Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Consumption of plant sterols-enriched soy milk with a healthy dietary pattern diet lowers blood pressure in adults with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Yujing Xu ,&nbsp;Clarinda Nataria Sutanto ,&nbsp;Xuejuan Xia ,&nbsp;Darel Wee Kiat Toh ,&nbsp;Alicia Xinli Gan ,&nbsp;Qiyun Deng ,&nbsp;Lieng Hsi Ling ,&nbsp;Chin Meng Khoo ,&nbsp;Roger Sik-Yin Foo ,&nbsp;Jung Eun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.10.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Plant sterols (PS) have been shown to lower blood lipid-lipoproteins concentrations and may serve as a potential functional ingredient for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk management. However, there are limited studies examining this effect in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of PS-enriched food consumption as part of a healthy dietary pattern (HDP) on blood pressure and endothelial function in Singaporean adults with MetS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>This was a 12-week, crossover, randomized controlled trial with a 4-week washout period. Thirteen subjects were instructed to consume an HDP diet either with normal soy milk (control group) or with PS (2 g/day)-enriched soy milk (PS group) for 4 weeks. Blood lipid-lipoproteins and glucose concentrations, blood pressure, and endothelial function-related indicators (flow-mediated dilation, total plasma nitrate/nitrite and endothelin-1, circulating endothelial progenitor cells) were assessed before and after the intervention. Systolic blood pressure [mean change, PS group: -4.0 ± 3.7 mmHg; control group: 5.9 ± 2.5 mmHg (<em>P</em>_{<em>Interaction</em>} = 0.01)] and long-term CVD risk [mean change, PS group: -0.2 ± 1.0 %; control group: 2.7 ± 1.3 % (<em>P</em>_{<em>Interaction</em>} = 0.03)] decreased following PS consumption. No changes were observed in the other endothelial function-related outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Consumption of PS-enriched food with an HDP diet may lower blood pressure and long-term CVD risk in adults with MetS.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registration</h3><div>NCT03723330, <span><span>https://clinicaltrials.gov/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 103773"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Linear associations of Chinese visceral adiposity index and its change with hyperuricemia: A prospective cohort study”","authors":"Hua Zhao,&nbsp;Jiayue Xu,&nbsp;Yuejun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 103769"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between cumulative intake of sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened beverages and progression of coronary calcification: Insights from the CARDIA study","authors":"Lingqu Zhou ,&nbsp;Qi Guo ,&nbsp;Junjie Wang ,&nbsp;Zirui Zhou ,&nbsp;Yinyin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>This study investigates the relationship between the cumulative intake of artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) during young adulthood and the progression of coronary artery calcium (CAC) by midlife, using data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>We included 2,466 participants with CAC measurement via computed tomography at the 15th, 20th, and 25th year follow-ups. Dietary intake was assessed using the CARDIA Diet History at baseline and years 7. Cumulative average beverage intake was calculated and categorized. Multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, and cardiovascular risk factors assessed associations between beverages consumption and CAC progression. Among the included participants, 1107 (44.9 %) were male, 1439 (58.4 %) were white, and the average age was 40.4 years with a standard deviation of 3.5 years. Over a 9.2±1.8-year follow-up, CAC progression was recorded in 715 participants. Higher cumulative ASBs intake was associated with increased CAC progression risk, with hazard ratios (95%CI, <em>P</em>-value) for low and high ASBs consumption being 1.35 (1.14, 1.60; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and 1.54 (1.15, 2.07; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) compared to non-consumers. Participants consuming &gt;2 servings/day of SSBs had a 37 % higher CAC progression risk (HR 1.37, 95 % CI 1.14–1.64, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). However, no significant association was found between SSB consumption and CAC progression after adjusting for confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Prolonged consumption of beverages, especially ASBs, in young adults is linked to an increased risk of CAC progression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"34 12","pages":"Pages 2807-2816"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated concurrent carotid atherosclerosis rates in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) compared to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A cross-sectional observational study","authors":"Nien-Ting Chung ,&nbsp;Chiann-Yi Hsu ,&nbsp;Nai-Chen Shih ,&nbsp;Jia-Jyun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been recognized as an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Recently, there has been a shift towards diagnosing metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), offering simplified criteria and improved risk assessment. However, the association between MAFLD and carotid atherosclerosis remains poorly understood.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>The study analyzed the association of concurrent carotid atherosclerosis between NAFLD and MAFLD patients with a retrospective cohort design. The study enrolled participants who underwent abdominal and carotid artery ultrasounds from a medical center in Taiwan. NAFLD and MAFLD were diagnosed based on imaging and specific criteria. Associations between NAFLD, MAFLD, and carotid atherosclerosis were analyzed using logistic regression.