Sports Biomechanics最新文献_第10页

Predictors of batting and pitching performance in the USA baseball prospect development pipeline. 美国棒球后备人才培养管道中击球和投球表现的预测因素。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2298959

Zeyu Feng, Liam Lochhead, Jordan N Kohn, L Gregory Appelbaum

{"title":"Predictors of batting and pitching performance in the USA baseball prospect development pipeline.","authors":"Zeyu Feng, Liam Lochhead, Jordan N Kohn, L Gregory Appelbaum","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2298959","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2298959","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the relationship between psychomotor abilities and baseball performance by analysing data from 379 athletes who participated in the USA Baseball, Prospect Development Pipeline (PDP). Hit and pitch metrics were generated during practice sessions using the RapsodoTM System. Data were compared through exploratory factor analysis and hierarchical regression. Factor analysis grouped batter's PDP evaluations into four latent variables accounting for 63% of variance. Pitcher performance grouped into three factors accounting for 51% of variance. Regression on batter data revealed a significant demographic/anthropometric base model with height, weight, and age that accounted for 58% of the batted ball speed (R2 = 0.581). Player position explained 2% of the variance (R2 = 0.604), and PDP evaluation scores contributed an additional 3% (R2 = 0.631). Regression of pitcher data showed a significant base demographic/anthropometric model accounting for 36% of fastball pitch speeds (R2 = 0.363), with the PDP evaluation scores adding 6% additional variance (R2 = 0.424). Uniformly, assessments of lower body strength added the greatest predictive information. Hand grip strength did not correlate with pitch metrics. While demographics/anthropometrics are major contributors to batted and pitched ball speed, position and psychomotor variables add statistically significant contributions and may be of practical value for player selection.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1529-1547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of different initial speeds on subsequent glide and underwater undulatory swimming. 不同的初始速度对后续滑行和水下起伏游泳的影响。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2319127

Keisuke Kobayashi Yamakawa, Rena Nishiwaki, Tsuyoshi Takeda

{"title":"Effects of different initial speeds on subsequent glide and underwater undulatory swimming.","authors":"Keisuke Kobayashi Yamakawa, Rena Nishiwaki, Tsuyoshi Takeda","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2319127","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2319127","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the effect of different initial speeds on the performance during underwater undulatory swimming (UUS). The study included 13 female swimmers. Each participant was asked to perform a 15-m maximum UUS, starting with four different push-off speeds. The experiment was recorded using three underwater cameras; subsequently, a two-dimensional motion analysis was conducted. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was employed to identify the position where the UUS velocity stabilised. The findings revealed a significant difference in the average swimming velocities during the first cycle of UUS, which was attributed to the variation in initial speed (p < 0.05) while there is no significant difference in the middle and final cycles. The results of SPM analysis suggested that differences in UUS velocity became negligible after approximately 6-m position from the pool wall, regardless of variations in push-off velocity. Furthermore, it was confirmed that swimmers can reach their maximum achievable UUS velocity at approximately 5-m position, even if they fail to execute an effective push-off from the wall. These findings offer valuable insights for future UUS studies, specifically in choosing suitable cycles for analysis.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1660-1677"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139906686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The stroke rate influences performance, technique and core stability during rowing ergometer. 划速影响着划船时的表现、技术和核心稳定性。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2301992

Youri Duchene, Frédéric R Simon, Geoffrey N Ertel, Hugo Maciejewski, Gérome C Gauchard, Guillaume Mornieux

{"title":"The stroke rate influences performance, technique and core stability during rowing ergometer.","authors":"Youri Duchene, Frédéric R Simon, Geoffrey N Ertel, Hugo Maciejewski, Gérome C Gauchard, Guillaume Mornieux","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2301992","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2301992","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to determine the effect of stroke rate on performance, technique and core stability during rowing ergometer. Twenty-four high-level rowers performed maximal intensity one-minute bouts at 20, 28 and 34 spm on a RowPerfect3 ergometer. Power at the handle, legs, trunk and arms levels were determined, and core kinematics and neuromuscular activations were measured. The power at the handle was enhanced with a higher stroke rate in the first half of the drive phase due to higher segment's powers. This resulted in technical changes, as for instance greater mean to peak power ratio at each segment level. The higher trunk power preceded a delayed trunk extension but without significant increase in the erector spinae activation. This underlines the role of the core stability to transfer forces at a higher stroke rate. However, no co-activation parameters between trunk flexors and extensors helped further to understand this force transfer. Rowing at low stroke rate can be a training strategy to work on earlier trunk extension, while maintaining erectors spinae levels of activation. Training at higher stroke rate will induce a rowing technique closer to competition with greater neuromuscular activations, and maximise power production.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1576-1593"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139418450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of kicking action in front crawl: the inter-relationships between swimming velocity, hand propulsive force and trunk inclination. 踢腿动作在前爬泳中的作用：游泳速度、手部推动力和躯干倾斜度之间的相互关系。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2303361

