Luiz Fernando Gonçalves, Bruno Rodrigues Freitas, Ronaldo Alves Garcia
{"title":"Limit cycles in a class of piecewise polynomial differential systems having the unit circle as their switching manifold","authors":"Luiz Fernando Gonçalves, Bruno Rodrigues Freitas, Ronaldo Alves Garcia","doi":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we investigate the existence of limit cycles in a class of planar piecewise smooth differential systems having the unit circle as their switching manifold. The vector field inside the circle is assumed to be linear and Hamiltonian, while the vector field outside is given by <span><math><mrow><mover><mi>z</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><msup><mi>z</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></span>. We provide an upper bound for the number of crossing limit cycles such systems can possess, as well as for some of their perturbations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49745,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Analysis-Real World Applications","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104521"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global stability analysis and optimal vaccination strategy for an age-structured tuberculosis model with general incidence","authors":"Qian Jiang , Zhijun Liu , Lianwen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work proposes a novel age-structured tuberculosis (TB) model to evaluate the impact of pre- and post-exposure vaccinations on TB control, explicitly incorporating the waning of vaccine-induced efficacy over time. Mathematically, we establish a broadly applicable analytical framework for rigorously proving the global stability of steady states in the age-structured model. Furthermore, we formulate an optimal control problem with time-dependent vaccination schedules, identifying cost-effective vaccination strategies under realistic resource constraints. Epidemiologically, our analysis indicates that a combined vaccination strategy is most effective overall. While pre-exposure vaccination proves superior for long-term outbreak control, high-intensity post-exposure vaccination is crucial in high-exposure scenarios to rapidly reduce infected cases. This offers valuable insights for evaluating vaccination-based prevention and control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49745,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Analysis-Real World Applications","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104583"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145841566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Refined Liouville-type theorems for the stationary Navier–Stokes equations","authors":"Youseung Cho, Minsuk Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study smooth solutions to the three-dimensional stationary Navier–Stokes equations and establish new Liouville-type theorems under refined decay assumptions. Building on the work of Cho et al., we introduce a refinement to previously known integrability criteria and analyze the associated averaged quantities. Our main result shows that if the <em>L<sup>p</sup></em> growth rate of a solution remains bounded for some 3/2 < <em>p</em> < 3, then the solution must be trivial. The proof combines averaged decay estimates, energy inequalities, and an iteration scheme.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49745,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Analysis-Real World Applications","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104599"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samuel Carlos S. Ferreira , Bruno R. Freitas , João Carlos R. Medrado
{"title":"Limit cycles of 3D piecewise linear systems with concurrent tangent lines","authors":"Samuel Carlos S. Ferreira , Bruno R. Freitas , João Carlos R. Medrado","doi":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We analyze a 3D discontinuous piecewise linear dynamical system, <span><math><mrow><mi>Z</mi><mo>=</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>Y</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>, with a plane Σ as its switching manifold, which contains two-fold intersection straight lines. The eigenvalues associated with <em>DX</em> and <em>DY</em> are composed of one real eigenvalue and a pair of complex conjugate eigenvalues. A canonical form is obtained using changes in variables and parameters. Two half-return Poincaré maps are generated from two closing equations derived from exponential matrices, leading to a displacement map Δ. Using the Weierstrass Preparation Theorem, we prove the existence of a subclass within this family that admits at least one large amplitude limit cycle. When the real part of the complex eigenvalues is non-zero, the restriction of Δ to space <em>W</em>, formed by the concatenation of bi-dimensional focal planes associated with the complex eigenvalues, can have up to three positive zeros on <em>W</em> ∩ Σ, corresponding to three large amplitude limit cycles. We provide examples with one, two, and three limit cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49745,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Analysis-Real World Applications","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104587"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Well-posedness of a first-order-in-time model for nonlinear acoustics with nonhomogeneous boundary conditions","authors":"Pascal Lehner","doi":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2026.104609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2026.104609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study well-posedness of a first-order-in-time model for nonlinear acoustics with nonhomogeneous boundary conditions in fractional Sobolev spaces. The analysis proceeds by first establishing well-posedness of an abstract parabolic-type semilinear evolution equation. These results are then applied to concrete operators and function spaces that capture the boundary conditions relevant for realistic modeling.</div><div>Our approach is based on the spectral decomposition of a positive definite self-adjoint operator, with solution regularity characterized via the domains of its fractional powers. Employing Galerkin’s method and the Newton-Kantorovich theorem, we prove well-posedness for the abstract nonlinear system with possibly nonhomogeneous boundary data.</div><div>The connection between (spectral) fractional powers of the Laplacian and fractional Sobolev spaces due to interpolation theory allows us to transfer these results to the nonlinear acoustic model under nonhomogeneous Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions, yielding fractional Sobolev regularity. For Hodge/Lions boundary conditions, we establish well-posedness with solutions in classical Sobolev spaces of integer order.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49745,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Analysis-Real World Applications","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104609"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chun-Bo Lian , Bin Ge , Qing-Hai Cao , Qing-Mei Zhou
