{"title":"Two-peak envelope spectrum of a subwavelength grating microring resonator for wide-range and high-sensitivity refractive index sensing","authors":"Shibo Sun, Meiyu Chang, Mei Kong, Yameng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The detectable range and sensitivity play a key role in the accuracy and range of applications available for lab-on-a-chip sensing systems. Here, we propose and numerically demonstrate an on-chip refractive index sensor simultaneously possessing wide detectable range and high sensitivity through monitoring the two-peak envelope spectrum of a subwavelength grating microring resonator. The principle lies in the combination of the envelope spectrum tracking scheme and the light field releasing in subwavelength grating waveguides. The structure of the subwavelength grating microring resonator is designed to adjust the wavelength dependence of its critical coupling condition, so that the two-peak envelope spectrum can be formed and centered at critically coupled wavelengths. By probing the drift of the two-peak envelope spectrum within the C+L band (1530–1625 nm), we lift the free spectral range constraint on the detectable range and broaden it up to 0.46 RIU. Meanwhile, a sensitivity of 444 nm/RIU is achieved. This investigation provides an attractive candidate for high performance integrated sensors, and thus may pave the way for lab-on-chip sensing, especially in application scenarios demanding both wide detectable range and high sensitivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140842670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Dareini , S.R. Ghorbani , H. Arabi , S. Daqiqeh Rezaei
{"title":"Application of circuit model for gap-plasmon nanodisk resonators","authors":"M. Dareini , S.R. Ghorbani , H. Arabi , S. Daqiqeh Rezaei","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The design of plasmonic metasurfaces is often based on solving the Maxwell electromagnetic equations, which can be a time-consuming and expensive process considering many geometrical parameters that can limit design flexibility. To speed up the design flow, a model based on the classical transmission line theory is presented. The proposed equivalent circuit model can predict the plasmon resonance wavelength based on various geometrical parameters including dielectric thickness and disk diameter. In addition, unlike other reported circuit models, the developed model considers the nanostructure array pitch size, which is crucial in metasurface design. Comparison between the results obtained from circuit model and full wavelength simulation showed that the circuit parameters accurately determine the response of the structure. Finally, as a metasurface design demonstration, we utilized our model to simulate aluminum-based gap-plasmon nanodisk arrays for optimizing their optical response to maximize structural color saturation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140813658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wavelength splitting in coupled dissimilar disk resonators with nanoscatterers","authors":"Varun S.V., Shadak Aee K.","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, we present wavelength splitting characteristics of whispering gallery modes in a system where two disks with different refractive indices are coupled together. This study utilizes finite difference time domain based simulations. The spectral changes caused by the presence of nanoparticles are analyzed, taking factors such as the number of nanoparticles, their size and distance from the surface of the disks into account. The investigation also encompasses the interaction of a thin nanolayer. Our findings demonstrate that the wavelength splitting is highly influenced by the specific disk where the nanoparticle or nanolayer is located. This distinct property sets it apart from conventional coupled disks with identical features. A perturbation theory of coupled structures has also been applied to gain insights into the simulation results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140760328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental study on ultra-high sensitivity gold-based SPR sensor for refractive index and temperature measurement","authors":"Kaifeng Li , Zhiyong Yin , Shuguang Li, Xili Jing","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We have experimentally demonstrated an ultra-high sensitivity gold-based fiber refractive index (RI) sensor whose main structure is composed of multimode fiber (MMF) and photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The gold film is deposited on V-shaped PCF by magnetron sputtering, and sensing experiments are performed based on the principle of surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Numerical simulation results indicate that the cladding mode of the V-shaped PCF is more capable of stimulating the SPR effect than the core mode. The experimental results show that the RI measurement range of the sensor is 1.333–1.421, with a maximum sensitivity of 10015 nm/RIU. In addition to RI sensing, sensing probes can be coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) on a gold film for temperature sensing. For temperature detection, the range is from 10 to 100 °C and the maximum sensitivity is 3.5 nm/℃. Besides high sensitivity in RI measurement, the proposed sensor also has good sensing performance in temperature sensing. With the advantages of high sensitivity, good stability, and easy preparation, this sensor has become an important reference in the field of high-performance sensing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140755936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaizhu Liu , Yuxiang Yang , Xue Han , Changsen Sun , Chengchao He , Yanhong Li , Hsiang-Chen Chui
