Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases最新文献

{"title":"High atherogenic index of plasma increased the risk of new-onset hypertension","authors":"Zhong-Yuan Meng ,&nbsp;Sen-Hu Tang ,&nbsp;Lan-Xian Mai ,&nbsp;Chuang-Hong Lu ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Jia-Ping Li ,&nbsp;Sheng-Lin Xian ,&nbsp;Zhi-Yu Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), calculated as log10 (triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG/HDL-C), has been proposed as a reliable marker for evaluating lipid-related atherosclerotic risk. However, the association between AIP and new-onset hypertension (HTN) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between AIP and new-onset HTN and to explore the potential mediating role of body mass index (BMI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>This prospective cohort study included adult participants without HTN at baseline who were enrolled from a large community-based health screening program between 2014 and 2023. Baseline clinical characteristics, anthropometric parameters, and biochemical indices were collected. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was used to determine the inflection point of AIP for grouping participants into low- and high-AIP categories. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance baseline confounders between groups. The cumulative incidence of HTN was compared using cumulative risk curves and log-rank tests. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were employed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Mediation analysis was performed to assess whether BMI mediated the relationship between AIP and new-onset HTN. The results showed participants with higher baseline or cumulative AIP values had a significantly higher risk of developing HTN (log-rank p &lt; 0.001). After multivariable adjustment, individuals in the high-AIP group exhibited an elevated risk of new-onset HTN (HR = 1.42, 95 % CI 1.25–1.61, p &lt; 0.001) compared with those in the low-AIP group. BMI partially mediated the association between AIP and HTN, accounting for approximately 5.76 % of the total effect (p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A high AIP increased the risk of new HTN. BMI potentially mediated the association between the AIP and new-onset HTN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145901626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body roundness index and cardiometabolic multimorbidity: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing","authors":"Setor K. Kunutsor ,&nbsp;Atanu Bhattacharjee ,&nbsp;Sae Young Jae ,&nbsp;Jari A. Laukkanen","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Evidence on the association of Body Roundness Index (BRI), an anthropometric indicator of body fat and visceral adiposity, with cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) remains limited. This study aimed to compare the associations and predictive utilities of BRI and body mass index (BMI) for CMM.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>We analyzed data from 3348 adults (mean age 63 years; 45.1 % male) in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, free of major cardiometabolic conditions at baseline (2008–2009). BRI was derived from height and waist circumference. CMM was defined as having ≥2 of the following by 2021–2023: hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or stroke. Multivariable odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. During 12–15 years of follow-up, 197 participants (5.9 %) developed CMM. Both BRI and BMI showed linear dose–response relationships with CMM risk (<em>p</em> for nonlinearity &gt;0.05). Higher BRI was associated with increased odds of CMM (per 1-SD: OR 1.33, 95 % CI 1.17–1.53; top vs bottom tertile: OR 1.89, 95 % CI 1.23–2.90), with similar findings for BMI. Adding BRI to conventional risk models modestly improved discrimination (ΔC-index = 0.0082, <em>p</em> = .26) and significantly improved model fit (<em>p</em> &lt; .001). Gains for BMI were smaller (ΔC-index = 0.0049, <em>p</em> = .46), with BRI offering a slightly greater improvement in predictive performance (Δ = 0.0033, <em>p</em> = .40).