Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Telomere length mediates the causal effects of excess adiposity on cardiovascular risk: A two-step Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Yaxian Zeng, Xin Yuan, Jing Zi, Yifan Hu, Xiaoyu Wang, Guo Cheng, Jingyuan Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Excess adiposity correlate to cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, and telomere shortening, while the latter two are associated with cardiovascular risks. Whether inflammation and telomere length mediate the excess adiposity-cardiovascular relationship is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>We performed a two-step Mendelian randomization analysis utilizing data from the latest genome-wide association studies: body mass index (BMI, n = 681,275), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR, n = 697,734) and BMI adjusted WHR (WHR_adjBMI, n = 694,649), telomere length (n = 472,174), C-reactive protein (n = 204,402), interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (n = 21,758), tumor necrosis factor-α (n = 3454), hypertension (n = 463,010), coronary artery disease (n = 547,261), heart failure (n = 977,323), stroke (n = 446,696), ischemic stroke (n = 440,328), intracerebral hemorrhage (n = 343,663), aortic aneurysm (n = 356,934), transient ischemic attack (n = 360,692), peripheral vascular disease (n = 463,010), systolic and diastolic blood pressure changes (n = 757,601). We observed casual effects of excess adiposity on eight cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and blood pressure changes. Telomere length is causally associated with hypertension, blood pressure, coronary artery disease, aortic aneurysm, and intracerebral hemorrhage, mediates BMI's effect on coronary artery disease (2.41 %) and aortic aneurysm (4.97 %), and plays a suppressive role between WHR and systolic blood pressure changes (2.39 %).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Telomere length mediates the causal effects of excess adiposity on the risks of coronary artery disease, aortic aneurysm, and systolic blood pressure changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103904"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of brief intense stair climbing on cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic risk factors in inactive young men with obesity: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Minsub Han, JeongEun Yun, Jennifer L Kuk, SoJung Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>We investigated the effects of brief, intense stair climbing on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cardiometabolic risk factors in young Korean men with obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Twenty-four healthy men (age: 25.8 ± 2.4 years, BMI: 27.1 ± 2.5 kg/m²) were randomized into either the stair climbing exercise group (n = 12) or the control group (no exercise intervention, n = 12). The stair climbing exercise (5 days per week for 4 weeks) included a 3-min warm-up, followed by three 20-s bouts of vigorous stair climbing [≥80 % of age-predicted maximal heart rate (MHR)], with 2-min of recovery in between. Peak oxygen uptake (VO_2peak) and body composition were measured by maximal treadmill test and bioelectrical impedance analysis, respectively. A fasting blood sample was obtained after a 10-h overnight fast to measure cardiometabolic markers. All participants completed the study and attended 97.1 % of all scheduled exercise sessions. There was significant group x time effect on CRF, such that the stair climbing exercise group had significant improvements in VO_2peak (pre: 38.7 ± 5.2 versus post: 41.6 ± 5.7 ml/kg/min, P < 0.01) and exercise duration (pre: 10.4 ± 1.8 versus post: 12.1 ± 1.9 min, P < 0.01) during a maximal treadmill test, but with decreases in VO_2peak and no change in the exercise duration the control group. Body weight, body fat and metabolic variables were unchanged after stair climbing exercise.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Brief, intense stair climbing with a total time commitment of 10 min per day is effective for improving VO_2peak in young men with obesity.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>KCT0008139.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103902"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic insights into the risk of frailty on metabolic syndrome and its components: Bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Zihang Zhang, Pan Zhang, Feng Zhang, Jinghui Zhong, Wen Sun, Houren Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Previous studies have shown that frailty and metabolic syndrome (Mets) share common pathophysiological mechanisms. However, whether the observed association reflects causality requires clarification. We performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study to investigate the causal relationship between frailty, Mets, and their individual components.