Tomoya Kadi, Sohei Washino, Takaaki Tsunokawa, Kenzo Narita, Hirotoshi Mankyu, Akihiko Murai, Hiroyuki Tamaki

{"title":"Role of kicking action in front crawl: the inter-relationships between swimming velocity, hand propulsive force and trunk inclination.","authors":"Tomoya Kadi, Sohei Washino, Takaaki Tsunokawa, Kenzo Narita, Hirotoshi Mankyu, Akihiko Murai, Hiroyuki Tamaki","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2303361","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2303361","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the essential role of the kicking action in front crawl. To achieve this objective, we examined the relationships of the hand propulsive force and trunk inclination with swimming velocity over a wide range of velocities from 0.75 m·s-1 to maximum effort, including the experimental conditions of arm stroke without a pull buoy. Seven male swimmers performed a 25 m front crawl at various speeds under three swimming conditions: arm stroke with a pull buoy, arm stroke without a pull buoy (AWOB) and arm stroke with a six-beat kick (SWIM). Swimming velocity, hand propulsive force and trunk inclination were calculated using an underwater motion-capture system and pressure sensors. Most notably, AWOB consistently exhibited greater values than SWIM for hand propulsive force across the range of observed velocities (p < 0.05) and for trunk inclination below the severe velocity (p < 0.05), and these differences increased with decreasing velocity. These results indicate that 1) the kicking action in front crawl has a positive effect on reducing the pressure drag acting on the trunk, thereby allowing swimmers to achieve a given velocity with less hand propulsive force, and 2) this phenomenon is significant in low-velocity ranges.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1610-1628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139514287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kinematic and spatiotemporal differences between footstrike patterns in elite male and female 10,000 m runners in competition. 精英男子和女子 10,000 米赛跑者在比赛中脚步的运动学和时空差异。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2301995

Brian Hanley, Aaron L Thomas, Catherine B Tucker

{"title":"Kinematic and spatiotemporal differences between footstrike patterns in elite male and female 10,000 m runners in competition.","authors":"Brian Hanley, Aaron L Thomas, Catherine B Tucker","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2301995","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2301995","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to examine spatiotemporal and joint kinematic differences between footstrike patterns in 10,000 m running. Seventy-two men's and 42 women's footstrike patterns were analysed during laps 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 (of 25) using 2D video recordings. Approximately 47% of men were FFS throughout the race, 30% were MFS and 24% RFS; the respective frequencies in women were approximately 30%, 38% and 32%. Overall, 83% of men and 88% of women retained their footstrike pattern throughout the race. Amongst the 53 men and 33 women with symmetrical footstrike patterns, there were no differences in speed, step length or cadence between footstrike groups in either sex. Most lower limb joint angles did not change in these athletes during the event, with few differences between footstrike patterns apart from ankle and foot angles. A greater hip-ankle distance was found in RFS than in FFS (both sexes) and in RFS than in MFS (men only), although these differences were never more than 0.03 m. Coaches should note that habitual footstrike patterns were maintained during this long-distance track race despite changes in running speed and possible fatigue, and there were few performance differences between footstrike patterns.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1594-1609"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reliability and validity of three portable devices for quantifying spatiotemporal parameters in runners of different athletic abilities during treadmill running. 用于量化不同运动能力的跑步者在跑步机上跑步时的时空参数的三种便携式设备的可靠性和有效性。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2298960

S Rodríguez-Barbero, F González-Mohíno, J M González Ravé, V Rodrigo-Carranza, D Juárez Santos-García

{"title":"Reliability and validity of three portable devices for quantifying spatiotemporal parameters in runners of different athletic abilities during treadmill running.","authors":"S Rodríguez-Barbero, F González-Mohíno, J M González Ravé, V Rodrigo-Carranza, D Juárez Santos-García","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2298960","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2023.2298960","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of a wearable device and a phone application for measuring spatiotemporal parameters and their relationship with running economy (RE) by comparing them with photocell data in runners of different abilities. Twenty-three male runners were divided into well-trained and recreational groups and performed a 4-min running bout at 17 and 13 km·h-1 respectively. During the bout, were measured the spatiotemporal parameters with three devices (Stryd, Runmatic, and Optojump) and RE with a gas analyser. Pearson correlation showed perfect relationships for stride frequency (SF) and stride length (SL) between the devices, and moderate for flight time (FT) and contact time (CT). There were no correlations between the spatiotemporal parameters and RE measurements. Coefficient of variation was ~ 5% in all devices for CT, SF, and SL, and higher for FT (15-24%). CT was underestimated (15-16% with Runmatic and Stryd, respectively) and FT was overestimated (36-40%) compared to Optojump. Bland-Altman plots revealed that Runmatic could be a more accurate system than Stryd. In conclusion, both devices were valid tools for measuring spatiotemporal parameters during running at RE speed. Runmatic was more valid and reliable in comparison with Stryd. In addition, at lower running speeds the devices showed less reliability.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1479-1494"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing squat movement classification performance with a gated long-short term memory with transformer network model. 利用带有变压器网络模型的门控长短期记忆增强下蹲动作分类性能。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2315243

