Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Cardiometabolic phenotype linked to fibrosis and mortality in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","authors":"Rui Dong ,&nbsp;Ting Tian ,&nbsp;Zhenghan Luo ,&nbsp;Dongchun Chang ,&nbsp;Hong Xue ,&nbsp;Sen Qu ,&nbsp;Jia Wang ,&nbsp;Chao Shen ,&nbsp;Ru Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.103797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.103797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) often manifest a combination of cardiometabolic risk factors of varying severity. The cardiometabolic phenotypes and their associations with advanced liver fibrosis and all-cause mortality among patients with MASLD warrant further investigation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>A total of 4209 and 1901 eligible participants were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and included in the original and replication datasets, respectively. In the original dataset, three distinct and stable cardiometabolic phenotypes were identified using unsupervised cluster analyses, including mild cardiometabolic risk factor (MCMRF) phenotype, overweight combined with high diastolic blood pressure dominated (OCHBP) phenotype, and severe glucose and lipid metabolic dysfunction dominated (SGLMD) phenotype. The above phenotypes were subsequently replicated in the replication dataset, demonstrating similar characteristics. After adjusting for potential covariates, the results of logistic and Cox regression models showed that OCHBP and SGLMD phenotypes were significantly associated with higher odds of advanced liver fibrosis (OCHBP: OR = 4.37, 95 % CI: 1.54–12.35, <em>P</em> = 0.020; SGLMD: OR = 9.66, 95 % CI: 4.76–19.61, <em>P</em> = 0.002) and an increased risk of all-cause mortality (OCHBP: HR = 1.39, 95 % CI: 1.17–1.65, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001; SGLMD: HR = 2.51, 95 % CI: 1.86–3.40, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) compared to the MCMRF phenotype. Moreover, the observed associations remained statistically significant in most subgroups, and a series of sensitivity analyses further confirmed the robustness of these findings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Three heterogeneous cardiometabolic phenotypes were identified among participants with MASLD, showing significant associations with two critical outcomes. These novel phenotypes may be of great importance to precision medicine in MASLD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 3","pages":"Article 103797"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperuricemia, A new cardiovascular risk","authors":"Masanari Kuwabara ,&nbsp;Ichiro Hisatome ,&nbsp;Ryusuke Ae ,&nbsp;Koki Kosami ,&nbsp;Yuhei Aoki ,&nbsp;Ana Andres-Hernando ,&nbsp;Mehmet Kanbay ,&nbsp;Miguel A. Lanaspa","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.103796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.103796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Hyperuricemia is strongly linked to increased cardiovascular risk, including hypertension, coronary artery disease, arrythmia, and heart failure. Uric acid, as the end-product of purine metabolism, plays a critical role in cellular processes, but elevated levels can drive inflammation and oxidative stress. This review aims to emphasize the robust association between hyperuricemia and cardiovascular diseases, exploring whether uric acid-lowering therapies can mitigate cardiovascular events and improve patient outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>A comprehensive review of PubMed sources was conducted, underscoring the significant link between high uric acid levels and cardiovascular events, particularly in patients with gout. Gender differences were observed, where premenopausal women have lower uric acid levels, likely due to hormonal effects, suggesting the potential need for gender-specific definitions in assessing cardiovascular risk. Epidemiological studies demonstrate a consistent correlation between hyperuricemia and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, interventional trials using xanthine oxidase inhibitors, such as allopurinol and febuxostat, have shown mixed results regarding their impact on reducing cardiovascular events. Additionally, emerging evidence suggests a \"xanthine oxidase withdrawal syndrome\" upon discontinuation of these therapies, highlighting the need for cautious management.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The strong association between elevated uric acid levels and cardiovascular diseases is well-documented. While lowering uric acid shows potential for reducing cardiovascular risk, current evidence from interventional trials remains inconclusive. Future research should focus on patient-specific therapeutic strategies, particularly for those at high cardiovascular risk with hyperuricemia and/or gout, to better define the benefits of targeted treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 3","pages":"Article 103796"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific optimal cut-off points for metabolic health indicators to predict incident type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Zailing Xing, Mianli Xiao, Douglas D Schocken, Janice C Zgibor, Amy C Alman","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>We aimed to determine the optimal cut-off points for metabolic health