Sports Biomechanics最新文献_第10页

Clustering analysis across different speeds reveals two distinct running techniques with no differences in running economy. 对不同速度的聚类分析显示出两种截然不同的跑步技术，在跑步经济性方面没有差异。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2372608

Adrian R Rivadulla, Xi Chen, Dario Cazzola, Grant Trewartha, Ezio Preatoni

{"title":"Clustering analysis across different speeds reveals two distinct running techniques with no differences in running economy.","authors":"Adrian R Rivadulla, Xi Chen, Dario Cazzola, Grant Trewartha, Ezio Preatoni","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2372608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2024.2372608","url":null,"abstract":"Establishing the links between running technique and economy remains elusive due to high inter-individual variability. Clustering runners by technique may enable tailored training recommendations, yet it is unclear if different techniques are equally economical and whether clusters are speed-dependent. This study aimed to identify clusters of runners based on technique and to compare cluster kinematics and running economy. Additionally, we examined the agreement of clustering partitions of the same runners at different speeds. Trunk and lower-body kinematics were captured from 84 trained runners at different speeds on a treadmill. We used Principal Component Analysis for dimensionality reduction and agglomerative hierarchical clustering to identify groups of runners with a similar technique, and we evaluated cluster agreement across speeds. Clustering runners at different speeds independently produced different partitions, suggesting single speed clustering can fail to capture the full speed profile of a runner. The two clusters identified using data from the whole range of speeds showed differences in pelvis tilt and duty factor. In agreement with self-optimisation theories, there were no differences in running economy, and no differences in participants' characteristics between clusters. Considering inter-individual technique variability may enhance the efficacy of training designs as opposed to 'one size fits all' approaches.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methodological considerations in assessing countermovement jumps with handheld accentuated eccentric loading. 利用手持加重偏心负荷评估反向跳跃的方法考虑因素。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2374884

Thomas E Bright, John R Harry, Jason Lake, Peter Mundy, Nicola Theis, Jonathan D Hughes

{"title":"Methodological considerations in assessing countermovement jumps with handheld accentuated eccentric loading.","authors":"Thomas E Bright, John R Harry, Jason Lake, Peter Mundy, Nicola Theis, Jonathan D Hughes","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2374884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2024.2374884","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to compare the agreement between three-dimensional motion capture and vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) in identifying the point of dumbbell (DB) release during a countermovement jump with accentuated eccentric loading (CMJAEL), and to examine the influence of the vGRF analysis method on the reliability and magnitude of CMJAEL variables. Twenty participants (10 male, 10 female) completed five maximal effort CMJAEL at 20% and 30% of body mass (CMJAEL20 and CMJAEL30, respectively) using DBs. There was large variability between methods in both loading conditions, as indicated by the wide limits of agreement (CMJAEL20 = -0.22 to 0.07 s; CMJAEL30 = -0.29 to 0.14 s). Variables were calculated from the vGRF data, and compared between four methods (forward integration (FI), backward integration (BI), FI adjusted at bottom position (BP), FI adjusted at DB release point (DR)). Greater absolute reliability was observed for variables from DR (CV% ≤ 7.28) compared to BP (CV% ≤ 13.74), although relative reliability was superior following the BP method (ICC ≥ 0.781 vs ≥ 0.606, respectively). The vGRF method shows promise in pinpointing the DB release point when only force platforms are accessible, and a combination of FI and BI analyses is advised to understand CMJAEL dynamics.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Running sprint force-velocity-power profile obtained with a low-cost and low frame rate acquisition video technique: reliability and concurrent validity. 利用低成本、低帧率视频采集技术获得的跑步冲刺力量-速度-功率曲线：可靠性和并发有效性。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2374882

Filipe Antonio de Barros Sousa, Alisson Henrique Marinho, Marcos David da Silva Calvalcante, Natália de Almeida Rodrigues, Tássio Silva Lima, Drumond Gilo da Silva, Fabiano de Souza Fonseca, Pedro Balikian Junior, Gustavo Gomes de Araujo

