Journal of Symbolic Computation最新文献

{"title":"Theta nullvalues of supersingular Abelian varieties","authors":"Andreas Pieper","doi":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Let <em>η</em><span> be a polarization with connected kernel on a superspecial abelian variety </span><span><math><msup><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>. We give a sufficient criterion which allows the computation of the theta nullvalues of any quotient of <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> by a maximal isotropic subgroup scheme of <span><math><mi>ker</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>η</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> effectively.</p><p>This criterion is satisfied in many situations studied by <span>Li and Oort (1998)</span>. We used our method to implement an algorithm that computes supersingular curves of genus 3.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Computation","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139065849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A note on the relation between recognisable series and regular sequences, and their minimal linear representations","authors":"Clemens Heuberger ,&nbsp;Daniel Krenn ,&nbsp;Gabriel F. Lipnik","doi":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this note, we precisely elaborate the connection between recognisable series (in the sense of Berstel and Reutenauer) and <em>q</em>-regular sequences (in the sense of Allouche and Shallit) via their linear representations. In particular, we show that the minimisation algorithm for recognisable series can also be used to minimise linear representations of <em>q</em>-regular sequences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Computation","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747717123001098/pdfft?md5=492907babc8de19f0ee8ae11896722d4&pid=1-s2.0-S0747717123001098-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139065963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axioms for a theory of signature bases","authors":"Pierre Lairez","doi":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Twenty years after the discovery of the F5 algorithm, Gröbner bases with signatures are still challenging to understand and to adapt to different settings. This contrasts with Buchberger's algorithm, which we can bend in many directions keeping correctness and termination obvious. I propose an axiomatic approach to Gröbner bases with signatures with the purpose of uncoupling the theory and the algorithms, giving general results applicable in many different settings (e.g. Gröbner for </span>submodules, F4-style reduction, noncommutative rings, non-Noetherian settings, etc.), and extending the reach of signature algorithms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Computation","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138742217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computing primitive idempotents in finite commutative rings and applications","authors":"Mugurel Barcau ,&nbsp;Vicenţiu Paşol","doi":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In this paper, we compute an algebraic decomposition of black-box rings in the generic ring model. More precisely, we explicitly decompose a black-box ring as a direct product of a nilpotent black-box ring and unital local black-box rings, by computing all its primitive idempotents. The algorithm presented in this paper uses quantum subroutines for the computation of the </span><em>p</em>-power parts of a black-box ring and then classical algorithms for the computation of the corresponding primitive idempotents. As a by-product, we get that the reduction of a black-box ring is also a black-box ring. The first application of this decomposition is an extension of the work of <span>Maurer and Raub (2007)</span> on representation problem in black-box finite fields to the case of reduced <em>p</em>-power black-box rings. Another important application is an <span><math><msup><mrow><mtext>IND-CCA</mtext></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span><span> attack for any ring homomorphic encryption scheme<span> in the generic ring model. Moreover, when the plaintext space is a finite reduced black-box ring, we present a plaintext-recovery attack based on representation problem in black-box prime fields. In particular, if the ciphertext space has smooth characteristic, the plaintext-recovery attack is effectively computable in the generic ring model.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Computation","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138688298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast computation of the centralizer of a permutation group in the symmetric group","authors":"Rok Požar","doi":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Let <em>G</em><span> be a permutation group acting on a set Ω. Best known algorithms for computing the centralizer of </span><em>G</em><span> in the symmetric group on Ω are all based on the same general approach that involves solving the following two fundamental problems: given a </span><em>G</em>-orbit Δ of size <em>n</em>, compute the centralizer of the restriction of <em>G</em> to Δ in the symmetric group on Δ; and given two <em>G</em>-orbits Δ and <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Δ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> each of size <em>n</em>, find an equivalence between the action of <em>G</em> restricted to Δ and the action of <em>G</em> restricted to <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Δ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> when one exists. If <em>G</em> is given by a generating set <em>X</em>, previous solutions to each of these two problems take <span><math><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mo>|</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>|</mo><msup><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></math></span> time.</p><p>In this paper, we first solve each fundamental problem in <span><math><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>δ</mi><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mo>|</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>|</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>log</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> time, where <em>δ</em> is the depth of the breadth-first-search Schreier tree for <em>X</em> rooted at some fixed vertex. For the important class of small-base groups <em>G</em>, we improve the theoretical worst-case time bound of our solutions to <span><math><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><msup><mrow><mi>log</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msup><mo>⁡</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mo>|</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>|</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>log</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> for some constant <em>c</em>. Moreover, if <span><math><mo>⌈</mo><mn>20</mn><msub><mrow><mi>log</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>⁡</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>⌉</mo></math></span> uniformly distributed random elements of <em>G</em><span> are given in advance, our solutions have, with probability at least </span><span><math><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mi>n</mi></math></span>, a running time of <span><math><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><msup><mrow><mi>log</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>⁡</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mo>|</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>|</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>log</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>. We then apply our solutions to obtain a more efficient algorithm for computing the centralizer of <em>G</em> in the symmetric group on Ω. In an experimental evaluation we demonstrate that it is substantially faster than previously known algorithms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Computation","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138513693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levelwise construction of a single cylindrical algebraic cell","authors":"Jasper Nalbach ,&nbsp;Erika Ábrahám ,&nbsp;Philippe Specht ,&nbsp;Christopher W. Brown ,&nbsp;James H. Davenport ,&nbsp;Matthew England","doi":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Satisfiability modulo theories (SMT)</em> solvers check the satisfiability of quantifier-free first-order logic formulae over different theories. We consider the theory of <em>non-linear real arithmetic</em> where the formulae are logical combinations of polynomial constraints. Here a commonly used tool is the <em>cylindrical algebraic decomposition (CAD)</em> to decompose the real space into cells where the constraints are truth-invariant through the use of <em>projection polynomials</em>.