546692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2546692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Theories of human motor learning commonly assume that movement plans are adjusted in response to the sensory feedback received about their success or failure. The degree to which movement errors drive changes in feedforward motor plans is further assumed to scale inversely with sensory uncertainty. However, support for these assumptions comes primarily from experiments that limit feedback corrections during an ongoing movement. In contrast, we have recently shown that when this restriction is relaxed, a different pattern of behavior emerges. Participants gradually adjust their reaching movements in response to a perturbation from trial-to-trial, following a consistent and incremental envelope of error reduction. Riding on top of this gradual learning envelope, participants also exhibit large and abrupt changes in their initial reach direction that are strongly correlated with the uncertainty level of the sensory feedback experienced on the previous trial, but are insensitive to the size and direction of the movement error made on that trial. A class of models in which sensory uncertainty influences an aiming process best accounted for this pattern. Here, we examine the possibility that uncertainty acts as a contextual cue to shunt motor processes to one of many context-specific internal models.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Activity During Electrical Stimulation of Visual-Motor Illusion with Enhanced Joint Motion Intensity.","authors":"Junpei Tanabe, Kazu Amimoto, Katsuya Sakai","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2554665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2554665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Visual-motor illusion (VMI) is a kinesthetic illusion produced by viewing an image showing joint motion. VMI with enhanced joint movement intensity (power-VMI; P-VMI) is expected to activate a wide range of motor association brain regions, and when combined with electrical stimulation that activates the motor sensory cortex, further activation of brain activity can be expected. This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of VMI using functional near-infrared spectroscopy to confirm brain activity during combined P-VMI and electrical stimulation. Brain activity was measured in 15 healthy adults during three tasks performed on the left ankle joint: P-VMI with electrical stimulation, P-VMI alone, and electrical stimulation alone. The tasks were performed randomly on a single participant. Brain activity was measured during each task using a protocol comprising 15 s of rest, 30 s of task performance, and 30 s of follow-up. Regions of interest included motor-related areas. The results showed that P-VMI alone activated the right superior parietal lobule and left supramarginal gyrus more than P-VMI combined with electrical stimulation. These findings suggest that P-VMI and sensory-threshold electrical stimulation do not necessarily complement each other in enhancing brain activity, as P-VMI alone shows greater activation in specific motor-related brain regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limited Interaction Between Vision and Proprioception on Centre of Pressure, Pelvis and Head Positions During Ankle or Neck Vibration in Walking: An Experimental Study.","authors":"Karim Jamal, Noémie C Duclos, Chloé Rousseau, Youssef El Khamlichi, Cyril Duclos","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2547727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2547727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>By stimulating proprioceptive receptors, muscle vibration helps understand the crucial role of proprioception in gait control. From the literature, variability in responses during the stance phase across studies may be due to protocol differences, such as lighting conditions that affect visual information. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between vision and proprioceptive information from ankle and neck muscles over the gait cycle during treadmill walking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five healthy participants (aged 30 ± 5 years) walked on an instrumented treadmill under three visual conditions (eyes open, dim light and eyes closed) and three vibration conditions (no vibration, neck muscles and ankle plantar flexor muscles) in a randomised order. The centre of pressure (COP), pelvis and head positions were measured and analysed across three gait cycle phases (heel contact, midstance and toe-off). A mixed-effects model on ranks was used for analysis, with post-hoc Tukey corrections for significant interactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant interaction was found between vibration conditions, different visual conditions, and the gait cycle on the COP, pelvis and head positions (<i>p</i> > 0.42). Neck muscle vibration caused a forward shift in the COP at heel contact (<i>p</i> = 0.0006) and midstance (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and in pelvis and head positions throughout the gait cycle (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Ankle muscle vibration had no significant effects (<i>p</i> > 0.4). Eye closure led to more pronounced gait reactions compared to eyes open or dim light at heel contact and toe-off (<i>p</i> = 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study investigated the influence of vision and proprioception during walking by manipulating visual information (eyes open, dim light and eyes closed) and proprioceptive information (neck and ankle vibration). Under these specific experimental conditions, no clear interactive effects between vision and proprioception were observed. Instead, their contributions appeared at distinct moments of the stance phase: both modalities influenced gait control at heel contact, neck proprioception effects were more pronounced at midstance, and vision contributed more strongly at toe-off. These findings enhance understanding of sensory contributions during walking and support further exploration of vibration application protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evil At Hand: Effect of the Social Meaning of Objects on Motor Planning.","authors":"Josselin Baumard, Mathilde Lefevre, Benoit Montalan, Boris Vallée","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2546693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2546693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When planning reach-to-grasp movements, individuals frequently face a tradeoff between biomechanical comfort (i.e., avoiding effortful actions) and \"socio-emotional comfort\" (i.e., avoiding decisions with a negative socio-emotional outcome). But what happens when socio-emotional comfort conflicts with biomechanical comfort? This study investigated whether and under what conditions individuals may prioritize socio-emotional over biomechanical comfort during motor planning. In a series of three experiments based on the end-state comfort effect, 88 participants selected one of two mugs which varied in orientation (i.e., upright/inverted) and social meaning (i.e., socially positive, neutral, or negative symbol printed on the mug). The findings confirmed that symbolic meaning may influence motor planning. This effect was however context-dependent, i.e. stronger when participants had a social instead of a functional goal (i.e., choosing a mug to give it as a present vs. to use it). In this condition, participants prioritized socio-emotional comfort over their own biomechanical comfort. The findings suggest that individuals integrate social information (e.g., social norms) into motor plans. Furthermore, this information can sometimes bypass biomechanical constraints: when the social meaning of objects is salient (here, based on contrasts between positive and negative symbols) and context-relevant, biomechanical comfort can be sacrificed in favor of socio-emotional comfort.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}