Journal of Motor Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Adaptive Strategies in Expertise: Optimizing Movement Trajectory for Perception Accuracy.","authors":"Chulwook Park","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2532480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2532480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the traces of movement trajectories for perception accuracy in expert performance, focusing on table tennis. Twenty participants (10 experts and 10 novices) performed self-generated movements for extended haptic accuracy tasks, and their performance was analyzed for absolute error and movement trajectory. The results reveal that the expert participants exhibited more movement entropy than novices, strategically sacrificing trajectory predictability to enhance haptic perception accuracy. These findings reveal the adaptive strategies used by experts to optimize performance and provide insights into the balance between movement entropy and perception accuracy in skilled motor control.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Quantitative and Qualitative Visual Feedback on Motor Learning in Male Novices During a Badminton Underhand-Clear Striking Task.","authors":"Donghwi Suh, Jaeuk Jeong","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2550373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2550373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the biomechanics of striking tasks, different types of visual feedback for the upper extremities influence motor learning and control in distinct ways. Quantitative feedback (QN), which provides precise numerical data, and qualitative feedback (QL), which offers descriptive or interpretive guidance, may facilitate different aspects of motor skill acquisition. Given that ballistic motor skills, such as the badminton underhand-clear stroke, require not only rapid and coordinated movement execution but also precise control of distal joints for accuracy, the underlying feedback processing mechanisms play a crucial role in optimizing motor control. Therefore, this study aims to determine the most effective type of visual feedback for enhancing motor learning in the badminton underhand-clear stroke by examining its impact on movement efficiency and accuracy. Participants (<i>n</i> = 36, all male; mean age 25.1 ± 1.2 years) were recruited into three groups: QN group, QL group, and the control group. Each participant completed a pretest, post-test, and retention-test of 20 trials each for the badminton underhand-clear stroke, along with three practice sessions consisting of 50 trials each. Performance accuracy and coordination patterns were significantly improved in the QN group compared to the QL and control groups in the retention test [performance accuracy (mean radial error) = QN-control: <i>p <</i> .01, QN-QL: <i>p <</i> .01; coordination pattern (discrete relative phase) = QN-control: <i>p <</i> .001, QN-QL: <i>p <</i> .01]. Additionally, the kinematics of the wrist joint were significantly improved in the QN group compared to the QL and control group in the retention test (maximum extension angle of wrist joint = QN-control: <i>p <</i> .001, QN-QL: <i>p</i> < .01). These findings suggest that quantitative feedback may be more effective than qualitative feedback in facilitating motor learning in a badminton striking task, particularly in terms of long-term retention of movement accuracy and coordination. By analyzing motor coordination patterns, this study provides insight into the role of different types of visual feedback in motor learning and offers practical implications for instructors aiming to optimize skill acquisition in striking tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Linearity in Development of Dynamic Balance Repertoire in Middle Childhood.","authors":"Håvard Lorås, Monika Haga","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2546694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2546694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current understanding of balance development in middle childhood is predominantly from static postural tasks, in which a typical finding is a linear pattern. A paucity of studies, however, have examined the development of dynamic balance. Thus, we investigated how 354 girls and boys aged 7-10-years-old crossed a river on a wide or narrow plank in virtual reality, while their movement strategies were measured. Sex, height and perceived motor competence were examined as covariates. The results indicated that age did not appear as a significant independent variable for any measures, and that significant differences emerged between boys and girls. These findings suggest that dynamic balance can have a non-linear development in middle childhood, with boys and girls utilizing different task-specific strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Elevated Height in Virtual Reality on Postural Control in the Semi-Tandem Stance.","authors":"Melissa Chik, Lucas Michaud, Yves Lajoie","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2537821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2537821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Standing at elevated heights can elicit postural adjustments often characterized by reduced center of pressure (COP) magnitude, higher frequencies, and increased irregularity. While often attributed to postural stiffening, such changes may also reflect a shift toward more automatic control. However, most height-related studies use a feet-parallel stance, which may not be generalized to more constrained foot positions like semi-tandem, which are often encountered in real-world height situations. This study investigated the effects of acute virtual height exposure on postural control in a semi-tandem stance. Twenty young adults stood