{"title":"Running sprint force-velocity-power profile obtained with a low-cost and low frame rate acquisition video technique: reliability and concurrent validity.","authors":"Filipe Antonio de Barros Sousa, Alisson Henrique Marinho, Marcos David da Silva Calvalcante, Natália de Almeida Rodrigues, Tássio Silva Lima, Drumond Gilo da Silva, Fabiano de Souza Fonseca, Pedro Balikian Junior, Gustavo Gomes de Araujo","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2374882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2024.2374882","url":null,"abstract":"The Force-velocity (F-v) and Power-velocity (P-v) relationships quantify athlete's horizontal force production capacities during sprinting. Efforts are underway to enhance ecological validity for practitioners and sports coaches. This study provides detailed data comparison of a low frames per second setup (30 Hz; FPSlow) with splits from a high FPS camera to derive F-v and P-v relationships. Sixty-six sprints performed by 11 university track and field athletes (6 male, 5 female) were evaluated. Data were recorded using FPSlow, photocells, and a high-speed camera (240 Hz; MySprint). In the FPSlow setup, bias was 0.17s, and Limits of agreement was 0.09s compared to photocells. ICC was 1.00, and the coefficient of variation (CV) was 1.0% [0.8-1.1%]. Time acquisition comparison between MySprint and FPSlow setups revealed high consistency (ICC = 0.99) and low CV (2.9% [2.8-3.1%]). F-v profile variables exhibited biases from trivial to small, with ICC ranging from moderate to nearly perfect. CV ranged from 2.7% to 11.8%, and improved using the average of three sprints (CV between 1.8% and 8.6%). The 'simple method' applied to data from the low FPS video setup yielded kinetic and kinematic parameters comparable to those obtained by the validated previous method and photocells.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141560204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On discretising continuous data for subgroup analysis in baseball pitching and alternative analytical methodologies. 棒球投球中用于分组分析的连续数据离散化及替代分析方法。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2377219

Kevin A Giordano, Kyle W Wasserberger

{"title":"On discretising continuous data for subgroup analysis in baseball pitching and alternative analytical methodologies.","authors":"Kevin A Giordano, Kyle W Wasserberger","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2377219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2024.2377219","url":null,"abstract":"There is a plethora of research attempting to contrast high- and low-velocity pitchers to identify traits to target for increasing velocity. However, pitch velocity exists on a continuum. Therefore, our purpose is to display the analytical discrepancies between creating velocity subgroups and leaving velocity as a continuous variable by examining the influence of ball velocity on elbow valgus torque. Motion capture data for 1315 actively competing pitchers were retrospectively extracted from a private database. We compared three analytic methods: (1) linear regression of valgus torque on ball velocity, (2) t-test between low- and high-velocity groups formed by a median split, and (3) t-test between very low- and very high-velocity groups formed by upper and lower velocity quartiles. Linear regression indicates ball velocity influenced valgus torque (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.280). Median splitting reduced the predictability of ball velocity on valgus torque (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.180). Conversely, extreme group splitting artificially inflated the effect size (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.347). We recommend sports biomechanics researchers not discretise a continuous variable to form subgroups for analysis because (1) it distorts the relationship between the variables of interest and (2) a regression equation can be used to estimate the dependent variable at any value of the independent variable, not just the group means.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Make an impact: going full circle together. 产生影响：一起走完全程

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2369206

Jill L McNitt-Gray, Laura Held, Witaya Mathiyakom, Travis J Peterson, Antonia M Zaferiou

