Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Social, cultural and ethnic determinants of obesity: From pathogenesis to treatment.","authors":"Danila Capoccia, Ilaria Milani, Luca Colangeli, Maria Eugenia Parrotta, Frida Leonetti, Valeria Guglielmi","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Obesity is a multifactorial disease influenced by several factors including poor diet, physical inactivity, and genetic predisposition. In recent years, the social and environmental context, along with race/ethnicity and gender, have been recognized as factors influencing obesity risk beyond traditional risk factors. This review aims to increase knowledge of these causal determinants and their implications for the treatment and management of obesity, addressing not only the individual but also the societal sphere.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>A growing body of evidence emphasizes the interaction between the physical and social environments in shaping personal behaviors related to obesity. Social disparities, such as socioeconomic status (income, education, employment), racial/ethnic differences, and gender, contribute significantly to weight gain from childhood to adulthood. These factors increase the risk of obesity and related cardiovascular risk factors, independent of clinical and demographic variables, and may lead to stigma and discrimination against those affected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Obesity prevention solutions, from community programs to national policies, may be more effective if they address social, gender, and ethnic barriers. Understanding obesity requires a comprehensive approach that includes social, environmental, and psychological factors, as well as biological causes, to help obesity experts develop more effective interventions tailored to obesity and related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103901"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A pathophysiology and clinical framework to face the present and the future","authors":"Salvatore Corrao ,&nbsp;Luigi Calvo ,&nbsp;Walter Granà ,&nbsp;Salvatore Scibetta ,&nbsp;Luigi Mirarchi ,&nbsp;Simona Amodeo ,&nbsp;Fabio Falcone ,&nbsp;Christiano Argano","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.07.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.07.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This review aims to provide a straightforward conceptual framework for the knowledge and understanding of Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in the broad spectrum of steatotic liver disease and to point out the need to consider metabolic dysfunction and comorbidities as interrelated factors for a holistic approach to fatty liver disease.</div></div><div><h3>Data synthesis</h3><div>MASLD is the new proposed term for steatotic liver disease that replaces the old terminology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This term focused on the relationship between metabolic alteration and hepatic steatosis, reflecting a growing comprehension of the association between metabolic dysfunction and hepatic steatosis. Numerous factors and conditions contribute to the underlying mechanisms, including central obesity, insulin resistance, adiponectin, lipid metabolism, liver function, dietary influences, the composition of intestinal microbiota, and genetic factors. The development of the condition, however, involves a more intricate network of components, such as neurotensin and Advanced Glycation End Products, highlighting the complexity of its pathogenesis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MASLD must be regarded as a complex clinical problem in which only a holistic approach can win through the coordination of multi-professional and multi-speciality interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103702"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141932006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liraglutide effects on epicardial adipose tissue micro-RNAs and intra-operative glucose control","authors":"Gianluca Iacobellis ,&nbsp;Jeffrey J. Goldberger ,&nbsp;Joseph Lamelas ,&nbsp;Claudia A. Martinez ,&nbsp;Carlos Munoz Sterling ,&nbsp;Monica Bodenstab ,&nbsp;Daniela Frasca","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) plays a role in coronary artery disease (CAD). EAT has regional distribution throughout the heart and each location may have a different genetic profile and function. Glucagon like peptide-1 receptor analogs (GLP-1RAs) reduce cardiovascular risk. However, the short-term effects of GLP-1RA on microRNA (miRNA) profile of each EAT location is unknown. Objective was to evaluate if EAT miRNAs were different between coronary (CORO-EAT), left atrial EAT (LA-EAT) and subcutaneous fat (SAT), and liraglutide can modulate EAT miRNAs expression.