indicators, including insulin resistance (IR), glucose, insulin, BMI, and waist circumference, in middle-aged nondiabetic people to predict future type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>The data came from 12,543 Atherosclerosis Risk Communities Study participants, including 5758 men and 6785 women. They did not have diabetes at baseline and were followed for incident T2DM within 3, 6, and 9 years. IR was estimated using four IR metrics: HOMA-IR, METS-IR, TyG index, and TG/HDL-C. We used the Youden index to determine the optimal cut-off values. In females, the cut-off points for glucose to predict incident T2DM ranged from 96 to 102 mg/dL, with Area Under the Curve (AUC) values of 0.64-0.85. In males, the cut-off points ranged from 102 to 106 mg/dL, with AUC values of 0.60-0.83. For HOMA-IR, the cut-off points in females varied from 2.4 to 3.2, with AUC values of 0.69-0.78, while they ranged from 2.8 to 3.2 in males. The optimal cut-off values for METS-IR, TyG index, TG/HDL-C, insulin, BMI, and waist circumference were 40-43, 8.6-8.9, 2.0-3.2, 9-15 μU/mL, 28-29 kg/m², and 91-97 cm in women, and 44-45, 8.8-8.9, 2.9-3.2, 11-12 μU/mL, 27-29 kg/m², and 99-103 cm in men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The optimal threshold for each predictor's prediction of incident T2DM varied by sex. The eight predictors' order of predictive performance were fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, METS-IR, insulin, BMI, waist circumference, TyG index, and TG/HDL-C.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103963"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of cardiometabolic risk factors for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease on mortality.","authors":"Jung-Hwan Kim, Yaeji Lee, Chung-Mo Nam, Yu-Jin Kwon, Ji-Won Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a potential independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD)-associated and all-cause mortalities as they share common risk factors. We investigated the association between cardiometabolic risk factors for MASLD and CVD-associated and all-cause mortality risks in middle-aged and older Korean adults.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>We used data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, a population-based prospective cohort study. Five cardiometabolic risk factors were assessed. MASLD was defined as liver steatosis with a fatty liver index (FLI) ≥60 and at least one cardiometabolic risk factor. The non-MASLD group included individuals with a FLI <60 or FLI ≥60 without cardiometabolic risk factors. The primary outcomes were CVD-associated and all-cause mortalities. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between cardiometabolic risk factors for MASLD and mortalities, adjusting for covariates. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that the MASLD group had increased CVD-associated and all-cause mortality risks compared to the non-MASLD group. The presence of three or more and one or more cardiometabolic risk factors significantly increased the CVD-associated and all-cause mortality rate, respectively. The combination of hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and high glucose concentrations significantly increased both CVD-associated (hazard ratio [HR] 3.64; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.44-9.22; p = 0.006) and all-cause (HR 4.57; 95 % CI: 1.74-12.05; p = 0.002) mortality risks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cardiometabolic risk factors for MASLD are strongly associated with higher CVD-associated and all-cause mortality risks, highlighting the need to manage hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-C, and high glucose concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103965"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin E ameliorates blood cholesterol level and alters gut microbiota composition: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Bangwei Chen, Yaxin Li, Zhiming Li, Xiaojie Hu, Hefu Zhen, Hongyun Chen, Chao Nie, Yong Hou, Shida Zhu, Liang Xiao, Tao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Antioxidants, including vitamin E (VE) and grape seed extract (GSE), as anti-aging supplementation have been widely used to improve human health. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in health and affects the treatment effect of various interventions. However, the role of gut microbiota in VE remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the longitudinal impact of VE treatment on body health and the gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 90 healthy individuals. The participants were randomly assigned to three groups: a treatment group receiving VE, another antioxidant treatment group receiving GSE, and a control group receiving a placebo. We found that VE ameliorated blood cholesterol levels by reducing the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in healthy volunteers. After the intervention, there was an increase in the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria and bile acid metabolizers. Specifically, the abundances of Lachnospira sp. and Faecalibacterium spp. increased in the VE. Interestingly, the gut microbiota of poor responders harbored a greater proportion of disease-associated bacterial species.