{"title":"Make an impact: going full circle together.","authors":"Jill L McNitt-Gray, Laura Held, Witaya Mathiyakom, Travis J Peterson, Antonia M Zaferiou","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2369206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2024.2369206","url":null,"abstract":"Sport diversification provides opportunities for individuals to develop physical literacy, establish a growth mindset, become more agile in varied environments, and develop robust strategies to improve performance. One could say the same for biomechanists, who study the control and dynamics of human movements in the context of sport. Through the lens of sport, we have focused on the ongoing interaction between the nervous system, musculoskeletal system, and the environment by using integrated experimental and modelling approaches to study well-practiced, goal-directed tasks in controlled laboratory and realistic field settings. By integrating multiple sources of information in real time to provide timely, relevant, usable, and easy to understand (TRUE) feedback during skill acquisition, we have found these resources also support learning and opportunities for self-discovery of proficiencies by coaches and athletes. Managing multimodal data acquired with emerging technological advances has also benefited from the use of FAIR data management principles, where data are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. By listening, clarifying goals, and exploring together with coaches and athletes, we can bridge the gaps between what we know and what we do.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of hurdling step strategy on the kinematics of the block start. 跨栏步法对阻挡起跑运动学的影响。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-06 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1896028

Lee James Rowley, Sarah M Churchill, Marcus Dunn, Jon Wheat

{"title":"Effect of hurdling step strategy on the kinematics of the block start.","authors":"Lee James Rowley, Sarah M Churchill, Marcus Dunn, Jon Wheat","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1896028","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1896028","url":null,"abstract":"Athletes use either a seven-step or eight-step strategy to reach the first hurdle in the 110 m hurdle event. This study investigated the effect of step strategy on the start position, the block exit and the first four approach steps. Two-dimensional video data were collected in the sagittal plane from 12 male sprinters, grouped as seven-step (n = 6) or eight-step (n = 6) strategists. Mean block spacing was 0.08 m further apart, block contact time 0.06s longer, first step 0.25 m longer and first ground contact 0.03s longer for seven-step athletes compared with eight-step athletes. There was also a greater vertical displacement of the centre of mass (CoM) (0.04 m) for the seven-step athletes compared with the eight-step athletes. Additionally, the front hip mean angular acceleration was 197°/s2 slower for the seven-step athletes than the eight-step athletes. There was limited difference between groups for mean horizontal velocity at the moment of block exit (0.14 m/s). These technical alterations provide an important first insight into start kinematics. The findings of this study identify the position in the starting blocks, and the key parameters which pertain to the initial phases for a successful seven-step approach strategy to be employed.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25563592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction. 更正。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1888855

引用次数: 0

Gait asymmetries during perceptually-regulated interval running in hypoxia and normoxia. 在低氧和常氧条件下，由知觉调节的间歇跑的步态不对称。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1900356

Olivier Girard, Siu Nam Li, Liam Hobbins, Joong Hyun Ryu, Peter Peeling

{"title":"Gait asymmetries during perceptually-regulated interval running in hypoxia and normoxia.","authors":"Olivier Girard, Siu Nam Li, Liam Hobbins, Joong Hyun Ryu, Peter Peeling","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1900356","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1900356","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to characterise bilateral asymmetry in running mechanics during perceptually regulated, high-intensity intermittent running in hypoxia and normoxia and examines whether inter-limb differences in running mechanics are modified between and within intervals. Nineteen trained runners completed 4 × 4-min treadmill running bouts (3-min passive recoveries) at a perceived rating exertion of 16 on the 6-20 Borg scale in either hypoxic (FiO2 = 0.15) or normoxic (FiO2 = 0.21) conditions. Ground reaction force recordings at constant velocity (group average: 14.8 ± 1.9 km/h) allowed measurement of running kinetics/kinematics and calculation of spring-mass model characteristics at the beginning and the end of each 4-min interval. Lower limb asymmetry was assessed from the 'symmetry angle' (SA) score. There were no between intervals (P > 0.087), within intervals (P > 0.076) or FiO2 (P > 0.128) differences in SA scores for any of the 16 biomechanical variables. Mean SA scores were lower than 1.5% for spatio-temporal variables, ~1.5-3% for braking and push-off phase durations, peak forces and impulses and ~4-6% for mean loading rate and vertical stiffness. With preserved lower limb asymmetries both between and within intervals and with additional hypoxia, trained runners completing perceptually regulated interval treadmill runs may anticipate a maintained performance without heightened injury risk.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25537659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomechanical effects of foot placement during pitching. 投球时脚掌位置的生物力学影响。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-06 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1898668