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>This was a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 38 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) who were started on either liraglutide or placebo for a minimum of 4 up to 12 weeks prior to coronary artery by-pass grafting (CABG). Fat samples were collected during CABG. miR16, miR155 and miR181a were significantly higher in CORO-EAT and in LA-EAT than SAT (p &lt; 0.01 and p &lt; 0.05) in overall patients. miR16 and miR181-a were significantly higher in CORO-EAT than SAT (p &lt; 0.01), and miR155 and miR181a were higher in LA-EAT than SAT (p &lt; 0.05) in the liraglutide group. Liraglutide-treated patients had better intra-op glucose control than placebo (146 ± 21 vs 160 ± 21 mg/dl, p &lt; 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study shows that CORO- and LA-miRNAs profiles were significantly different than SAT miRNAs in overall patients and miRNAs were significantly higher in CORO-EAT and LA-EAT than SAT in the liraglutide group. Pre-op liraglutide was also associated with better intra operative glucose control than placebo independently of weight loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal trends of body composition in Anorexia Nervosa: Cardiac functioning impacts the restoration of fat-free mass at three-months follow-up","authors":"Livio Tarchi ,&nbsp;Emanuele Cassioli ,&nbsp;Eleonora Rossi ,&nbsp;Marco Faldi ,&nbsp;Eleonora D'Areglia ,&nbsp;Gaia Maiolini ,&nbsp;Anita Nannoni ,&nbsp;Valentina Scheggi ,&nbsp;Brunetto Alterini ,&nbsp;Valdo Ricca ,&nbsp;Giovanni Castellini","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Predictors of outcomes are needed in order to improve the clinical management of patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN). The present study evaluated whether cardiac dysfunction might be associated with different longitudinal outcomes of AN.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>A sample of 35 patients with AN (11 restricting, 24 binge-purging– age range 16–28 years old) and 42 healthy controls (18–29 years old) were evaluated in terms of psychometric variables, Body Mass Index (BMI), body composition (by bioimpedance analysis, namely: Fat-Free Mass – FFM, Fat Mass – FM, Body Cell Mass – BCM, Phase Angle - PhA) and cardiac functioning (left ventricular ejection fraction - LVEF; global longitudinal strain – LVGLS). FM was significantly and negatively associated with eating psychopathology (weight and shape concerns, b −0.523, p 0.029; and shape concerns b −0.578, p0.015), while cardiac dysfunction (LVGLS &gt; −18%) was positively associated with dietary restraints (b 1.253, p 0.043). LVEF, in turn, was positively associated with BCM (b 0.721, p 0.008) and FFM (b 0.779, p 0.039). Cardiac dysfunction negatively impacted the effect of nutritional rehabilitation, as those patients reporting reduced LVGLS showed lower FFM (b −4.410, p 0.011), FM (b −1.495, p 0.003) and BCM (b −2.205, p 0.015) at follow-up after three months.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These preliminary results showed that cardiac functioning might represent an early predictor of cachexia and chronicity, while body composition seems to be a more accurate measure for evaluating the recovery process of patients with AN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103728"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current cigarette smoking and decreased serum levels of α-Klotho, an anti-aging hormone, among US adult participants","authors":"Wonjun Billy Kim ,&nbsp;Jianmin Zhu ,&nbsp;Dylan Fromm ,&nbsp;Yudan Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Cigarette smoking is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease and other aging-related disorders; yet the pathogenesis of these diseases induced by smoking remains relatively underexplored. This study was to assess the association between cigarette smoking and serum α-Klotho levels, an anti-aging protein, in US adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>Data on 4196 participants aged 40–79 years from the 2013–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was analyzed for the association using multiple general linear models. Smoking was assessed using both questionnaire data and serum cotinine measurements. Both past and current smokers exhibited significantly lower levels of α-Klotho, with the light smokers exhibiting the lowest levels [geometric mean: 720.85 pg/mL; 95% CI: 662.53, 784.31], compared with non-smokers [806.75 (790.69, 823.13)]. A significantly inverse association between current smoking and α-Klotho levels was revealed. This relationship extended across smoking intensities, with even light smokers displaying the strongest association. After adjusting for potential confounders, light (smoked &lt;5 pack-years), moderate (5–19 pack-years), and heavy smoking (≥20 pack-years) were associated with reductions of 10.81% (−16.91, −4.28), 6.43% (−10.24, −2.47), and 3.38% (−6.83, 0.19) of Klotho levels, respectively, when compared to non-smoking. Active smoking, defined as serum cotinine levels ≥10 ng/mL, was associated with a 4.59% decrease (−6.91, −2.23) in α-Klotho levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study demonstrates an inverse relationship between current smoking and serum α-Klotho levels among middle-aged and older adults. Our findings suggest that Klotho may play an important role in smoking-induced diseases. Further investigations are warranted to explore these interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103732"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic inflammation markers and the prevalence of hypertension in 8- to 17-year-old children and adolescents: A NHANES cross-sectional study","authors":"Weiyan Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Hui Liu ,&nbsp;Fei Hong ,&nbsp;Qingying Tang ,&nbsp;Caiyu Hu ,&nbsp;Ting Xu ,&nbsp;Hongyi Lu ,&nbsp;Lei Ye ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhu ,&nbsp;Lei Song","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>The recent emphasis on systemic inflammation markers has focused primarily on their association with cardiac disorders, particularly the prevalence