Shaun A Joffe, Shyam Chavda, Jesse Gilham, Gavin R H Sandercock, Jamie Tallent
{"title":"A comparison of maximal isometric force in the first pull, transition and second pull of the clean and their contribution to predict performance in national and international level weightlifters.","authors":"Shaun A Joffe, Shyam Chavda, Jesse Gilham, Gavin R H Sandercock, Jamie Tallent","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2458478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2458478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to examine differences in isometric peak force (PF) at the start of the first pull, transition, and second pull phases of the clean, and determine their contribution in explaining the variance in snatch and clean & jerk (C&J) performance. Thirty-one national and international level male and female weightlifters participated. Isometric start position pull (ISPP), isometric transition position pull (ITPP), and isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) PF, along with competition performance, were analysed both in absolute and allometrically scaled terms. Partial Least Squares Regression identified a single latent variable explaining 81.4% of the variance in Snatch and 79.6% in C&J. ISPP PF alone significantly contributed to explaining the variance the snatch and C&J. For allometrically scaled values, a single latent variable accounted for and 62.8% variance in Snatch and 60.7% of the variance in C&J, with ISPP PF significantly contributing to the Snatch and approached significance for C&J (<i>p</i> = 0.056). These results underscore the importance of evaluating maximal force in the initial lift phase and suggest that training to enhance strength in this phase may be crucial for improving weightlifting performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul Galantine, Denis Bertin, Caroline Nicol, Pascale Duché, Arnaud Hays
{"title":"Associations between force-velocity-power profile in sprinting and ballistic lower limb tests in adolescent elite footballers.","authors":"Paul Galantine, Denis Bertin, Caroline Nicol, Pascale Duché, Arnaud Hays","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2458898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2458898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the relationships between performance and force-velocity (F-v) parameters obtained from a ballistic lower limb (BLL) and a 30-m sprint test in 24 adolescent elite footballers (13.2-15.1 years old). In the BLL test, normal ground reaction force and velocity were recorded by two force plates and a linear encoder, respectively, and take-off velocity (vto) at 0% of body mass was considered as performance. In the 30-m sprint test, raw velocity-time data were measured using a radar, and 5, 10 and 30 m sprint times using a timing gate system. Theoretical maximal force (<i>F</i><sub>0</sub>), velocity (<i>v</i><sub>0</sub>) and power (<i>P</i><sub>max</sub>) were determined using the Samozino's method. All sprint times were significantly correlated with vto (<i>p</i> = 0.004 to <i>p</i> < 0.001; -0.57 to -0.72), but no significant correlation was found between the respective F-v parameters ;(<i>p</i> = 0.152 to 0.913). As both tests assess explosive performance, players who can produce a high vto will also perform best in short sprints. However, the F-v discrepancies highlight the complementarity of these tests: the BLL test minimises the coordination and technical influences that can affect sprint performance in adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adrián Feria-Madueño, Timothy E Hewett, Borja Sañudo
{"title":"Effect of a tailored exercise programme on kinematics and kinetic knee injury risk during different side-cutting.","authors":"Adrián Feria-Madueño, Timothy E Hewett, Borja Sañudo","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2458486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2458486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the high incidence of knee injuries reported in non-professional sports, the implementation of specific training programmes aimed at mitigating the kinematic and kinetic factors associated with these injuries remains limited. To determine the effects of a tailored exercise programme on kinematic and kinetic variables during side-cutting activities. Fifty-seven physically active participants were randomised into control group (CG; n: 28) that received no intervention, and an experimental group (EG; n: 29), that performed an individualised exercise programme that included a combination of strength, neuromuscular, proprioceptive, eccentric training and whole-body vibration (WBV) exercises. Knee, hip and trunk angles, vertical ground reaction force (VGRF), force in the antero-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) axes, acceleration, contact time and impulse were assessed during three types of side-cutting, two open manoeuvres (30º and 45º - SC<sub>30</sub> and SC<sub>45</sub> -respectively) and one closed manoeuvre (45º - SC<sub>45cl</sub>-). After the 12-week intervention, EG participants had lower knee extension during all side-cuttings, shorter contact time and lower acceleration, VGRF and impulse compared to CG during side-cutting manoeuvres. A tailored exercise programme could be an effective neuromuscular and biomechanical strategy to reduce risk factors for knee injury in healthy, physically active young people.