</div><div>Among 11,194 participants, 57.1 % were diagnosed with fatty liver disease, among which the NAFLD-MAFLD group comprised 4689 individuals, with 900 in the NAFLD-only group and 669 in the MAFLD-only group. Significant demographic and clinical differences were observed between groups. Logistic regression showed that the MAFLD-NAFLD group and MAFLD-only group had significantly higher odds of concomitant carotid atherosclerosis. Among MAFLD patients, 65.5 % had concurrent carotid arteriosclerosis with an odds ratio of 2.35 compared to non-MAFLD patients. The odds ratios for variables in MAFLD patients, such as diabetes mellitus, Fibrosis-4(FIB-4), number of FIB-4 &gt; 1.3, and number of NAFLD fibrosis score &gt; −1.455 were all greater than 2.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MAFLD is associated with a higher prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis, compared to NAFLD. This suggests that MAFLD may serve as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 103767"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Fibrosis-4 index predicts all-cause mortality in a cohort of patients at high cardiovascular risk partly through glomerular filtration rate reduction","authors":"Antonio Mirijello ,&nbsp;Gabriella Pacilli ,&nbsp;Antonio Siena ,&nbsp;Antonio Mangiacotti ,&nbsp;Maria Maddalena D'Errico ,&nbsp;Daria Dilalla ,&nbsp;Olga Lamacchia ,&nbsp;Andrea Fontana ,&nbsp;Massimiliano Copetti ,&nbsp;Pamela Piscitelli ,&nbsp;Giovanni Targher ,&nbsp;Salvatore A. De Cosmo","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index is a widely used test for non-invasively assessing liver fibrosis. We aimed to investigate the association between FIB-4 index and risk of all-cause mortality in patients at high cardiovascular (CV) risk and to determine whether coexisting renal dysfunction mediates this association.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>Single-center prospective study of 994 patients with established or suspected coronary artery disease undergoing coronary angiography, followed for a median of 44 months. Mortality data were obtained through the Italian Health Card Database. At baseline, the median FIB-4 index was greater in deceased vs. alive patients (1.71 vs. 1.38, p &lt; 0.001) and in those with reduced eGFR than in those with normal eGFR (1.65 vs. 1.37, p &lt; 0.001). For each unit increase in the baseline log-FIB-4 index, the risk of all-cause mortality sharply increased during the follow-up (hazard ratio [HR] 2.31, 95%CI 1.31–4.08, p = 0.004). Similarly, assuming the lowest baseline FIB-4 risk category as the reference, the risk of all-cause mortality progressively increased across the indeterminate (HR 1.82, 95%CI 1.18–2.82, p = 0.007) and the highest baseline FIB-4 risk categories (HR 2.33, 95%CI 1.37–3.97; p = 0.002). A causal mediation analysis showed that about one-third of the effect of FIB-4 index on mortality risk was mediated by reduced eGFR (32.8 %, p = 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Increased FIB-4 index predicts the long-term risk of all-cause mortality in patients at high CV risk, and this risk is, at least in part, mediated by reduced eGFR. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 103768"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between Naples Prognostic Score and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population with metabolic syndrome: A cohort study","authors":"Zhongying Chen,&nbsp;Zhe Chen,&nbsp;Yuqi Zhong,&nbsp;Qizeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>The Naples prognostic score (NPS) is a recognized inflammatory and nutritional scoring system used as a prognostic indicator in various cancers and, more recently, in non-cancer diseases. Its association with mortality in individuals with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is understudied. This study aims to investigate the link between NPS and both all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in adults with MetS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>This study included individuals with MetS from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2016. Mortality data were linked to National Death Index records up to December 31, 2019. MetS was defined using NCEP ATP III criteria. NPS was calculated using serum albumin, total cholesterol, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, classifying participants into three groups. Survival differences were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log-rank tests. Cox proportional hazards regression determined hazard ratios (HR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI). The study included 13,757 participants, with 2744 (19.95 %) in the low group, 9140 (66.44 %) in the medium group, and 1873 (13.61 %) in the high group. Over a median follow-up of 9.16 years, there were 3292 all-cause deaths and 1136 cardiovascular deaths. Compared to the low group, the high group had adjusted HRs of 1.74 (95 % CI: 1.51, 2.01) for all-cause mortality and 1.60 (95 % CI: 1.25, 2.04) for cardiovascular mortality (all <em>P</em> for trend &lt;0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>NPS is a significant prognostic indicator for both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with MetS, showing a positive correlation with mortality risk, reinforcing its potential clinical utility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 103764"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The triglyceride-glucose index: A valuable tool for uncovering the hidden connection between metabolic diseases and arterial ageing","authors":"Giacomo Pucci ,&nbsp;Riccardo Alcidi ,&nbsp;Rosa Curcio","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 103766"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating β-hydroxybutyrate levels are associated with major adverse clinical events in patients with acute myocardial infarction","authors":"Yining Dai ,&nbsp;Lixin Xie ,&nbsp;Yeshen Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu He ,&nbsp;Haobin Liu ,&nbsp;Siyu Kong ,&nbsp;Weikun Chen ,&nbsp;Hailing Li ,&nbsp;Yuling Zhan ,&nbsp;Ning Tan ,&nbsp;Chongyang Duan ,&nbsp;Pengcheng He ,&nbsp;Yuanhui Liu ,&nbsp;Ling Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Acute myocardial infarction is associated with high mortality, and effective biomarkers are required for the risk stratification. In cardiovascular diseases, circulating levels of ketone bodies (KB) such as β-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB) and acetoacetate are altered. However, the relationship between circulating KB levels and major adverse clinical events (MACE) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>Patients with STEMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between January 2010 to June 2020 were enrolled, and divided into T1 (&lt;0.09 mmol/L, n = 219), T2 (0.09–0.28 mmol/L, n = 202), and T3 (&gt;0.28 mmol/L, n = 211) tertiles according to the circulating β-OHB levels within 24 h of admission. The primary endpoint was in-hospital MACE.