{"title":"Quasilinear double phase problem on the whole space","authors":"Chun-Bo Lian , Bin Ge , Qing-Hai Cao , Qing-Mei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present paper, we study the existence of a radial sign-changing solution to a class of quasilinear double phase problems in <span><math><msup><mi>R</mi><mi>N</mi></msup></math></span>. Without assuming the usual strictly increasing condition on <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><msup><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>q</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mfrac></math></span>, we provide some sufficient conditions under which the above problems have at least one sign-changing radial ground states solution. We generalize the result of Liu and Dai [J. Math. Phys. 61(2020) 091508].</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49745,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Analysis-Real World Applications","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104586"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kh Zennir , S. Bousserhane Reda , T. Miyasita , S.G. Georgiev , K. Bouhali
{"title":"Finite time blow up of solutions for coupled system of wave equations with nonlinear memory terms","authors":"Kh Zennir , S. Bousserhane Reda , T. Miyasita , S.G. Georgiev , K. Bouhali","doi":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2026.104604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2026.104604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of finite-time blow-up of solutions for coupled systems is a complex and intriguing topic in the theory of partial differential equations, especially when the coupling comes from nonlinear memory sources. This area concerns understanding when the local solutions may “blow up”, meaning they become unbounded in a finite time. The purpose of this study is to use the proof by contradiction to show the finite-time blow-up of solutions for the problem of coupled nonlinear waves in the structural damped model with nonlinear memory sources under certain regularity properties and conditions on the exponents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49745,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Analysis-Real World Applications","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104604"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A predator-prey model with poison dependent diffusion","authors":"Xinyu Bo, Qi An, Wenjun Liu, Guangying Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Considering the increasing level of international environmental pollution, especially the discharge of nuclear effluents into the oceans, we consider in this paper, the dynamics of a predator-prey model in toxic environments. The concentration of toxins is no longer constant, but is influenced by time and location, and it will interact with predator-prey systems, thereby affecting the dynamic behavior of the entire ecosystem. The boundedness and positive definiteness of the model are obtained by using the comparison principle and the maximum principle. Afterwards, the threshold condition of toxicant concentration for the stability of the steady state solutions and the rate of convergence of the solutions are obtained by using the matrix positive definiteness, Schauder’s theorem and LaSalle’s invariance principle. Finally, numerical examples verify our results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49745,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Analysis-Real World Applications","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104575"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global bifurcation diagrams and multiplicity of positive solutions for the one-dimensional Minkowski-curvature problem with singular nonlinearity","authors":"Hao Chen , Rui Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2025.104597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we study the global bifurcation diagrams and multiplicity of positive solutions for the one-dimensional Minkowski-curvature equation with singular nonlinearity<span><span><span><math><mrow><mo>{</mo><mtable><mtr><mtd><mrow><mo>−</mo><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mstyle><mfrac><msup><mi>u</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><msqrt><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo><msup><mi>u</mi><mrow><mo>′</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></msqrt></mfrac></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>′</mo></msup><mo>=</mo><mstyle><mfrac><mi>λ</mi><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>u</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mi>p</mi></msup></mfrac></mstyle><mo>,</mo></mrow></mtd><mtd><mrow><mtext>in</mtext><mspace></mspace><mo>(</mo><mo>−</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>,</mo></mrow></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mrow><mi>u</mi><mo>(</mo><mo>−</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>u</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo></mrow></mtd></mtr></mtable></mrow></math></span></span></span>where <em>λ, p, L</em> are three positive parameters. We determine the number of positive solutions corresponding to the vary of the values of these parameters based on time-map approach. For this open question, we observe that the global bifurcation diagrams differ significantly between two cases: Case 1. For 0 < <em>L</em> < 1, |<em>u</em>′| < 1 ensures <em>u</em> < <em>L</em> < 1, resulting in a non-singular problem; Case 2. For <em>L</em> ≥ 1, additional condition <em>u</em> < 1 is needed to avoid the occurrence of singularity. We show that the bifurcation curve of positive solutions either is strictly increasing or <em>S</em>-like shaped in the first case, while the bifurcation curve is more complicated, strictly increasing, <em>S</em>-like shaped, or ⊃-like shaped in the other one.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49745,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Analysis-Real World Applications","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104597"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global strong solutions to the frame hydrodynamics for biaxial nematic phases","authors":"Minjiang Feng, Sirui Li, Qi Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2026.104608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nonrwa.2026.104608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, we consider the frame hydrodynamics of biaxial nematic phases, a coupled system between the evolution equation of the orthonormal frame field and the Navier–Stokes equation of the fluid velocity field, which is derived from a molecular-theory-based dynamical tensor model about two second-order tensors. In two and three dimensions, we establish the global well-posedness of strong solutions to the Cauchy problem of frame hydrodynamics for small initial data. The key ingredient of the proof relies on the estimates of nonlinear terms with the rotational derivative on <em>SO</em>(3), together with the dissipative structure of the frame hydrodynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49745,"journal":{"name":"Nonlinear Analysis-Real World Applications","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104608"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}