Jonathan S Slowik, Alek Z Diffendaffer, Ryan L Crotin, Megan S Stewart, Karen Hart, Glenn S Fleisig

{"title":"Biomechanical effects of foot placement during pitching.","authors":"Jonathan S Slowik, Alek Z Diffendaffer, Ryan L Crotin, Megan S Stewart, Karen Hart, Glenn S Fleisig","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1898668","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1898668","url":null,"abstract":"Baseball coaches often focus on the landing position of a pitcher's front foot as a key aspect of mechanics. Furthermore, controversy persists regarding positioning the rear foot on the first base or third base end of the rubber. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of rear and front foot placement on pitching biomechanics. Our hypotheses were that there would be significant kinematic and kinetic differences associated with foot placement. This was a retrospective review including 144 healthy right-handed adult baseball pitchers divided into groups based on their rear and front foot placements: first base open (1B-Open), first base closed (1B-Closed), third base open (3B-Open), and third base closed (3B-Closed). Two-way ANOVAs detected no statistically significant main effects for kinetic variables but several for kinematic variables. Open pitchers had less shoulder abduction at the time of ball release and greater maximum shoulder internal rotation velocity in comparison with closed pitchers. They also had less forearm pronation at the time of ball release and greater maximum elbow extension velocity. Additional statistically significant results were found; however, low effect sizes may lessen the clinical significance of many of the results.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25566071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact accelerations during a prolonged run using a microwavable self-customised foot orthosis. 使用微波自定制足部矫形器进行长距离跑步时的冲击加速度。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1902553

Irene Jimenez-Perez, Jose Ignacio Priego-Quesada, Andrés Camacho-García, Rosa Mª Cibrián Ortiz de Anda, Pedro Pérez-Soriano

{"title":"Impact accelerations during a prolonged run using a microwavable self-customised foot orthosis.","authors":"Irene Jimenez-Perez, Jose Ignacio Priego-Quesada, Andrés Camacho-García, Rosa Mª Cibrián Ortiz de Anda, Pedro Pérez-Soriano","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1902553","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1902553","url":null,"abstract":"The use of custom-made foot orthoses has been associated with numerous benefits, such as decreased impact accelerations. However, it is not known whether this effect could be due to better customisation. The present study analysed the effects of the first generation of a microwavable prefabricated self-customised foot orthosis vs. a prefabricated standard one on impact accelerations throughout a prolonged run. Thirty runners performed two tests of 30-min running on a treadmill, each one with an orthosis condition. Impact acceleration variables of tibia and head were recorded every 5 min. Microwavable self-customised foot orthosis increased the following variables in the first instants compared to the prefabricated standard one: tibial peak (min1: 6.5 (1.8) vs. 6.0 (1.7) g, P = .009, min5: 6.6 (1.7) vs. 6.2 (1.7) g, P = .035), tibial magnitude (min1: 8.3 (2.6) vs. 7.7 (2.4) g, P = .030, min5: 8.5 (2.6) vs. 7.9 (2.5) g, P = .026) and shock attenuation (min1: 61.4 (16.8) vs. 56.3 (16.3)%, P = .014, min5: 62.0 (15.5) vs. 57.2 (15.3)%, P = .040), and tibial rate throughout the entire run (504.3 (229.7) vs. 422.7 (212.9) g/s, P = .006). However, it was more stable throughout 30-min running (P < .05). These results show that the shape customisation entailed by the thermoformable material does not provide impact acceleration improvements.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39232633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0