{"title":"Vertical coupling to photonic crystal waveguide using chiral plasmonic lenses","authors":"Kaizhu Liu , Yuxiang Yang , Xue Han , Changsen Sun , Chengchao He , Yanhong Li , Hsiang-Chen Chui","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Manipulating surface plasmon polariton waves for the development of micro-nano devices has been widely studied in recent years. Two-dimensional artificial photonic crystals have bandstructure characteristics like semiconductors. However, the requirement for light to be incident along the structural periodic direction poses a challenge in coupling light into the photonic crystal, thereby impeding its integrations and applications. In this work, we proposed coupling vertically incident left-circularly polarized light into a photonic crystal waveguide using a chiral plasmonic lens. Linearly-polarized light can also generate surface plasmon polariton waves and couple them into photonic crystal waveguides, but the intensity is lower. In contrast, right-circularly polarized light propagates in the opposite direction and exhibits minimal propagation into the photonic crystal waveguide. The results indicate that the proposed structure can operate broadband within the wavelength range of 620–670 nm. This method provides a simple and easily integrated coupling method for photonic crystal devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140539207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivan Alonso Lujan-Cabrera, Cesar Isaza, Ely Karina Anaya-Rivera, Cristian Felipe Ramirez-Gutierrez
{"title":"Inverse design of incommensurate one-dimensional porous silicon photonic crystals using 2D-convolutional mixture density neural networks","authors":"Ivan Alonso Lujan-Cabrera, Cesar Isaza, Ely Karina Anaya-Rivera, Cristian Felipe Ramirez-Gutierrez","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work proposes an inverse design tool for porous silicon photonic structures. This tool is based on 2D-convolutional mixture density neural networks given that this type of architecture allows to tackle the nonuniqueness problem present in the optical response of photonic crystals. Moreover, a preprocessing reshaping method was implemented to use 2D-convolution neural networks due to their powerful ability in pattern recognition. A data set of porous silicon photonic spectra was generated. The photonic structures consist of 12 assembled layers of different thicknesses and porosities, generating incommensurate one-dimensional photonic crystals. The model was tested with four test data sets. First, a periodic validation was carried out, showing that incommensurate structures can generate well-defined photonic bandgaps. The second test set found that incommensurate photonic structures can resemble the optical response of a modulated photonic crystal and retrieve defective modes within the bandgap. The third test data set consisted of ideal distributed Bragg reflectors. It was found that the neural network could not predict accurate design due to the notorious differences in the optical properties of the two structures. Last, the neural network was tested with the experimental spectrum of a porous silicon photonic crystal, and it was shown that the predictions made were inaccurate because the simulations did not consider critical experimental aspects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140539208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mobility and conductivity of laser-generated e-h plasmas in direct-gap nanowires","authors":"Jeremy R. Gulley, Rachel Cooper, Ethan Winchester","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article examines the role of field strength, frequency, and many-body scattering during the ultrafast optoelectronic response in a direct-gap semiconductor nanowire using numerical simulation. Following resonant laser excitation, an AC or bias DC field perturbs the 1D <em>e-h</em> plasma as it relaxes by carrier-phonon and Coulomb scattering. For bias DC fields, the laser-excited carrier distributions evolve to a static non-equilibrium from which a stable DC mobility is calculated. Carrier-phonon collisions contain the <em>e-h</em> carriers near energy minima for fields of 0.5 kV/cm or less, while the Coulomb collisions redistribute some electrons across the Brillouin zone where they drift into other band structure energy minima and are there contained by phonon scattering. This behavior results in carrier mobilities with a field-strength dependence specific to a 1D solid. For AC probe fields, the analyze the resulting frequency-dependent conductivity for frequencies between the plasmon frequency and interband resonance. In all cases, we compare results to standard-conductivity models by calculating distribution-averaged collision