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Summary-level data from GWAS to identify genetic variants associated with frailty, Mets, and its components among individuals of European ancestry. Inverse variance weighting was utilized as the main method. Using bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis, we found that the risk of frailty was causally associated with an increased risk of MetS (OR: 2.092, 95%CI: 1.564-2.799) and its components, including waist circumference (OR: 1.349, 95 % CI: 1.181-1.541), hypertension (OR: 1.099, 95 % CI: 1.075-1.125), triglycerides (OR: 1.297, 95 % CI: 1.179-1.428). Conversely, the risk of MetS was causally associated with an increased risk of frailty (OR: 1.048; 95 % CI: 1.024-1.073). however, when removing SNPs assocaited with BMI at the loci significance level and performed MVMR, Mets and frailty were not associated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest a bidirectional causal relationship between frailty and MetS, indicating that genetic factors contributing to frailty also increase the risk of MetS and its components, and vice versa. Furthermore, BMI-related SNPs may act as effect modifiers in the association between MetS and frailty. These insights into the shared pathophysiology of frailty and MetS have implications for the prevention and treatment strategies in elderly individuals with MetS.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103898"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific association of weight-adjusted waist index with mortality in stroke survivors: A national longitudinal cohort study","authors":"Fei Liu ,&nbsp;Jiarui Chen ,&nbsp;Ying Yao ,&nbsp;Reng Ren ,&nbsp;Yue Yu ,&nbsp;Yinghong Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) is a novel indicator of obesity, and its association with mortality in stroke patients remains unknown. We aimed to explore these associations through a national longitudinal cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>We included stroke survivors from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018 who were followed up until December 31, 2019. The study outcomes were all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in stroke patients. A total of 1427 stroke patients were enrolled, and after a median follow-up duration of 83 months, 624 stroke patients died, including 251 from CVD. Kaplan‒Meier survival analyses indicated that WWI was significantly associated with the probability of survival over time in stroke patients (log-rank tests, both p &lt; 0.0001). After adjusting for confounders, WWI was significantly and positively associated with all-cause and CVD mortality after stroke. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed that WWI was linearly associated with all-cause mortality and nonlinearly associated with CVD mortality. Stratified analyses suggested that sex significantly influenced the effect of WWI on all-cause mortality in stroke patients. Additional body mass index (BMI) adjustments did not significantly change the results.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>WWI was positively associated with all-cause and CVD mortality in stroke patients, independent of BMI. These effects were present only in men. These findings suggest that WWI is an independent prognostic factor in stroke patients and that maintaining appropriate WWI values can help improve the prognosis of stroke survivors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103743"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sugar-sweetened beverages, low/no-calorie beverages, fruit juices intake and risks of metabolic syndrome in adults: The SWEET project","authors":"Novita D. Naomi ,&nbsp;Elske M. Brouwer-Brolsma ,&nbsp;Marion E.C. Buso ,&nbsp;Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu ,&nbsp;Christina Mavrogianni ,&nbsp;Joanne A. Harrold ,&nbsp;Jason C.G. Halford ,&nbsp;Anne Raben ,&nbsp;Johanna M. Geleijnse ,&nbsp;Yannis Manios ,&nbsp;Edith J.M. Feskens","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important determinant of cardiometabolic disease development, with excessive sugar intake as one of the key modifiable risk factors. However, evidence on the association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), their replacement by low/no caloric beverages (LNCB), and MetS development is still limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>Data from participants’ of Lifelines (n = 58 220), NQPlus (n = 1094) and Feel4Diabetes (n = 342) were prospectively analysed. Dose-response associations were investigated using restricted cubic spline analyses (Lifelines). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis with robust variance was used to quantify associations between intakes of SSB, fruit juices (FJ) and LNCB and MetS incidence; data were pooled using random-effects models. Associations were adjusted for demographic, lifestyle and other dietary factors. In Lifelines, NQPlus, and Feel4Diabetes, 3853 (7 %), 47 (4 %), and 39 (11 %) participants developed MetS, respectively. Pooled analyses showed that each additional serving of SSB was associated with a 6 % higher risk of MetS (95%CI 1.02–1.10). A J-shaped association was observed for FJ and MetS, with a significant inverse association at moderate intake levels (IPR 0.89, 95 % CI 0.82–0.96). LNCB intake was not associated with MetS (IPR 1.59, 95%CI 0.74–2.43), but findings across studies were inconsistent (I² 94 %, <em>p-value</em> &lt;0.01). Replacing SSB with FJ or LNCB did not show any associations with MetS incidence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SSB intake was adversely associated with MetS incidence. A J-shaped association was observed between FJ and MetS. For LNCB, results were inconsistent across studies and therefore findings must be interpreted cautiously.