Trajectory of body shape in early and middle life and hyperuricemia: an observational study integrating mendelian randomization analysis.

Background and aim: Although it is recognized that obesity is linked to hyperuricemia, the research on how obesity at different stages of life affects hyperuricemia is still unclear.

Methods and results: Body shape trajectory of over the first 50 years of life in Henan Rural Cohort Study was accessed by using a group-based trajectory modeling approach. Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to estimate odd ratio (OR) for hyperuricemia. Causation was further assessed using mendelian randomization (MR). Five distinct trajectories were identified and a total of 22,655 participants were enrolled for final analysis. Compared to lean-stable participants, medium-moderate increase, heavy-stable, and lean-marked increase showed significantly higher OR and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for hyperuricemia, with 1.27 (1.07, 1.50), 1.81 (1.48, 2.21) and 1.84 (1.51, 2.25) for women, 1.25 (1.01, 1.54), 1.35 (1.02, 1.77) and 1.91 (1.50, 2.43) for men. This positive association was weakened in women with high healthy lifestyle score, but the weakening effect was not significant in men. Genetically predicted birth weight, childhood body mass index (BMI), and adult BMI were significantly associated with serum uric acid (SUA), with regression coefficient (β) and 95 % CI was -0.09 (-0.14, -0.04), 0.10 (0.04, 0.16), 0.20 (0.16, 0.24), respectively.

Conclusion: Body shape trajectory is closely associated with hyperuricemia, with MR analysis suggesting potential causal links. lifelong weight management and maintaining healthy lifestyles can reduce the adverse effects of weight gain on hyperuricemia.