of hypertension, in adults but not children and adolescents. This research aimed to explore the associations between systemic inflammation markers and the occurrence of hypertension in 8- to 17-year-old children and adolescents in the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>Data from 6095 participants under 18 years of age were obtained from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES: 1999–2020). This study examined the associations between the incidence of hypertension and four indicators of systemic inflammation: the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results are represented as odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs), and subgroup analyses were conducted to further explore associations. After fully adjusting for potential confounding covariates, the SII, NLR, and PLR were positively associated with hypertension. Compared with individuals in the bottom quartiles, those in the top SII, NLR, and PLR quartiles were 2.12, 2.11, and 1.57 times more likely to have hypertension, respectively. Conversely, the LMR was negatively associated with hypertension incidence, particularly among those in the highest LMR quartiles (OR = 0.59, 95 % CI = 0.39–0.88; P = 0.009). Subgroup analyses revealed that the four indicators exhibited strong correlations with hypertension in male subjects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study revealed significant relationships between systemic inflammatory markers and hypertension incidence, highlighting the potential of these markers as hypertension risk indicators, particularly among male patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103727"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of cardiovascular health on mortality in US adults with cardiometabolic disease: A prospective nationwide cohort study","authors":"Feifei Zhang ,&nbsp;Huiliang Liu ,&nbsp;Yuetao Xie ,&nbsp;Litian Liu ,&nbsp;Ohua Feng ,&nbsp;Yingxiao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.numecd.2024.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Individuals with cardiometabolic disease (CMD) face high risks of adverse outcomes. However, there is little evidence of the effectiveness of comprehensive risk assessment using the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score in CMD. This study aimed to examine the associations between LE8 and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates in individuals with CMD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>This study included 11,198 NHANES participants, categorized into low, moderate, and high CVH groups according to LE8 scores. The LE8 score consists of eight components: diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health, BMI, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure. A higher LE8 score indicates better cardiovascular health. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression and restricted cubic splines were employed to estimate the associations. Subgroup analyses considered age, sex, race and ethnicity, income, marital status, and education.</div><div>During a median follow-up of 91 months, 1079 deaths were recorded, 325 of which were cardiovascular. The multivariable adjusted hazard ratio (HR) per 10-point increase in LE8 was 0.79 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.75–0.84) for all-cause mortality and 0.71 (95% CI, 0.64–0.79) for cardiovascular mortality. Participants with moderate and high LE8 levels showed similar inverse associations. Those under 60 exhibited more pronounced associations (P for interaction &lt;0.05). After adjusting for multiple variables, a linear relationship was observed between LE8 and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the CMD population.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The newly introduced LE8 showed a significant negative association with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk among CMD individuals, highlighting its potential for CMD tertiary prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"35 2","pages":"Article 103717"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum branched-chain amino acids are mainly associated with body mass index and waist circumference.","authors":"Keyuan Liu, Rebecca Borreggine, Hector Gallart-Ayala, Julijana Ivanisevic, Pedro Marques-Vidal","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>To assess the associations between serum concentrations of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs)-valine, leucine, and isoleucine-and different anthropometric markers, including leptin and adiponectin levels, as well as body composition.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>This cross-sectional study used data from the CoLaus|PsyCoLaus and the OsteoLaus studies in Lausanne, Switzerland. Anthropometric markers included the conicity index (CI), body roundness index (BRI), a body shape index (ABSI), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference, among others. Grip strength was used as a proxy for muscle mass. Bivariate analysis revealed that most anthropometric markers were positively correlated with BCAA, while adiponectin levels was negatively correlated with BCAA. These correlations were generally stronger in males than in females, with the exceptions of CI, ABSI, and adiponectin. After multivariable analysis, weight and BMI showed the strongest association coefficients with BCAA in males, while in females the strongest associations were found for waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio. No significant associations were found between the ABSI and BCAA levels in males, or between grip strength and BCAA levels in females. Stepwise linear regression identified BMI in males, and waist circumference in females as the anthropometric markers most strongly positively associated with BCAA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed a significant difference in the association between BCAA levels and anthropometric markers by sex. BMI displayed the strongest positive association with BCAA levels in males while in females, waist circumference exhibited the strongest association.