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VE could promote health by lowering LDL-C, partly and indirectly by affecting gut bacteria with the ability to produce SCFAs or metabolize bile acids.</p><p><strong>Registration number for clinical trials: </strong>The clinical trial was registered on August 28, 2021. Registration number was ChiCTR2100050567 (https://www.chictr.org.cn).</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103964"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of 12-week fitness walking programme on sex hormone levels and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women: A pilot study.","authors":"Jin Li, Peizhen Zhang, Lumeng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Postmenopausal women are at a heightened risk of developing metabolic syndrome and therefore require targeted interventions. This study investigated the effects of a 12-week fitness walking (FW) programme on risk factors for metabolic syndrome and sex hormone levels in postmenopausal women. Our study hypothesised that FW would reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome in this population, with correlated changes in sex hormone levels.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to FW (n = 15, age: 60.87 ± 5.73 years, body mass index (BMI): 23.58 ± 2.88 kg m^-2) or control (CON) groups (n = 15, age: 60.40 ± 3.79 years, BMI: 24.97 ± 3.07 kg m^-2). The FW group engaged in a 12-week FW programme (60 min/session, five times/week, 50%-60 % VO₂max, aerobic training). The CON group maintained their usual lifestyle. After the intervention, the FW group exhibited decreased levels of triglycerides (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP, P = 0.009) and waist circumference (WC), and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, P = 0.001). The CON group demonstrated increased TG (P = 0.001), FBG, SBP, DBP and WC, and decreased HDL-C. Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was negatively correlated with TG and SBP in the CON group pre- and post-intervention. Among all participants, there was a significant negative correlation between SHBG and TG, BMI, and WC pre-intervention; only TG remained significantly correlated with SHBG post-intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A 12-week FW training programme effectively controlled metabolic syndrome risk factors in postmenopausal women, and a significant relationship between metabolic syndrome risk factors and sex hormone levels was observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103935"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-carbohydrate diet enriched with omega-3 and omega-9 fatty acids modulates inflammation and lipid metabolism in the liver and white adipose tissue of a mouse model of obesity.","authors":"Aline Boveto Santamarina, Renata Guimarães Moreira, Laís Vales Mennitti, Yasmin Alaby Martins Ferreira, Andrea Jucá, Carla Máximo Prado, Luciana Pellegrini Pisani","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The low-carbohydrate high-fat (LCHF) diet lipids are often overlooked for obesity management. We hypothesized that unsaturated lipids enhance fatty acid metabolism, and influence obesity-related metainflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Male Swiss mice were fed an obesity-inducing diet for ten weeks. Subsequently, the obese mice were divided into four groups, each receiving a LCHF diet enriched with different types of lipids: saturated fatty acids (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ω-3, PUFA ω-6, and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) ω-9 during six weeks as an obesity intervention. For comparison, a lean control (CTL) group and an obesity control (HFC) group were also included, spanning the entire 16-week experimental protocol. We evaluated body mass gain, fatty acid profiles via gas chromatography, elongase, and desaturase activities, NFκBp65 expression by western blotting, and cytokine by ELISA kits in serum, liver, and retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RET) samples. Our results highlight that ω-3 and ω-9 LCHF diets facilitate weight loss and enhance unsaturated fatty acid incorporation in liver, RET, and serum compared to the other groups. The ω-3 LCHF diet notably reduced the ω-6/ω-3 ratio and improved inflammatory status by reducing cytokines such as IL-4, IL-17, IL-33, CXCL1/KC, and inhibiting NFκBp65 activity compared to the HFC group. Desaturase (delta-9 desaturase-18, delta-6 desaturase) and elongase (ELOVL5 and ELOVL6) activities were modulated in liver, RET, and serum samples by ω-3 and ω-9 compared to the HFC group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ω-3 and ω-9 fats were most effective in obesity treatment with the LCHF diet, highlighting the significance of lipid type in carbohydrate-restriction for obesity management.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103932"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical validation of a food frequency questionnaire measuring immune modulating nutrient intake in patients with peripheral arterial disease.","authors":"Nicole C Nayda, Christopher L Delaney, Jolene M Thomas, Michelle D Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a cardiovascular disease affecting approximately 6 % of the population. The condition is associated with claudication, non-healing ischemic ulceration, and a systemic pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative state. Recently, nutrition therapy is exploring immunonutrition as a novel dietary strategy to reduce the progression of atherosclerosis. A 21-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) has been developed and previously validated in the PAD population against a dietitian collected seven-day diet history method showing good agreement. The aim of this study was to determine whether the FFQ accurately predicts serum levels of six routinely analysed immune-modulating nutrients (vitamins A, C, D, and E, zinc, iron).