Journal of Motor Behavior最新文献

Practice Distribution and Self-Talk Effects on Motor Memory Encoding and Consolidation in Unskilled Adolescents.

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Motor Behavior Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2025.2479535

Sajjad Heydaripour, Behrouz Abdoli, Parvaneh Shamsipour Dehkordi

{"title":"Practice Distribution and Self-Talk Effects on Motor Memory Encoding and Consolidation in Unskilled Adolescents.","authors":"Sajjad Heydaripour, Behrouz Abdoli, Parvaneh Shamsipour Dehkordi","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2479535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2479535","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of self-talk and practice distribution on motor memory encoding and consolidation in adolescent males (aged 11-14). Despite extensive research on motor memory consolidation, few studies explore how self-talk and practice distribution together impact memory retention, particularly in adolescent athletes. This study aims to address this gap by exploring the combined effects of self-talk and practice distribution on motor memory. Participants (n = 80) were randomly assigned to six groups (instructional/motivational self-talk and control in both massed and distributed practice) and subjected to short pass accuracy test, which required participants to pass a ball within specified zones for scoring.\" The study examined acquisition and retention at 30 min, 24 h, and 72 h post-training. Distributed practice groups demonstrated superior encoding during initial learning compared to massed practice groups. Groups using self-talk outperformed control groups. Moreover, those employing self-talk showed better resistance to forgetfulness during consolidation. This research highlights the complex interaction between motor memory encoding, consolidation, and practice session strategies. It underscores the significance of self-talk as a cognitive tool in enhancing performance and skill development, particularly in adolescent males. These insights have implications for improving athletes' abilities and emphasize the importance of cognitive solutions and psychological skills.","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intra and Inter Skill Changes in Preschoolers Fundamental Motor Skills.

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Motor Behavior Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2025.2475187

Jerraco L Johnson, Emily Jenkins, Katie Breault, James O Uanhoro

引用次数: 0

Effects of Attentional Focus on Dual-Task Walking Performance in Older and Young Adults.

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Motor Behavior Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2025.2472789

Alice Brochado Campolina, Nathália Laísa Rodrigues Machado, Alysson Fernandes Mazoni, Valéria Andrade, Daniela Virgínia Vaz

{"title":"Effects of Attentional Focus on Dual-Task Walking Performance in Older and Young Adults.","authors":"Alice Brochado Campolina, Nathália Laísa Rodrigues Machado, Alysson Fernandes Mazoni, Valéria Andrade, Daniela Virgínia Vaz","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2472789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2472789","url":null,"abstract":"Walking, often performed automatically, allows for concurrent tasks like carrying objects, but dual-tasks can be challenging for the older adults. As previous search supports the benefits of external focus (EF) over internal focus (IF) of attention in motor tasks, this study investigated attentional effects on dual-task walking performance in young and older adults. A total of 84 healthy participants (42 young adults, 23.02 ± 2.91 years; 42 older adults, 23.02 ± 2.91 years) were instructed to walk while carrying a filled cup without spilling. Walking speed (comfortable, fast) and attentional focus (internal, external, none) were systematically varied. Inertial sensors captured gait speed, cadence, step duration, step length, and pelvis acceleration variability, while spillage was measured in grams. A generalized linear model with bootstrap resampling (α = 0.05) examined the effects of focus, walking speed, and group. Results indicated that young adults walked faster than older adults (p < 0.001), and speed decreased from single-task to dual-task (p = 0.003) and from fast walking to comfortable walking (p < 0.001). No significant effect of attentional focus was found (p ≥ 0.056). The interaction between focus and speed was significant only for spillage (p = 0.041), showing an unimportant difference in spillage between fast walking without focus instructions (398.85 g) and with external focus instructions (399.76 g) (p = 0.030). The interaction between focus and group was not significant (p ≥ 0.531). Overall, this suggests that dual task walking may not be significantly affected by attentional focus instructions.","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Head Control and Upper-Body Coordination during Gait in Collegiate Contact and Noncontact Athletes.