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103880"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of distinct biomarker profiles with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in older adults: Prospective cohort study across 12 countries.","authors":"Lars Louis Andersen, Joaquín Calatayud, Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés, Luis Suso-Martí, Ana Polo-López, Rubén López-Bueno","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Biomarkers may help predict mortality risk in older adults, yet their combined effects remain unclear. This study aims to identify distinct biomarker profiles in older adults and assess their association with all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>We analyzed data from 12,960 older adults (67.8 ± 9.4 years, 58 % women) from 11 European countries and Israel participating in Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Seven biomarkers were assessed from dried blood spot samples. K-means cluster analysis identified nine distinct biomarker profiles. Cox regression and Fine and Gray subdistribution hazard models assessed the association between biomarker profiles and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, respectively, adjusting for relevant covariates. During a median follow-up of 6.3 years, 1270 (9.8 %) died. Compared to the largest cluster (n = 7005) with generally normal biomarker levels, clusters characterized by elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and cystatin C showed increased risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality and to some extent cancer mortality. A cluster with elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (n = 1959) showed slightly increased mortality risk (HR 1.29, 95%CI 1.08-1.54). A cluster with high triglyceride and total cholesterol (n = 1622) showed decreased cancer mortality risk (SHR 0.60, 95 % CI: 0.38-0.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Biomarker profiles characterized by elevated inflammatory and renal function markers were strongly associated with increased mortality risk, even when other biomarkers were within normal ranges. Surprisingly, high levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol may be protective against cancer mortality. These findings highlight the importance of considering multiple biomarkers simultaneously in mortality risk stratification for older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103899"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Italian IV SCAI dietary survey: Main results on food consumption.","authors":"Lorenza Mistura, Cinzia Le Donne, Laura D'Addezio, Marika Ferrari, Francisco Javier Comendador, Raffaela Piccinelli, Deborah Martone, Stefania Sette, Giovina Catasta, Aida Turrini","doi":"10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>The food consumption surveys, conducted for over 30 years by the CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, are the most reliable source of data to evaluate the food consumption intake and dietary patterns of the Italian population. The fourth and most recent survey (IV SCAI 2017-2020), was carried out as part of the pan-European framework 'EU Menu', according to the harmonized methods recommended by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The current paper aims to present its main results in terms of food group consumption.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>The sample of IV SCAI was stratified by geographical areas and included 1969 individuals aged 3 months to 74 years living in Italy. Dietary assessment was based on food diaries for children, and 24h recalls for adolescents, adults, and elderly, for both techniques on two non-consecutive days. The most consumed food groups were: Milk and Cereals, followed by Fruit, Vegetables, and Meat. At the subgroup level, bread was the most consumed cereal product in terms of quantity (70 g/day), followed by pasta (79 % of consumers; 49 g/day). Only 39 % of individuals had an adequate fruit and vegetable consumption according to the latest World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, although this percentage increased in adults and the elderly (43 %, and 73 % respectively). Consumption of red and processed meat was also not in line with international recommendations, being slightly higher mainly in adults and adolescents with a mean consumption of 83 g/day and 100 g/day respectively, compared to the WHO recommendation not to exceed 70 g/day.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The detailed dietary data collected in IV SCAI are a fundamental evidence platform supporting public health programs, a reliable reference to guide nutritional policies and monitoring diet in the coming years.</p>","PeriodicalId":49722,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"103863"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}