</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Dietary intake measured by the validated FFQ was compared to fasting serum blood levels of their respective biomarkers. Correlation coefficients and quartile agreements were performed to determine the relationship between dietary intake and serum levels. The mean age of participants (n = 100) was 75 years with 76 % being male. Correlation coefficients and quartile agreements indicated poor agreement between intake measured by FFQ and serum biomarkers and were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that intake measured by the FFQ is not an accurate reflection of serum levels of these immune-modulating nutrients in this population, possibly due to endogenous physiological processes specific to PAD. Further research into the utilisation of nutrients is warranted to inform dietary recommendations in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103934"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediterranean diet: Why a new pyramid? An updated representation of the traditional Mediterranean diet by the Italian Society of Human Nutrition (SINU).","authors":"Francesco Sofi, Daniela Martini, Donato Angelino, Giulia Cairella, Angelo Campanozzi, Francesca Danesi, Monica Dinu, Daniela Erba, Licia Iacoviello, Nicoletta Pellegrini, Laura Rossi, Salvatore Vaccaro, Anna Tagliabue, Pasquale Strazzullo","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent decades, an increasing body of research has highlighted significant scientific evidence linking adherence to the Mediterranean diet with a reduced risk of chronic diseases. Simultaneously, concerns about the environmental impact of the food system have intensified, particularly considering projected population growth in the coming years. This work introduces a new graphical representation of the traditional Mediterranean dietary model, developed by a dedicated Working Group of the Italian Society of Human Nutrition (SINU). This new model emphasizes plant-based foods, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and extra-virgin olive oil, at its foundation, reflecting their historical and scientific significance in the Mediterranean diet. Animal products, particularly red and processed meats, are de-emphasized, with dairy, white meats, and eggs recommended for moderate, weekly consumption. The pyramid also advocates limiting added sugars, salt, and alcohol to address their links with chronic diseases. Sustainability principles are woven into the framework, prioritizing local, seasonal, and minimally processed foods while discouraging food waste. The pyramid aligns with global recommendations from FAO and WHO, offering a comprehensive guide to adopting a healthy, sustainable dietary lifestyle while preserving cultural traditions and addressing contemporary nutritional and environmental challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103919"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between estimated cardiorespiratory fitness trajectory and stroke and its subtypes: A prospective cohort study.","authors":"Hui Luo, Shuohua Chen, Xue Tian, Zemeng Zhao, Lili Luo, Shouling Wu, Yanxia Luo, Anxin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>The association between estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF) and stroke is ethnically heterogeneous, and conclusions are inconsistent among different stroke subtypes. The aim was to examine the relationship between eCRF trajectory and stroke and its subtypes in the Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>37,881 participants from the Kailuan Study (2006-2021) who underwent three waves survey and were free of cancer and stroke before or during 2010 were included in this study. The main outcome was stroke, involving ischemic stroke (IS) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The relationships were assessed using the Cox proportional hazard model. Three distinct eCRF trajectories were identified during 2006-2010: low, moderate, and high. A total of 2150 stroke events, including 1944 cases of IS and 231 cases of ICH, were reported during a median follow-up of 11.04 (interquartile range: 10.65-11.33) years. Compared to the low eCRF trajectory group, participants in the high eCRF trajectory group were associated with a 31 % lower risk of stroke (hazard ratio [HR] [95 % CI], 0.69 [0.60-0.81]), a 30 % lower risk of IS (0.70 [0.59-0.82]), and a 43 % lower risk of ICH (0.57 [0.36-0.91]). Notably, the association between the high eCRF trajectory and IS (P_interaction = 0.0270) was stronger among women than men.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A long-term high eCRF level is associated with a decreased risk of stroke, especially ICH. Therefore, achieving or sustaining a high eCRF level over time could be a beneficial strategy for decreasing the risk of stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103923"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}