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Both BRI and BMI were independently and linearly associated with an increased risk of CMM. BRI showed slightly stronger predictive performance than BMI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of machine learning for sex-specific risk prediction of coronary artery calcification","authors":"Mohamad Jamalinia ,&nbsp;Giovanni Targher ,&nbsp;Amedeo Lonardo ,&nbsp;Seyed Taghi Heydari ,&nbsp;Kamran Bagheri Lankarani","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Sex-related differences in coronary artery calcium (CAC) burden and risk are well known but often ignored in traditional models. We aimed to determine whether sex-specific machine learning (ML) improves CAC risk prediction using routine clinical data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>In this cross-sectional study, adults (n = 446) referred for coronary computed tomography angiography were included. The data were subdivided into training (127 men, 185 women) and test (55 men, 79 women) sets. Eight ML classifiers were trained on the overall training dataset and separately for men and women to predict CAC presence (0 vs. &gt;0), severity (0, 1–99, ≥100), and distribution (0, 1-vessel, ≥2-vessel). Algorithm performance was assessed on the unseen test set. CAC was present in 44.2 % of participants, with 17.4 % having CAC≥100 and 23.3 % having multivessel involvement (≥2 vessels). Sex-specific ML improved CAC prediction performance. For CAC presence, top-performing models achieved AUC/F1-scores of 0.690/0.618 overall, 0.799/0.776 in men, and 0.679/0.594 in women. For CAC severity, results were 0.692/0.532 overall, 0.731/0.584 in men, and 0.748/0.562 in women. For CAC distribution, AUC/F1-scores were 0.694/0.596 overall, 0.696/0.551 in men, and 0.738/0.615 in women. Threshold analysis in binary CAC classification (0 vs. &gt;0) showed reasonable rule-out performance in both sexes, while rule-in performance was acceptable only in men. Feature importance rankings showed significant differences between sexes, reflecting sex-specific learning patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Sex-specific ML improved CAC risk prediction, highlighting algorithmic sex-related differences in cardiovascular risk assessment. These findings support the development of sex-specific cardiovascular risk equations to enhance personalized care and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146221833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic impact of insulin resistance and hepatic fibrosis on cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease: A machine learning subtyping and interaction analysis","authors":"Zhihao Zheng ,&nbsp;Wanqing Sun ,&nbsp;Han Xu ,&nbsp;Yanjun Song ,&nbsp;Jining He ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Bian ,&nbsp;Bowen Li ,&nbsp;Chenxi Song ,&nbsp;Rui Fu ,&nbsp;Kefei Dou","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Insulin resistance (IR) and hepatic fibrosis are significant yet underexplored synergistic risk factors for cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease (CAD). We investigated the interaction between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and liver fibrosis scores (FIB-4, BARD) for risk prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>Within a prospective cohort of 14,660 CAD patients, we performed a data-driven phenotypic stratification using K-means clustering—an unsupervised machine learning algorithm—to deconvolute heterogeneous metabolic profiles. Subsequently, Cox regression models were employed to evaluate associations of these phenotypes, along with continuous and tertiled TyG, FIB-4, and BARD scores, with incident cardiovascular events (a composite of cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or stroke). The analysis identified three mechanistically distinct metabolic subtypes. During a median follow-up of 3 years, 463 cardiovascular events occurred (overall event rate: 3.16 %). The “metabolic-fibrosis mixed” subtype exhibited the highest risk (adjusted HR = 1.71, 95 %CI:1.34–2.19), with an event rate of 4.40 % (183/4159) compared to 2.43 % (116/4782) in the low-risk subtype. Both the TyG index (HR = 1.52, 95 %CI:1.40–1.65) and BARD score were independent predictors. A significant multiplicative interaction existed between TyG and BARD (P = 0.041). Additive interaction analysis confirmed synergy, with a relative excess risk (RERI) of 1.42 when both biomarkers were elevated. Risk escalated nonlinearly once TyG exceeded 9.0, potentiated by fibrosis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>IR and hepatic fibrosis synergistically increase cardiovascular risk in CAD patients. Combining TyG and BARD scores with metabolic subtyping enhances risk stratification, potentially guiding targeted interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145994585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiome profiles and associated functional pathways are linked to Mediterranean diet adherence and blood glucose control in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Jumana Abuqwider ,&nbsp;Edoardo Pasolli ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Scidà ,&nbsp;Alessandra Corrado ,&nbsp;Marilena