rates and times, and show how, unlike in the bulk, these quantities for the nanowire are strongly dependent on both field magnitude and frequency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140554393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Single nanoparticle detection based on a slotted nanobeam cavity","authors":"Mohannad Al-Hmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, a single nanoparticle sensor based on a slot-bridge-slot photonic crystal nanobeam cavity is presented. To investigate the sensor feasibility of a single particle detection, the shift of the resonance wavelength of the cavity mode is calculated by employing perturbation theory and the simulation results of the mode profile. A mode volume of <span><math><mrow><mn>2.61</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mfenced><mrow><mi>λ</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></mfenced></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>is realized, which is reduced by a factor of <span><math><mn>150</mn></math></span> times in comparison with nanobeam cavity. We demonstrate the detection of streptavidin molecules with radius ∼ 2.65 nm with a large resonant wavelength shift (25.4 pm). This represents the largest wavelength shift ever reported in single nanoparticle sensors. Owing to the ultracompact footprint and high sensitivity demonstrated here, the proposed structure holds great potential for lab-on-a-chip biosensing applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140344111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aeshah F. Alotaibi , Ahmed. Alanazi , Anna Lesniak-Podsiadlo , Aoife Cowen , Brian J. Rodriguez , James H. Rice
{"title":"Nanoimprinted cellulose acetate-TiO2 composite thin film","authors":"Aeshah F. Alotaibi , Ahmed. Alanazi , Anna Lesniak-Podsiadlo , Aoife Cowen , Brian J. Rodriguez , James H. Rice","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cellulose acetate is a safe, sustainable, and cost-effective material that is capable of forming nanostructures through facial processing methods such as surface imprinting. Forming optically active structures using cellulose acetate can advance green photonic device design. In this work, we create a hybrid material consisting of nanoscale plasmon active metal–semiconductor Schottky junctions. Demonstrating that such a hybrid material possesses improved performance when applied to Raman-based sensing. Boosting surface-enhanced Raman detection sensitivity through electromagnetic and chemical enhancement mechanisms from the metal-semiconductor junction, in addition to photonic resonances created via the imprinted nanoscale metamaterial array surface features. This work expands the use of cellulose-based materials for sensing-based applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1569441024000324/pdfft?md5=f55e2d788db636cfa2fd877a3406028f&pid=1-s2.0-S1569441024000324-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140167352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victor A. Verdugo-Gutiérrez , Tingting Zhai , Komla Nomenyo , Basma Zouari , Hamadi Khemakhem , Alexandre Vial , Gilles Lérondel , Rafael Salas-Montiel
{"title":"Electric and magnetic metal-insulator-metal metasurfaces in the mid-infrared based on Babinet’s, Lorentz’s, and Kirchhoff’s principles","authors":"Victor A. Verdugo-Gutiérrez , Tingting Zhai , Komla Nomenyo , Basma Zouari , Hamadi Khemakhem , Alexandre Vial , Gilles Lérondel , Rafael Salas-Montiel","doi":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.photonics.2024.101256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metasurfaces can extend the optical properties of conventional materials by structuring surfaces at a subwavelength scale. These artificial subwavelength surfaces mimic the physics of conventional materials and can, in principle, be designed to provide novel optical material properties. Metal-insulator-metal (MIM) antenna metasurfaces are among the most widely used as ideal absorbers and emitters. In this work, we present MIM metasurfaces in the mid-infrared that comply in the electric and magnetic forms of Babinet’s, Lorentz’s, and Kirchhoff’s principles. To verify the validity of Babinet's, Lorentz's, and Kirchhoff's MIM metasurfaces, we computed their reflection and absorption spectra as well as electric and magnetic field maps. We found that even in the presence of graphene on top of the electric and magnetic MIM metasurfaces, these principles still hold qualitatively. However, the excitation of gap surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and graphene SPPs fails to comply quantitatively. Additionally, we fabricated the MIM metasurfaces and used imaging Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the mid infrared spectrum to validate them. Finally, we explore the potentials and limits of the use of graphene as tunability material, with a tunability bandwidth up to 0.6 µm. Our findings can be applied to the development of electric and magnetic frequency selectivity metasurfaces, polarizers, coherent thermal sources, and detectors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49699,"journal":{"name":"Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140167675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}