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Motor Behavior Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2025.2474545

Samuel R Zeff, Douglas N Martini, Joseph Hamill, Richard van Emmerik

{"title":"Head Control and Upper-Body Coordination during Gait in Collegiate Contact and Noncontact Athletes.","authors":"Samuel R Zeff, Douglas N Martini, Joseph Hamill, Richard van Emmerik","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2474545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2474545","url":null,"abstract":"Persistent contact sport participation exposes athletes to repetitive head impacts, eliciting lingering motor performance alterations that could disrupt visual perception. We sought to compare head and trunk displacement, segmental coordination, and dynamic visual acuity between contact (ice hockey) and noncontact (baseball) athletes. Thirteen ice hockey and 11 baseball athletes walked at preferred and fast speeds during both a baseline and an imposed dynamic visual acuity (DVA) task. With increased visual task constraints and walking speeds, greater vertical head (preferred walking with visual task: 4.29 ± 0.48 vs 3.69 ± 0.71 cm, p = 0.030; fast baseline walking: 5.91 ± 0.59 vs 5.00 ± 0.97 cm, p = 0.019; fast walking with visual task: 5.72 ± 0.62 vs 4.86 ± 0.79 cm, p = 0.005) and trunk CoM displacement (fast baseline walking: 5.84 ± 0.61vs 5.00 ± 0.95 cm, p = 0.026; fast walking with visual task: 5.65 ± 0.63 vs 4.89 ± 0.78 cm, p = 0.014) were observed in contact athletes. In the transverse head-trunk coordination, contact athletes showed a decreased contribution of the head (9.85 ± 5.57 vs 19.36 ± 9.84%, p = 0.007) and increased trunk involvement (47.31 ± 21.43 vs 33.64 ± 10.79%, p = 0.030) compared to noncontact athletes, but this occurred only during fast walking with the DVA task. No DVA differences were observed (preferred speed: p = 0.650; fast speed: p = 0.820). While visual task performance was unaffected by contact sport status, the current results demonstrate changes in upper-body movement and how the head and trunk are coordinated in ice hockey athletes. Whether the observed upper-body movement and coordination changes due to repetitive head impact exposure result in decrements in visual perception and awareness in more challenging sporting environments remains unclear.","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Facilitating Cutaneous Afferent Feedback with Texture on Mechanically Induced Stretch Reflex Excitability During Gait Termination.

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Motor Behavior Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2025.2475193

Kelly A Robb, Lara A Green, Jordan D Hyde, Stephen D Perry

{"title":"Facilitating Cutaneous Afferent Feedback with Texture on Mechanically Induced Stretch Reflex Excitability During Gait Termination.","authors":"Kelly A Robb, Lara A Green, Jordan D Hyde, Stephen D Perry","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2475193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2475193","url":null,"abstract":"Cutaneous feedback plays a large role in the reflexive activation of muscle activity (Ia stretch reflex) generating postural responses during planned gait termination. As the mechanisms to induce a cutaneous afferent volley have been limited to electrical stimulation, it remains unknown if mechanical stimuli can modulate stretch reflex (SR) excitability. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of adding cutaneous inputs on modulating the SR during perturbed gait termination. Thirty young adults completed walking trials when a platform unexpectedly tilted 10 degrees anteriorly or posteriorly, inducing a tibialis anterior (TA) or medial gastrocnemius (MG) short-latency reflex. The SR latency, the peak SR amplitude, and the total SR amplitude of the agonist burst, were compared between the stretched muscle and cutaneous facilitation. Statistically significant interactions were observed between the stretched muscle and cutaneous facilitation on the SR peak and SR burst. More notably, texture resulted in a consistent expression on the TA SR magnitude, without a similar effect in MG. Despite confirming the ability of cutaneous afferent facilitation on modulating spinal interneuronal circuitry, participant variability in response to texture highlights the importance of focusing on individual participant results when studying the effects of cutaneous facilitation on modulating spinal motorneuron excitability.","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Torque Regularity is not Affected by the Nature of Visual Feedback During Hold Type of Isometric Contractions in Adults.