Vitale ,&nbsp;Francesca De Filippis ,&nbsp;Danilo Ercolini ,&nbsp;Giovanni Annuzzi ,&nbsp;Angela A. Rivellese ,&nbsp;Lutgarda Bozzetto","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been associated with better glycaemic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and favourable microbiome profiles in healthy individuals. However, it remains unclear whether MD adherence is associated with glycaemic control via microbiome. This study examined the relationships among MD adherence, gut microbiome, and glycaemic control in adults with T1DM and assessed the microbiome's ability to predict clinical and dietary outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and Results</h3><div>In a cross-sectional study of 253 adults with T1DM, dietary intake was assessed using the EPIC food frequency questionnaire, and MD adherence was measured using the rMED score. Participants were stratified by adherence level (low, medium, high). Glycaemic control was evaluated using HbA1c and CGM metrics. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing of stool samples (n = 103) assessed the gut microbiome. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, PERMANOVA, LEfSe, and machine learning modeling. Higher MD adherence was associated with lower HbA1c levels (7.1 % vs 7.7 %; p &lt; 0.001), greater time in range (67.0 % vs 59.4 %; p-trend = 0.03), and higher HDL cholesterol (1.62 vs 1.39 mmol/L; p = 0.01). High MD adherence was linked to a greater abundance of bacterial species such as <em>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</em>. Both high MD adherence and lower HbA1c were associated with distinct microbiome functional pathways. Microbiome-based machine learning models predicted dietary patterns and clinical metrics.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In adults with T1DM, greater MD adherence is associated with better glycaemic control and a favourable gut microbiome. Specific microbial pathways may underlie these associations. Integrating diet and microbiome data supports personalized care.</div><div>The study was registered at <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> with the identifier NCT05936242.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104487"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145897066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic thresholds of cardiorespiratory fitness for identifying cardiometabolic risk in youth","authors":"Antonio García-Hermoso ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda ,&nbsp;Ignacio Hormazábal-Aguayo ,&nbsp;Jacinto Muñoz-Pardeza ,&nbsp;Juan Hurtado-Almonacid ,&nbsp;Yasmin Ezzatvar ,&nbsp;Mairena Sanchez López ,&nbsp;Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Cardiorespiratory fitness, measured as peak oxygen uptake (VO₂peak), is a key marker of metabolic health in youth, but age- and sex-specific diagnostic thresholds for identifying elevated cardiometabolic risk (CMR) remain undefined. This study aimed to establish age- and sex-specific VO₂peak cut-points for elevated CMR by (i) conducting a cross-sectional diagnostic analysis that compared the diagnostic accuracy of commonly used VO₂peak estimation equations (Barnett, Léger, Matsuzaka) to select the best-performing index, and (ii) performing a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize and validate findings.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>To establish diagnostic thresholds of VO₂peak for identifying CMR in youth, we conducted a two-part study. First, a cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from 1059 children aged 8–11 years. Second, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to synthesize evidence from existing observational studies. The literature search included four databases. Eligible studies included cross-sectional or cohort designs with participants aged 3–18 years, and reported cardiorespiratory fitness as VO₂peak along with composite measures of CMR. We included 14 studies comprising a total of 20,780 children and adolescents. Optimal VO₂peak thresholds for identifying elevated CMR were 43.2 mL/kg/min for boys and 41.9 mL/kg/min for girls aged &lt;13 years, and 40.0 mL/kg/min for boys and 38.5 mL/kg/min for girls aged ≥13. These thresholds demonstrated moderate-to-strong diagnostic performance, and corresponded to the 20th-40th percentiles of international normative data.