</p>","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relationship between volleyball spike jump height and lower limb kinetics is stronger for orientation leg than rear leg.","authors":"Mizuki Makino, Takanori Nakahara, Kentaro Nagakubo, Yuka Ando, Kenji Tauchi","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2458491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2458491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The orientation and rear legs have different roles in the spike jump (SPJ) in volleyball, yet the relationship between the jump height and kinetics of each leg remains underexplored. We aimed to clarify the relationships between jump height and kinetics of the orientation and rear legs in the SPJ. This study included 18 female college volleyball players. The experimental trial comprised an SPJ with a three-step run-up. The motion and ground reaction forces were measured using eight high-speed cameras and two force plates. Kinetic variables from the last foot contact to take-off were calculated, and their relationship with jumping height was examined. The results showed that the peak joint torques for ankle plantar flexion (<i>r</i> = 0.562, <i>p</i> = 0.015), hip extension (<i>r</i> = 0.684, <i>p</i> = 0.002), and hip abduction (<i>r</i> = 0.670, <i>p</i> = 0.002) of the orientation leg were significantly positively correlated with jump height. No significant correlations were found for the rear leg, except for the hip abduction torque (<i>r</i> = 0.538, <i>p</i> = 0.021). These findings indicate that interindividual difference in jump height are more strongly related to the kinetics of the orientation leg than those of the rear leg after final rear foot contact.</p>","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhili Chen, Zhengqiu Gu, Mengde Lyu, Chris Bishop, Damian J Harper, Barbara Ainsworth, Boyi Dai, Yongming Li
{"title":"Relationships between knee and ankle strength and horizontal deceleration performance at different sprint distances in multi-directional sports athletes.","authors":"Zhili Chen, Zhengqiu Gu, Mengde Lyu, Chris Bishop, Damian J Harper, Barbara Ainsworth, Boyi Dai, Yongming Li","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2458477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2458477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between knee and ankle strength and horizontal deceleration performance following different sprint distances. Fifty-seven (<i>n</i> = 41male, <i>n</i> = 16 female) youth team-sports athletes completed: a) 5-m and 10-m horizontal deceleration ability (HDA) tests; b) concentric (60°/s, 180°/s) and eccentric (30°/s) relative peak torque (PT) measurements of the knee extensor (KE) and flexor (KF) muscles and the ankle plantarflexion (APF) and dorsiflexion (ADF) muscles in an isokinetic dynamometer. Pearson's correlation coefficients revealed that concentric at 60°/s and eccentric at 30°/s KE were mostly related to deceleration performance both in HDA<sub>5-m</sub> (<i>r</i> = -0.50 to -0.61, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and HDA<sub>10-m</sub> tests (<i>r</i> = -0.50 to -0.63, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between concentric APF and average deceleration (DEC<sub>avg</sub>) measured from HDA<sub>5-m</sub> test in both the dominant leg (DL) and non-dominant leg (NDL) (<i>r</i> = -0.52 to -0.53, <i>p</i> < 0.05), but not to 10-m horizontal deceleration performance. The current results indicate that deceleration performance varies in its demands on knee and ankle strength across different sprint distances. Athletes who frequently decelerate over short distances should focus not only on strengthening their knee strength but also on prioritising ankle strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seungho Baek, Kanji Mori, Kai-Jen Cheng, Hunter B Alvis, Byungjoo Lee, Andrea Martinez, Young-Hoo Kwon
{"title":"Angular motion of the thorax during the golf swing: a comparison of two orientation angle sequences.","authors":"Seungho Baek, Kanji Mori, Kai-Jen Cheng, Hunter B Alvis, Byungjoo Lee, Andrea Martinez, Young-Hoo Kwon","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2458481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2458481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orientation angles are commonly used to describe complex angular motions of the body. Selecting the most appropriate rotation sequence for a given segment's motion is crucial. The purpose of this study was to develop a set of generalisable, primary axis-centric sequence selection strategies and to compare the lean direction-lean-rotation (LDLR) sequence, selected for thoracic motion during golf driving based on the strategies, with the conventional rotation-bend-side bend (RBSB) sequence in assessing the level of inter-angle cross-talk. The RBSB method consistently revealed a higher level of inter-angle cross-talk, with substantially larger bi-angle ICC values across all angle combinations. The rotation-side bend and bend-side bend pairs in the RBSB method exhibited the largest ICC values (≥0.837). In contrast, the rotation-lean and lean direction-lean pairs in the LDLR method showed the smallest ICC values (≤0.063). The RBSB sequence demonstrated significantly larger RMS angle ranges (<i>p</i> < .001), indicating a deterioration of the major angle and inflation of the minor angles due to cross-talk. The LDLR sequence realistically portrayed the axial rotation-dominant thoracic motion during the golf drive. The strategies outlined in this study can serve as general guidelines and substantially enhance the applicability of the orientation angle method.</p>","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Megan L James, Victoria H Stiles, Hans C von Lieres Und Wilkau, Alex L Jones, Richard W Willy, Kelly J Ashford, Isabel S Moore
{"title":"Predictors of pelvic acceleration during treadmill running across various stride frequency conditions.","authors":"Megan L James, Victoria H Stiles, Hans C von Lieres Und Wilkau, Alex L Jones, Richard W Willy, Kelly J Ashford, Isabel S Moore","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2446179","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2446179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pelvic running injuries often require extensive rehabilitation and pelvic girdle pain is a barrier to running engagement in population sub-groups, such as perinatal women. However, exploration into how external pelvic loading may be altered during running is limited. This study assessed which biomechanical variables influence changes in external peak pelvic acceleration during treadmill running, across various stride frequency conditions. Twelve participants (7 female, 5 male) ran (9 km∙h<sup>-1</sup>) at their preferred stride frequency, and at ± 5% and ± 10% of their preferred stride frequency. Coordinate and acceleration data were collected using a motion capture system and inertial measurement units. Linear mixed models assessed peak tibial acceleration, displacement from hip to knee and ankle, contact time, and stride frequency as predictors of peak pelvic acceleration. Stride frequency and contact time interacted to predict peak vertical (<i>p</i> = .006) and resultant (<i>p</i> = .009) pelvic acceleration. When modelled, short contact times and low stride frequencies produced higher peak vertical (<i>p</i> = .007) and resultant (<i>p</i> = .016) pelvic accelerations than short contact times and average, or high stride frequencies. Increasing contact time, or increasing stride frequency at shorter contact times, may therefore be useful in reducing pelvic acceleration during treadmill running.