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Motor Behavior Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2025.2469725

João Henriques Oliveira, João Sá Gomes, Philipp Bauer, Pedro Pezarat-Correia, João Rocha Vaz

{"title":"Torque Regularity is not Affected by the Nature of Visual Feedback During Hold Type of Isometric Contractions in Adults.","authors":"João Henriques Oliveira, João Sá Gomes, Philipp Bauer, Pedro Pezarat-Correia, João Rocha Vaz","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2469725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2469725","url":null,"abstract":"The literature that investigated the influence of visual feedback properties on the magnitude and temporal structure of variability suggests that increases in the precision of visual information of the torque output (through manipulation of visual gain and its intermittency) lead the neuromuscular system to produce torque in a more steady and complex manner. However, less is known about the influence of the nature of visual feedback on torque variability. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of two different feedback natures, one from the angular position and the other from the torque produced, on the magnitude and temporal structure of torque variability during submaximal hold isometric tasks. Twenty healthy and young participants performed a knee extension isometric task, consisting in sustaining an applied resistance equivalent to 40% of their Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction for 30 s with visual feedback from angular position (Hangle) and with visual feedback from torque (Htorque). The magnitude of torque variability was calculated through the coefficient of variation. Sample Entropy was used to analyze the temporal structure of torque fluctuations, i.e., torque complexity. We observed no significant differences between conditions (Hangle vs Htorque) in both magnitude (p = 0.117) and the temporal structure of torque fluctuations (p = 0.940). Our results demonstrated that torque regulation seems not to be affected by the nature of the visual feedback during hold submaximal isometric tasks, suggesting a participation of sensorimotor system due to the nature of the task. Researchers should take this into account to take methodological decisions when using hold submaximal isometric tasks to investigate possible changes in motor control.","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Light Finger Touch on Postural Sway during Standing and Crouching Tasks.

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Motor Behavior Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2025.2468437

Akihiko Asao, Yurina Sato, Tatsuya Nakanowatari

{"title":"Effects of Light Finger Touch on Postural Sway during Standing and Crouching Tasks.","authors":"Akihiko Asao, Yurina Sato, Tatsuya Nakanowatari","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2468437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2468437","url":null,"abstract":"Light touch contact of the fingertip reduces postural sway. The light touch effect was confirmed in several postural orientations. However, the effect on postural control in the crouching posture remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of a light fingertip touch on the perturbation of the center of pressure in bipedal standing and crouching. Twenty-two healthy participants engaged in eight postural control tasks: standing/crouching (Posture) × eyes opened/eyes closed (Vision) × light touch/no touch (Touch). The total trajectory length and root-mean-square of the center of pressure in the anterior-posterior and medio-lateral directions were analyzed. Light touch reduced the sway of the center of pressure in both the standing and crouching postures, particularly in the anterior-posterior direction. Furthermore, the touch effect on the sway of the center of pressure varied between the standing and crouching postures. Consistent effects were observed in the anterior-posterior direction, but differing effects were observed in the medio-lateral direction. These results indicate that somatosensory input from the fingertip reduces postural sway in both directions in a crouched posture. Variations of the center of pressure disturbances in the medio-lateral direction could originate from differences in postural strategies involving the ankle and hip joints between bipedal standing and crouching positions.","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Limb-Target Control Increases With Effective Index of Difficulty.