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We report novel age- and sex-specific VO₂peak thresholds for elevated CMR in youth, with good diagnostic performance, to aid early identification and prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104485"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal trajectories of obesity and eGFR decline jointly predict incident hyperuricemia: A multi-center prospective cohort study","authors":"Huijing He ,&nbsp;Chunjun Li ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Fenghua Guo ,&nbsp;Mianzhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Congfang Guo ,&nbsp;Qiaolu Cheng ,&nbsp;Yirui Guo ,&nbsp;Minying Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>The joint effects of longitudinal changes in body mass index (BMI) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), on hyperuricemia risk remain unclear. We aimed to investigate this relationship and identify high-risk trajectories for hyperuricemia prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>In this prospective community-based cohort (2018–2023), we enrolled 5329 Chinese adults ≥18 years with serial measurements of BMI, eGFR, and serum urate. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) nested in the Cox regression framework were applied to assess dose-response relationships between BMI, eGFR and hyperuricemia risk. Group-based trajectory modeling identified distinct BMI/eGFR patterns, with multivariable-adjusted Bayesian Cox proportional hazards models quantifying their associations with incident hyperuricemia. Over an average follow-up period of 3.25 years, 489 individuals developed hyperuricemia, resulting in an incidence rate of 15.05 per 100 person-years. Each unit increase in BMI during follow-up was associated with a 21 % (95 % CI: 14 %–30 %) increased risk for hyperuricemia. Similarly, each 10-unit decrease in eGFR correlated with a 12 % (95 % CI: 5 %–19 %) elevation in hyperuricemia risk. The RCS curves indicated linear associations between changes in BMI and eGFR and hyperuricemia risk (all p values &lt; 0.001). The low eGFR trajectory showed a marginal HR of 1.52 (95 % CI: 1.02–2.37). The HRs for the high BMI trajectory group was 3.89 (95 % CI: 2.35–6.38). Notably, the influence of eGFR variability was more pronounced in men, while that of BMI was stronger in women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Longitudinal patterns of rising BMI and declining eGFR synergistically predict hyperuricemia development, with clinically relevant sexual difference.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145991560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The burden of diabetes and cardiac arrest: A 25-year analysis of mortality trends and disparities in United States (1999–2023)","authors":"Dua Ali ,&nbsp;Hussain Salim ,&nbsp;Taimor Mohammed Khan ,&nbsp;Hibah Siddiqui ,&nbsp;Hassan Jalal Mahmoud Srour ,&nbsp;Peter Collins ,&nbsp;Raheel Ahmed ,&nbsp;Saad Ahmed Waqas","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiac arrest (CA) are major contributors to mortality and healthcare costs in the U.S., yet national trends and disparities remain underexplored. To assess trends and disparities in DM and CA-related mortality from 1999 to 2023 by age, sex, race/ethnicity, geographic region, and urban–rural status.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>Mortality data for adults (≥25 years) with DM and CA listed as underlying or contributing causes of death were obtained from the CDC WONDER database. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) were calculated, and Joinpoint regression estimated annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) (p &lt; 0.05). From 1999 to 2023, 1,095,268 deaths were attributed to DM and CA. AAMRs declined from 21.3 in 1999 to 18.39 in 2018 (APC: −0.94 %; 95 % CI: −1.25 to −0.66), rose sharply between 2018 and 2021 (APC: 11.50 %; 95 % CI: 7.79 to 13.59), and fell again through 2023 (APC: −12.18 %; 95 % CI: −16.01 to −8.51). Males consistently had higher mortality than females. Non-Hispanic (NH) Black individuals had the highest rates, while NH American Indians showed minimal decline (AAPC: −0.21 %; 95 % CI: 1.17 to 0.63). Adults aged 25–44 years had increasing mortality (AAPC: 1.58 %; 95 % CI: 0.96 to 2.02), whereas older groups declined. Rural mortality surpassed urban rates after 2012.