</div><div>The incidence of in-hospital MACE in the T3 group (20.9 %) was significantly higher than in the T1 group (10.5 %) and T2 group (14.9 %) (<em>P</em> = 0.012). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that elevated circulating β-OHB levels were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and MACE during hospitalization (OR = 1.38, 95 % CI = 1.08–1.77, <em>P</em> = 0.009). During follow-up period, multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that elevated circulating β-OHB levels were associated with higher all-cause mortality and MACE (HR = 1.35, 95 % CI = 1.17–1.56, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The impact of β-OHB on MACE were similar for all the subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Elevated circulating β-OHB levels within 24 h of admission were associated with an increased risk of MACE in patients with STEMI undergoing PCI, and could be a promising prognosis biomarker.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 103762"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of iron deficiency on prognosis in stroke and non-stroke populations: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Qinhong Wang ,&nbsp;Wenqiang Han ,&nbsp;Tianyu Wang ,&nbsp;Haonan Deng ,&nbsp;Jingquan Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Iron deficiency (ID) leads to a significant global health burden, but research on the impact of ID on the prognosis of stroke patients is rare. We aim to investigate the impact of ID on the all-cause mortality of both the stroke and non-stroke individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 1999 to 2002. The follow-up period for the participants extended until December 31, 2019. Overall, 7239 participants were enrolled, out of which 200 had a history of stroke. There was no difference in the prevalence of ID (ferritin &lt;100 ng/mL or serum ferritin concentration 100–299 ng/mL with transferrin saturation (TSAT) &lt; 20 %) between stroke and non-stroke individuals (68 % vs 65 %, P = 0.5) even after propensity score matching (68 % vs 63 %, P = 0.5). In stroke survivors, ID was found to be associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality over a 5-year period (HR: 4.16, 95 % CI: 1.54–11.3, P = 0.005). Additionally, there was no link between ID and all-cause mortality in individuals without stroke. Moreover, we did not observe a significant association between dietary iron, total folate, and ID in stroke patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Stroke survivors with low serum ferritin levels have an increased risk of 5-year all-cause mortality. Health care providers should consider screening for ID among individuals with a history of stroke. Future clinical trials examining the effects of iron therapy on patients with stroke and coexisting ID are warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 103759"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver fat response to two days fasting and two days isocaloric high-carbohydrate refeeding in lean and obese women","authors":"Petr Šedivý ,&nbsp;Tereza Dusilová ,&nbsp;Bára Šetinová ,&nbsp;Dita Pajuelo ,&nbsp;Milan Hájek ,&nbsp;Lenka Rossmeislová ,&nbsp;Michaela Šiklová ,&nbsp;Veronika Šrámková ,&nbsp;Eva Krauzová ,&nbsp;Jan Gojda ,&nbsp;Michal Koc ,&nbsp;Monika Dezortová ,&nbsp;Jan Kovář","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Prolonged fasting, which leads to the mobilization of fat from adipose tissue, can result in the development of hepatosteatosis. However, it is not yet known whether the accumulation of fat in the liver after fasting can be affected by concurrent obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to assess how excessive adiposity influences changes in liver fat content induced by fasting and subsequent refeeding.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>Ten lean women and eleven women with obesity (age: 36.4 ± 7.9 and 34.5 ± 7.9 years, BMI: 21.4 ± 1.7 and 34.5 ± 4.8 kg/m²) underwent a 60-h fasting period followed by 2 days of isocaloric high-carbohydrate refeeding. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) examinations of liver were conducted at baseline, after 48 h of fasting, and at the end of refeeding period. Hepatic fat content (HFC) increased in lean women after fasting, whereas no statistically significant change in HFC was observed in women with obesity. Additionally, fasting led to significant reductions in liver volume in both groups, likely attributable to glycogen depletion, with subsequent restoration upon refeeding. Notably, changes in hepatic fat volume (HFV) rather than HFC inversely correlated with baseline liver fat content and HOMA-IR.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We demonstrated that prolonged fasting results in accumulation of fat in the liver in lean subjects only and that this accumulation is inversely related to baseline fat content and insulin resistance. Moreover, the study underscored the importance of evaluating hepatic fat volume rather than hepatic fat content in studies that involve considerable changes in hepatic lean volume.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"34 12","pages":"Pages 2690-2695"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}