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Motor Behavior Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2025.2461085

Jarrod Blinch, Maryam Nourollahimoghadam, Coby Trovinger, Maria Nida Roncesvalles, Melanie A Hart, Romeo Chua

{"title":"Limb-Target Control Increases With Effective Index of Difficulty.","authors":"Jarrod Blinch, Maryam Nourollahimoghadam, Coby Trovinger, Maria Nida Roncesvalles, Melanie A Hart, Romeo Chua","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2461085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2461085","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers have investigated the sensorimotor mechanisms that result in Fitts' law. One approach has been to analyse movement trajectories during Fitts' tasks to reveal the processes that occur during movement preparation and execution. We used trajectory analysis in the current study to investigate how limb-target control contributed to Fitts' law during the transition from ballistic movements to movements with online control. Twenty-five participants made discrete reaching movements in seven conditions with indexes of difficulty that ranged from one to seven. There were strong linear relationships between index of difficulty, effective index of difficulty and movement time. Trajectory analysis suggested that the easiest condition had movements that were mostly ballistic. There was enough time for visual-based online corrections, but the condition was probably too easy to require limb-target control. Trajectory analysis also suggested that there was an increased reliance on limb-target control as the index of difficulty increased. In conclusion, there was a strong linear relationship between effective index of difficulty and movement time even with conditions that ranged from mostly ballistic to a high degree of limb-target control. We suggest that there is a direct relationship between effective index of difficulty and degree of limb-target control.","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Control Mechanisms of Sensorimotor System on Manipulation of Proprioceptive Inputs During Balance Maintenance.

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Motor Behavior Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2025.2458503

Nasim Shokri, Kohyar Yazdanpanah, Mohammed N Ashtiani

{"title":"Control Mechanisms of Sensorimotor System on Manipulation of Proprioceptive Inputs During Balance Maintenance.","authors":"Nasim Shokri, Kohyar Yazdanpanah, Mohammed N Ashtiani","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2458503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2458503","url":null,"abstract":"Proprioceptive inputs have crucial roles in control of the posture. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of interfering with these signals on postural stability by ice-induced anaesthesia and local calf muscle fatigue. Seventeen healthy young individuals participated in this study to stand quietly and on an unstable platform under normal, anaesthesia, and fatigue conditions. A force platform calculated excursions of centre of pressure. Stabilogram-diffusion analysis was utilised to evaluate how body controls the posture with and without proprioceptive inputs. Time intervals of using the sensory feedback is significantly increased by anaesthesia in quiet standing (430 ms, p = 0.034) to note more delayed use of sensory information in a closed-loop. Additionally, fatigue significantly increased the time intervals of using sensory feedback during standing on the unstable platform (290 ms, p = 0.016). Interestingly, sensory interventions had no effect on the stability of the open-loop control of posture (short-term control), but they significantly influenced the closed-loop control (long-term control) (p < 0.004). Specifically, fatigue led to increased instabilities when the body used sensory inputs during both quiet standing (p = 0.021) and standing on the unstable platform (p = 0.041). These findings highlight the importance of proprioception in balance control for healthy individuals. Interfering with proprioceptive inputs, either through anaesthesia or fatigue, resulted in instabilities during balance maintenance. Our study provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying postural control, emphasising the significance of proprioceptive inputs. Understanding how proprioception affects balance maintenance may have implications for rehabilitation strategies, injury prevention, and the development of interventions to improve postural stability.","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Guiding the Hand to an Invisible Target.

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Motor Behavior Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2025.2455179

Marcin Furtak, Eli Brenner

{"title":"Guiding the Hand to an Invisible Target.","authors":"Marcin Furtak, Eli Brenner","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2455179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2455179","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous devices are being developed to assist visually impaired and blind individuals in performing everyday tasks such as reaching out to grasp objects. Considering that the size, weight, and cost of assistive devices significantly impact their acceptance, it would be useful to know how effective various types of guiding information can be. As an initial exploration of this issue, we conducted four studies in which participants with normal vision were visually guided toward targets. They were guided by information about the direction to the target, and either about the distance to the target or about the time required to reach the target. We compared participants' performance when provided with different amounts of each of these kinds of information. We found that restricting information about the distance from the target or the time it would take to reach the target to only a few possible values does not affect performance substantially. Restricting information about the direction to the target to only a few possible values appears to be more detrimental, but the disadvantage of having few possible directions can be mitigated by combining values in multiple directions. These findings can help optimize haptic presentations in assistive technology.","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0