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While overall DM and CA mortality has decreased, significant disparities persist. Targeted interventions are needed to improve cardiovascular care for DM patients, particularly young adults, NH Black and NH American Indian populations, and rural communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145946663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel adiposity indices and their role in identifying left ventricular hypertrophy among hypertensive individuals undergoing echocardiography","authors":"Giulio Geraci ,&nbsp;Pietro Ferrara ,&nbsp;Tommaso Piticchio ,&nbsp;Rosario Le Moli ,&nbsp;Valentina Paternò ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Calabrese ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Cuttone ,&nbsp;Francesco Pallotti ,&nbsp;Marco Barbanti ,&nbsp;Emilio Nardi ,&nbsp;Costantino Mancusi ,&nbsp;Riccardo Polosa ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Mulè ,&nbsp;Caterina Carollo","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>While body mass index (BMI) is the most used measure of adiposity, it does not account for fat distribution. Novel indices, such as A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and Body Roundness Index (BRI), may better reflect cardiometabolic risk. However, their association with subclinical cardiac damage, particularly left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between novel adiposity indices (ABSI and BRI) and left ventricular mass (LVM) assessed by echocardiography in a large cohort of patients with hypertensive.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional study including 724 hypertensive adults who underwent standardized anthropometric and echocardiographic assessments. Adiposity indices (BMI, waist circumference, ABSI, and BRI) were calculated, and left ventricular mass was indexed to body surface area and height^2.7. Correlations and multivariate analyses were performed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess diagnostic performance. All adiposity indices were significantly higher in individuals with LVH. BRI showed the strongest correlation with LVMH^2.7 (r = 0.423), particularly in women. In multivariate analysis, BRI remained significantly associated with LVMH^2.7 in both sexes, while ABSI was not independently associated in men. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that BRI had the highest diagnostic accuracy for identifying LVH, outperforming BMI and ABSI, especially when LVH was defined using LVMH^2.7.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>BRI outperformed traditional and novel adiposity indices in identifying LVH in hypertensive patients, particularly when LVM was indexed to height^2.7. Given its superior diagnostic performance, BRI may represent a valuable tool in cardiovascular risk stratification, though further studies are warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145994596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel insights into the causal effects of triglycerides to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio on blood pressure","authors":"Aihong Wan ,&nbsp;Yuqin Han ,&nbsp;Lingling Wu ,&nbsp;Yuanhao Wei ,&nbsp;Xiqiao Xiang ,&nbsp;Yi Chen ,&nbsp;Jinquan Chen ,&nbsp;Aihua Song ,&nbsp;Kun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Previous studies have suggested links between the triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG:HDL-C) ratio on blood pressure (BP) traits and hypertension (HTN) risk. However, the causal relationships remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>We conducted genome-wide linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR), colocalization, reverse, and multivariable MR (MVMR) analyses to evaluate the causal relationships between the TG:HDL-C ratio and BP traits. BP traits (systolic BP [SBP], diastolic BP [DBP], and pulse pressure [PP]) were obtained from the International Consortium for Blood Pressure and UK Biobank. HTN data were from GWAS meta-analyses. The primary analysis used the inverse variance method (IVW), with sensitivity analyses for MR. Significant genetic correlations were found between the TG:HDL-C ratio and BP traits (all <em>P values</em> &lt; 0.05). Genetically predicted TG:HDL-C ratio was associated with increased SBP (β = 1.194, 95 % CI: 1.007–1.382), DBP (β = 0.680, 95 % CI: 0.553–0.807), and PP (β = 0.469, 95 % CI: 0.359–0.579). It also increased HTN risk (OR = 1.030, 95 % CI: 1.025–1.036, discovery; OR = 1.169, 95 % CI: 1.138–1.200, replication; OR = 1.089, 95 % CI: 1.049–1.131, meta-analysis). MVMR showed persistent causal relationships with DBP (β = 0.219, 95 % CI: 0.072–0.366) and HTN (OR = 1.010, 95 % CI: 1.005–1.015, discovery; OR = 1.055, 95 % CI: 1.024–1.086, replication). Colocalization analysis supported shared genetic architecture. Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study provides genetic evidence that the TG:HDL-C ratio is causally related to DBP and HTN. These findings were consistent across robust MR methods. However, no independent causal relationship was observed between the TG:HDL-C ratio and SBP or PP after lipid adjustment in MVMR. Further interventional studies are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"36 4","pages":"Article 104474"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145897079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}