on a force platform under three conditions: (1) no VR, (2) VR sidewalk at ground level, and (3) VR elevated plank. Each participant completed six 60-second trials per condition. Repeated-measures ANOVAs revealed that wearing the VR headset alone affected postural control, with further changes under height exposure. Height was associated with increased COP frequency and irregularity, suggesting more automatic control. However, due to biomechanical constraints, the semi-tandem stance may have influenced postural strategies, resulting in increased COP variability. These findings support the use of VR to study postural threat and highlight the role of foot position in postural adaptations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Upper Extremity Selective Motor Control and Its Relationship with Trunk Control and Balance in Spastic CP.","authors":"Bayram Sırrı, Bülent Elbasan","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2536841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2536841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Upper extremity Selective Voluntary Motor Control (SVMC) is a key factor influencing upper extremity functions in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP), but differences in SVMC of the upper extremity between unilateral and bilateral CP and its association with trunk control and balance remain unclear. This study aims to examine differences in upper extremity SVMC and its association with trunk control and balance in 58 children (31 unilateral, 27 bilateral) with spastic CP. SVMC, balance, and trunk control were assessed using the Selective Control of Upper Extremity Scale (SCUES). Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS), and the Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS), respectively. No significant difference in SCUES scores was found between unilateral and bilateral CP (<i>p</i> > 0.05). SCUES scores correlated with TCMS in both types (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with a stronger correlation in bilateral CP (unilateral rho = 0.38, bilateral rho = 0.87). PBS correlated with SCUES only in bilateral cases (<i>p</i> < 0.01, rho = 0.88). In conclusion, impaired upper extremity SVMC is common in spastic CP and more linked to trunk control and balance in bilateral than unilateral cases. Addressing this difference may guide the development of tailored interventions for both types.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-Crastination Emerges in a Sequential Joint Action Task.","authors":"April Karlinsky, Matthew Ray, Timothy N Welsh","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2536835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2536835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In sequential joint actions, one co-actor performs the first step of a task (the initiator) before the second co-actor finishes the task (the finisher). Studies of sequential joint actions have revealed the initiator plans their movement to facilitate their finisher's action, consistent with the principle of \"pre-crastination\". Pre-crastination refers to the finding that actors choose to complete more demanding tasks earlier to decrease cognitive and/or motor load later. The present experiments examined the potential for pre-crastination in a sequential joint action task. Partners performed a task wherein an initiator passed a cube with a 3D-protuberance to a finisher so the protuberance could be inserted into a target slot. The initiator could rotate the cube all, some, or none of the way into the final orientation before passing. The results of Experiment 1 were that initiators completed more rotations when working with a partner than actors completed in the first step when working alone. Experiment 2 revealed that visual information about the finisher's task influenced the amount of rotation completed by the initiator. These findings are consistent with the notion of pre-crastination because co-actors facilitated their partner's achievement of a shared goal by doing more of the work earlier on.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual Reality Improves Predictive Internal Modeling and Object Control Skills in DCD Children.","authors":"Hasan Sepehri Bonab, Soghra Ebrahimi Sani","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2536832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2536832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deficits in internal modeling have been suggested as a key factor contributing to the motor control and coordination challenges experienced by children with DCD. Recently, virtual reality (VR) technology has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing the acquisition and learning of motor skills. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to investigate the effects of VR-based interventions on internal modeling and object control skills in children with DCD. The present study employed a quasi-experimental design, incorporating a pretest, post-test, and two-month follow-up. The sample consisted of 40 female students aged 7 to 10 years, selected based on DSM-5 criteria and randomly assigned to either a VR training program or a control group. Predictive internal modeling was assessed using continuous relative phase (CRP) through a visuomotor adaptation task, while object control skills were evaluated using the TGMD-2 test. The experimental group underwent an 8-week VR-based training program comprising 16, 30-minute sessions using task-oriented Xbox Kinect 360 games. The control group received no intervention. Results indicated that VR training significantly improved the acquisition of CRP (<i>p</i> = 0.037), with the experimental group demonstrating superior transfer of these skills to object control tasks compared to controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The observed reduction in CRP suggests that VR training facilitated the development of internal models in children with DCD. Furthermore, enhancements in object control skills evidenced the capacity of these children to apply and generalize acquired predictive internal models. However, despite these advancements, participants continued to exhibit compensatory strategies characterized by variability and inaccuracy, indicating persistent challenges in internal model updating.