</p>","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Changes in glenohumeral range of motion by repetitive pitching and their relationship with arm speed during pitching.","authors":"Tomonobu Ishigaki, Yosuke Kurisuga, Raimu Sato, Issei Furuto, Reina Kimura, Hiroshi Akuzawa, Chie Sekine, Ryo Hirabayashi, Hirotake Yokota, Takeru Okouchi, Kodai Sakamoto, Mutsuaki Edama","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2452329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2025.2452329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to (1) examine the acute changes in the glenohumeral range of motion (ROM) after repetitive pitching and (2) clarify whether arm speed during pitching is associated with changes in the glenohumeral internal rotation (IR) and horizontal adduction (HADd) ROM. Fifteen healthy college males with over five years of baseball experience participated. Glenohumeral ROMs of IR, external rotation, and HADd were measured using a digital inclinometer before, immediately after, and one day after completing 100 repetitive full-effort pitches. Arm speed during pitching was measured using wearable inertial measurement unit sensors. IR ROM significantly decreased immediately after (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and a day after (<i>p</i> = 0.043) the pitching task compared to the baseline values. HADd (<i>p</i> = 0.361) and external rotation (<i>p</i> = 0.935) ROM exhibited no changes between pre-and post-pitching. Changes in the IR ROM were associated with arm speed during pitching (<i>β</i> = -0.728, <i>p</i> = 0.002 for pre-post change; <i>β</i> = -0.645, <i>p</i> = 0.009 for pre-post one-day change). Our findings imply that reductions in the glenohumeral IR ROM may precede chronic adaptations of the throwing shoulder. Furthermore, arm speed during pitching was a predictive factor for the changes in the glenohumeral IR ROM.</p>","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Débora A Knihs, Chris Bishop, Marina S da S Athayde, Everton W Gomes, Juliano Dal Pupo
{"title":"Are dry-land measurements and their asymmetries related to swimming performance?","authors":"Débora A Knihs, Chris Bishop, Marina S da S Athayde, Everton W Gomes, Juliano Dal Pupo","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2453555","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2453555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to verify the correlations between variables obtained from dry-land tests and swimming performance, in addition to examining the associations between the dry-land asymmetries and swimming performance. Thirty-seven male swimmers performed a test battery, including shoulder isokinetic torque, shoulder range of motion (ROM), vertical jump, anthropometric, and in-water force tests. Additionally, the best official performance in the events of 50 and 200 m front crawl was obtained. Interlimb asymmetries were calculated for all tested metrics, and Pearson and Spearman's correlations were used to determine the association between the metrics (and their asymmetries) and swimming performance. Results showed that most of the dry-land metrics were significantly associated with 50 m front crawl (<i>r</i> = -0.59 to -0.83) and 200 m front crawl (<i>r</i> = -0.48 to -0.62) performance and with peak force at tethered swimming (<i>r</i> = 0.54 -0.80), except the ROM test (<i>r</i> = -0.22 -0.33). None of the asymmetries originating from the dry-land tests were significantly correlated with swimming performance (<i>ρ</i> = -0.29 -0.34). In conclusion, most dry-land outcomes measured are related to swimming performance, while the dry-land inter-limb asymmetries are not.</p>","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Klein, Chris Patterson, Annette Karim, Tyler Cuddeford
{"title":"Hopping kinetic differences in masters runners with and without Achilles tendinopathy.","authors":"Matthew Klein, Chris Patterson, Annette Karim, Tyler Cuddeford","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2451689","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2025.2451689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is the most common running-related pathology among masters runners. Previous evidence suggests there are no differences in submaximal running biomechanics between masters runners with and without AT. Evidence suggests lower extremity power deficits are common among ageing individuals and those with AT. The single-leg horizontal hop (SLHH) test is a valid and reliable lower extremity power test. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in SLHH biomechanics between masters runners with and without AT. 32 masters runners age 50 and older with AT (60.31 ± 8.37, <i>n</i> = 16) and without (59.94 ± 4.95 <i>n</i> = 16) were included. 3D motion capture and force plates were used to assess hopping biomechanics. Masters runners with AT had significantly lower peak ankle plantarflexion positive power peak hip extensor positive power and peak hip extension moments compared to healthy controls. No differences in peak ankle plantarflexion moments and knee kinetics were observed between groups. Masters runners with AT demonstrate altered lower extremity biomechanics during the propulsive phase of the SLHH, suggesting they may not be able to appropriately generate forces and release stored energy from the Achilles tendon during maximal efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}