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103744"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental caries and adolescent cardiometabolic health from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)","authors":"Kristal Wong ,&nbsp;Srighana Nadella ,&nbsp;Mel Mupparapu ,&nbsp;Christine Sethna","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>To assess the association between dental caries and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>The analysis included adolescents aged 13–17 years enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2018 who completed an Oral Health Examination. Untreated caries was defined as having one or more decayed teeth. Caries experience was assessed by Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) score. Primary cardiometabolic outcomes included elevated BP (defined as BP 120–129/&lt;80 mmHg) and hypertensive BP (defined as BP ≥ 130/80 mmHg). Secondary cardiometabolic outcomes included obesity, dyslipidemia (defined as any abnormal lipid level), glucose intolerance (measured by HOMA-IR), and microalbuminuria (defined as urine albumin: creatinine ≥30 mg/mg). Adjusted linear and logistic models examined associations using complex survey design procedures.</div><div>In the sample of 2861 adolescents, 25.6 % (1.3 %) had untreated caries. 55.4 % (1.3 %) had DMFT ≥1. In adjusted regression analyses, untreated caries status was not significantly associated with primary outcomes of elevated BP (OR = 1.04, 95 % CI 0.71, 1.52 p &gt; 0.05), hypertensive BP (OR = 1.72, 95 % CI 0.71, 3.89 p &gt; 0.05), nor secondary cardiometabolic outcomes. No statistically significant associations were found between DMFT score and primary outcomes of elevated BP (OR = 0.01, 95 % CI 0.34, 1.07 p &gt; 0.05), hypertensive BP (OR = 0.91, 95 % CI 0.81, 1.08 p &gt; 0.05), or secondary cardiometabolic outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although studies in other countries and in adults show associations between caries and cardiometabolic outcomes, this study did not find an association between caries and cardiometabolic markers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103736"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The added value of an AI-based body composition analysis in a lung cancer screening population: preliminary results","authors":"Roberta Eufrasia Ledda ,&nbsp;Federica Sabia ,&nbsp;Camilla Valsecchi ,&nbsp;Paola Suatoni ,&nbsp;Gianluca Milanese ,&nbsp;Luigi Rolli ,&nbsp;Alfonso Vittorio Marchianò ,&nbsp;Ugo Pastorino","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Body composition has been linked with clinical and prognostic outcomes in patients with cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Body composition analysis in lung cancer screening (LCS) is very limited. This study aimed at assessing the association of subcutaneous fat volume (SFV) and subcutaneous fat density (SFD), measured on chest ultra-low dose computed tomography (ultra-LDCT) images by a fully automated artificial intelligence (AI)-based software, with clinical and anthropometric characteristics in a LCS population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>Demographic, clinical, and dietary data were obtained from the written questionnaire completed by each participant at the first visit, when anthropometric measurements, blood sample collection and chest ultra-LDCT were performed. Images were analyzed for automated 3D segmentation of subcutaneous fat and muscle.</div><div>The analysis included 938 volunteers (372 females); men with a smoking history of ≥40 pack-years had higher SFV (p = 0.0009), while former smokers had lower SFD (p = 0.0019). In female participants, SFV and SFD differed significantly according to age. SFV increased with rising BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and CRP levels ≥2 mg/L (p &lt; 0.0001), whereas SFD decreased with rising BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and CRP levels ≥2 mg/L (p &lt; 0.001) in both sexes. SFV was associated with glycemia and triglycerides levels (p = 0.0067 and p=&lt;0.0001 in males, p = 0.0074 and p &lt; 0.0001 in females, respectively), while SFD with triglycerides levels (p &lt; 0.0001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We observed different associations of SFV and SFD with age and smoking history between men and women, whereas the association with anthropometric data, CRP, glycemia and triglycerides levels was similar in the two sexes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141847765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of plasma arginine, homoarginine, and ADMA/SDMA levels with risk of ischemic stroke: A nested case-control study","authors":"Yingjun Mu ,&nbsp;Yiqing Wang ,&nbsp;Shujie Wang ,&nbsp;Xinyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Shujun Gu ,&nbsp;Hui Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Previous studies have linked aberrant nitric oxide (NO) metabolism with vascular diseases. Although arginine, homoarginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) are involved in NO metabolic pathways, their associations with ischemic stroke (IS) remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>We conducted a case-control study nested within the Prospective Follow-up Study on Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in China (PFS-CMMC) (2013–2018, n = 16,457; median follow-up time: 5.3 y), which included 321 incident cases of IS and 321 controls matched by age and sex. Plasma arginine, homoarginine, ADMA/SDMA were measured by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between the plasma metabolites and IS risk.