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurophysiological and Biomechanical Determinants of Successful Basketball Throws.","authors":"P K Phan, A T N Vo, D Saucier, S Elder, F To, R Burch, H Chander, S Sharma, D Vandenheever","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2532478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2532478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the neurophysiological and biomechanical factors contributing to successful basketball throw performance in novice athletes, utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) and motion capture (MoCap) to analyze joint angles, ground reaction forces (GRFs), and brain activity. Sixteen participants performed basketball throws while EEG and MoCap systems recorded data on movement mechanics and neural activity. Biomechanical findings revealed that successful trials were characterized by refined movements, reduced wrist extension, increased elbow flexion, and more stable foot positioning compared to unsuccessful trials (all <i>p</i> > 0.05), contributing to greater shot accuracy. Reduced movement variability in successful trials further indicated improved motor consistency, reflective of skill development. EEG results showed higher beta and gamma power in the temporal lobe during successful compared to unsuccessful trials (<i>p</i> < 0.05), suggesting increased engagement in visuomotor integration and neural efficiency. Notably, our novice participants demonstrated limited neural efficiency in frontal regions (<i>p</i> > 0.05), potentially due to cognitive interference and self-monitoring. These findings highlight the importance of coordinated biomechanical execution and neural efficiency in optimizing basketball performance. The insights gained have practical implications for designing training interventions that improve motor performance, particularly for novice athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Chronometry: Do Imagined Times Merely Relate to Task Duration?","authors":"James W Roberts, Robin Owen, Caroline J Wakefield","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2525907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2525907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prolonged movement time as a function of task difficulty (as defined by the Index of Difficulty [ID]) can be equally prevalent within executed and imagined movements ─ something referred to as the <i>mental chronometry effect</i>. This effect has been leveraged as support for <i>functional equivalence</i>, where an internal representation can be shared for execution and imagery. However, times tend to rise exponentially more for imagined, compared to executed, movements, which could be attributed to the time spent within a task. Fifteen participants attempted execution and imagery of a reciprocal aiming movement between two targets that assumed different levels of ID (4, 5, 6 bits). They did this either over 3 or 5 cycles of movement to generate short- and long-duration movements, respectively. Mean times and time-ID slope/gradient coefficients revealed that the time within imagery was generally no longer than execution. However, the rise in time as a function of ID tended to be even greater when undertaking 3 compared to 5 cycles within imagery, but not execution. Overall, these findings may counter the suggestion that time spent within imagery is positively related to duration. However, further research is perhaps warranted to help formulate broader recommendations for imagery across different durations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Biofeedback and Postural Control: Exploring Potential Implicit Visual Integration.","authors":"Lucas Michaud, Dominique Desjardins, Alexandre Perreault, Anne-Sophie Mayer, Marc-Olivier Sauvé, Renée Desjardins, Yves Lajoie","doi":"10.1080/00222895.2025.2523448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2025.2523448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Real-time visual biofeedback (vBF) of body sway is known to enhance postural control by reducing center of pressure (COP) displacement. However, the mechanisms underlying its influence remain unclear, particularly regarding implicit processing. The objective of this study was to examine whether vBF is utilized implicitly by exposing 40 young adults to both real-time (accurate) and erroneous (delayed) COP feedback without explicitly explaining its purpose. Participants were simply instructed to stand as still as possible. After the experiment, 15 out of 40 participants spontaneously recognized the feedback's nature. Results indicated that both aware and unaware participants exhibited improved postural control under accurate vBF (i.e., reduced COP variability, smaller COP area, increased COP irregularity, and greater reliance on higher sway frequencies). In contrast, erroneous vBF induced minimal changes. While these findings highlight a possible implicit integration of the visual feedback, the results also underscore the need for future research to investigate this phenomenon with more refined methods, as classifying participants into aware and unaware groups presents certain challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":50125,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Motor Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}