</p><p>A CAD encodes more information than necessary for checking satisfiability. One approach to address this is to repackage the CAD theory into a search-based algorithm: one that guesses sample points to satisfy the formula, and generalizes guesses that conflict constraints to cylindrical cells around samples which are avoided in the continuing search. This can lead to a satisfying assignment more quickly, or conclude unsatisfiability with far fewer cells. A notable example of this approach is Jovanović and de Moura's <em>NLSAT</em> algorithm. Since these cells are being produced locally to a sample there is scope to use fewer projection polynomials than the traditional CAD projection. The original NLSAT algorithm reduced the set a little; while Brown's <em>single cell construction</em> reduced it much further still. However, it refines a cell polynomial-by-polynomial, meaning the shape and size of the cell produced depends on the order in which the polynomials are considered.</p><p>The present paper proposes a method to construct such cells <em>levelwise</em>, i.e. built level-by-level according to a variable ordering instead of polynomial-by-polynomial for all levels. We still use a reduced number of projection polynomials, but can now consider a variety of different reductions and use <em>heuristics</em> to select the projection polynomials in order to optimize the shape of the cell under construction. The new method can thus improve the performance of the NLSAT algorithm. We formulate all the necessary theory that underpins the algorithm as a <em>proof system</em>: while not a common presentation for work in this field, it is valuable in allowing an elegant decoupling of heuristic decisions from the main algorithm and its proof of correctness. We expect the symbolic computation community may find uses for it in other areas too. In particular, the proof system could be a step towards formal proofs for non-linear real arithmetic.</p><p>This work has been implemented in the SMT-RAT solver and the benefits of the levelwise construction are validated experimentally on the SMT-LIB benchmark library. We also compare several heuristics for the construction and observe that each heuristic has strengths offering potential for further exploitation of the new approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Computation","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747717123001025/pdfft?md5=f45eafa5ba7d71b914304fbba6948761&pid=1-s2.0-S0747717123001025-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138513690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-step Newton's method for deflation-one singular zeros of analytic systems","authors":"Kisun Lee ,&nbsp;Nan Li ,&nbsp;Lihong Zhi","doi":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>We propose a two-step Newton's method for refining an </span>approximation<span> of a singular zero whose deflation process terminates after one step, also known as a deflation-one singularity. Given an isolated singular zero of a square analytic system<span>, our algorithm exploits an invertible linear operator obtained by combining the Jacobian and a projection of the Hessian in the direction of the kernel of the Jacobian. We prove the quadratic convergence of the two-step Newton method when it is applied to an approximation of a deflation-one singular zero. Also, the algorithm requires a smaller size of matrices than the existing methods, making it more efficient. We demonstrate examples and experiments to show the efficiency of the method.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Computation","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138448278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward finiteness of central configurations for the planar six-body problem by symbolic computations. (I) Determine diagrams and orders","authors":"Ke-Ming Chang,&nbsp;Kuo-Chang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In a series of papers we develop symbolic computation algorithms to investigate finiteness of central configurations for the planar </span><em>n</em>-body problem. Our approach is based on Albouy-Kaloshin's work on finiteness of central configurations for the 5-body problems. In their paper, bicolored graphs called <em>zw</em><span><span>-diagrams were introduced for possible scenarios when the finiteness conjecture fails, and proving finiteness amounts to exclusions of central configurations associated to these diagrams. Following their method, the amount of computations becomes enormous when there are more than five bodies. In this paper we introduce matrix algebra for determination of possible diagrams and asymptotic orders, devise several criteria to reduce </span>computational complexity, and determine possible </span><em>zw</em>-diagrams by automated deductions. For the planar six-body problem, we show that there are at most 86 <em>zw</em>-diagrams.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Computation","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138453648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explainable AI Insights for Symbolic Computation: A case study on selecting the variable ordering for cylindrical algebraic decomposition","authors":"Lynn Pickering ,&nbsp;Tereso del Río Almajano ,&nbsp;Matthew England ,&nbsp;Kelly Cohen","doi":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years there has been increased use of machine learning (ML) techniques within mathematics, including symbolic computation where it may be applied safely to optimise or select algorithms. This paper explores whether using explainable AI (XAI) techniques on such ML models can offer new insight for symbolic computation, inspiring new implementations within computer algebra systems that do not directly call upon AI tools. We present a case study on the use of ML to select the variable ordering for cylindrical algebraic decomposition. It has already been demonstrated that ML can make the choice well, but here we show how the SHAP tool for explainability can be used to inform new heuristics of a size and complexity similar to those human-designed heuristics currently commonly used in symbolic computation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Computation","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747717123000901/pdfft?md5=ebb7a5437d38ce1efee92fa91cbda5ec&pid=1-s2.0-S0747717123000901-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138396787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syzygies, constant rank, and beyond","authors":"Marc Härkönen ,&nbsp;Lisa Nicklasson ,&nbsp;Bogdan Raiţă","doi":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsc.2023.102274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>We study linear PDE<span> with constant coefficients. The constant rank condition on a system of linear PDEs with constant coefficients is often used in the theory of compensated compactness. While this is a purely linear algebraic condition, the nonlinear algebra concept of </span></span>primary decomposition<span> is another important tool for studying such system of PDEs. In this paper we investigate the connection between these two concepts. From the nonlinear analysis<span> point of view, we make some progress in the study of weak lower semicontinuity of integral functionals defined on sequences of PDE constrained fields, when the PDEs do not have constant rank.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50031,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Computation","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135716803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}