</div><div>After adjustment for body mass index, educational attainment, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and family history of stroke, the OR of IS risk for the highest versus the lowest quartile was 2.46 (95% CI: 1.39–4.35, <em>P</em> trend = 0.004) for homoarginine and 2.22 (95% CI: 1.24–3.97, <em>P</em> trend = 0.003) for ADMA/SDMA. Spline regression analyses indicated positive dose-response relationships of homoarginine and ADMA/SDMA with the IS risk (both <em>P</em> for linearity &lt;0.05). No significant association was observed between plasma arginine and IS risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Elevated plasma levels of homoarginine and ADMA/SDMA were associated with a higher risk of IS. Our novel findings suggest a role of NO metabolism in the pathogenesis of IS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103711"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basal and post-stress ceramide-based risk score CERT1 predicts all-cause mortality and nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients with suspected or established coronary artery disease undergoing stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy","authors":"Alessandro Mantovani ,&nbsp;Agustin E. Molinero ,&nbsp;Stefano Bonapace ,&nbsp;Gianluigi Lunardi ,&nbsp;Matteo Salgarello ,&nbsp;Riccardo Morandin ,&nbsp;Francesca Moretta ,&nbsp;Antonio Conti ,&nbsp;Giulio Molon ,&nbsp;Reijo Laaksonen ,&nbsp;Christopher D. Byrne ,&nbsp;Giovanni Targher","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>We examined whether a plasma ceramide-based risk score (CERT1 score), a newly proposed tool for cardiovascular risk prediction, is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease (CAD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>We studied 167 ambulatory patients who consecutively underwent stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) for clinical reasons in 2017 (at baseline) and then followed for a median of 6 years (inter-quartile range: 4.7–6.6 years). For the calculation of the CERT1 score, both before and after stress MPS, we measured three specific plasma ceramide concentrations [Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0) and Cer(d18:1/24:1)] and their ratio to Cer(d18:1/24:0) using a targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay. The primary outcome of the study was a composite of all-cause mortality or nonfatal myocardial infarction. During a median of 6 years, a total of 50 events occurred (26 all-cause deaths and 24 nonfatal myocardial infarctions). There was a significant association between pre-stress CERT1 risk categories (high vs. low risk) at baseline and the risk of developing the primary composite outcome (unadjusted HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.02–3.14). This risk remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, smoking, diabetes, pre-existing CAD, left ventricular ejection fraction, and stress-induced inducible myocardial ischemia on MPS (adjusted HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.17–4.41, p = 0.015). Almost identical results were observed for post-stress CERT1 risk categories.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Pre-stress and post-stress CERT1 high-risk categories at baseline were strongly associated with an increased long-term risk of all-cause mortality or nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients with suspected or established CAD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103735"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of smoking status with carotid atherosclerosis: Mediated role of blood indexes and blood pressure","authors":"Wenzhen Li ,&nbsp;Dajie Chen ,&nbsp;Samuel Yeung-shan Wong ,&nbsp;Mei-Po Kwan ,&nbsp;Lap Ah Tse","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>We aimed to assess the relationship between smoking status and carotid atherosclerosis (CA) with different manifestations and to explore the underlying mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>A total of 60,655 middle-aged and elderly participants were recruited. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of smoking, various blood indexes [i.e., blood pressure, blood lipid, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and homocysteine (Hcy)] with CA in different manifestations including carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), plaques, and stenosis. Compared with nonsmokers, current smokers were associated with a higher prevalence of CA (OR = 3.48, 95%CI: 3.21–3.77) and its specific manifestations including cIMT (OR = 2.66, 95%CI: 2.42–2.93), plaques (OR = 3.67, 95%CI: 3.35–4.02) and stenosis (OR = 2.04, 95%CI: 1.64–2.54), after adjusting for potential confounders. Former smokers were also associated with an increased prevalence of CA (OR = 1.82, 95%CI: 1.54–2.14), cIMT (OR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.14–1.69), plaques (OR = 2.04, 95%CI: 1.71–2.44) and stenosis (OR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.18–2.51), but the associations were consistently weaker than that of the current smokers. The prevalence of CA, cIMT, plaques and stenosis among current smokers was positively associated with pack-years of cigarette smoking, partially mediated by SBP, HbA1c, TG, HDL-C and Hcy with a mediated proportion of 1.12%, 3.28%, 6.33%, 6.01% and 12.7%, respectively. Stratified analysis by sex showed a significantly higher CA among the current male smokers than females.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Current and former smoking was associated with increased carotid atherosclerosis, predominantly by current male smokers. A positive gradient between pack-years and carotid atherosclerosis among current smokers is partially mediated by SBP, HbA1c, TG, HDL-C and Hcy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103709"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}