Xinyao Hu, Wenyue Zhang, Haopeng Ou, Shiwei Mo, Fenjie Liang, Junshi Liu, Zhong Zhao, Xingda Qu

{"title":"Enhancing squat movement classification performance with a gated long-short term memory with transformer network model.","authors":"Xinyao Hu, Wenyue Zhang, Haopeng Ou, Shiwei Mo, Fenjie Liang, Junshi Liu, Zhong Zhao, Xingda Qu","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2315243","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2315243","url":null,"abstract":"Bodyweight squat is one of the basic sports training exercises. Automatic classification of aberrant squat movements can guide safe and effective bodyweight squat exercise in sports training. This study presents a novel gated long-short term memory with transformer network (GLTN) model for the classification of bodyweight squat movements. Twenty-two healthy young male participants were involved in an experimental study, where they were instructed to perform bodyweight squat in nine different movement patterns, including one acceptable movement defined according to the National Strength and Conditioning Association and eight aberrant movements. Data were acquired from four customised inertial measurement units placed at the thorax, waist, right thigh, and right shank, with a sampling frequency of 200 Hz. The results show that compared to state-of-art deep learning models, our model enhances squat movement classification performance with 96.34% accuracy, 96.31% precision, 96.45% recall, and 96.32% F-score. The proposed model provides a feasible wearable solution to monitoring aberrant squat movements that can facilitate performance and injury risk assessment during sports training. However, this model should not serve as a one-size-fits-all solution, and coaches and practitioners should consider individual's specific needs and training goals when using it.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1629-1644"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139900798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lower extremity joint angle, moment, and coordination throughout a double limb drop vertical jump in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 前十字韧带重建者在双肢下落垂直跳跃过程中的下肢关节角度、力矩和协调性。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2356845

Justin D Dennis, Skylar C Holmes, Caitlyn Heredia, Eric J Shumski, Derek N Pamukoff

{"title":"Lower extremity joint angle, moment, and coordination throughout a double limb drop vertical jump in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.","authors":"Justin D Dennis, Skylar C Holmes, Caitlyn Heredia, Eric J Shumski, Derek N Pamukoff","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2356845","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2356845","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) utilise different landing biomechanics between limbs, but previous analyses have not considered the continuous or simultaneous joint motion that occurs during landing and propulsion. The purpose of this study was to compare sagittal plane ankle/knee and knee/hip coordination patterns as well as ankle, knee, and hip angles and moments and vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) between the ACLR and uninjured limbs during landing and propulsion. Fifteen females and thirteen males performed a drop vertical jump from a 30 cm box placed half their height from force platforms. Coordination was compared using a modified vector coding technique and binning analysis. Kinematics and kinetics were time normalised for waveform analyses. Coordination was not different between limbs. The ACLR limb had smaller dorsiflexion angles from 11 to 16% of landing and 24 to 75% of landing and propulsion, knee flexion moments from 5 to 15% of landing, 20 to 31% of landing, and 35 to 91% of landing and propulsion, and vGRF from 92 to 94% of propulsion compared with the uninjured limb. The ACLR limb exhibited smaller dorsiflexion angles to potentially reduce the knee joint moment arm and mitigate the eccentric and concentric demands on the ACLR knee during landing and propulsion, respectively.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1753-1768"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Statistical Parametric Mapping to detect the effects of the secondary jump direction on landing kinematics. 统计参数映射法检测二次跳跃方向对着地运动学的影响。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2354422

Claudia Brunetti, Rodrigo Rabello, Nicholas Poletti, Filippo Bertozzi, Chiarella Sforza

{"title":"Statistical Parametric Mapping to detect the effects of the secondary jump direction on landing kinematics.","authors":"Claudia Brunetti, Rodrigo Rabello, Nicholas Poletti, Filippo Bertozzi, Chiarella Sforza","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2354422","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2354422","url":null,"abstract":"Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in sports often occur with non-contact mechanisms, such as landing and cutting. Previous studies explored the ACL injury biomechanical risk factors through drop-jumps combined with secondary jumps. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the secondary jump direction on first landing kinematic temporal series. Fifty-seven participants (29 males, 28 females) performed three single-leg drop-jumps followed by secondary jumps in vertical (single-planar), 45°-medial and 45°-lateral direction (multi-planar). Lower limb and trunk landing kinematics was recorded using a 9-camera motion capture system and analysed with a One-way ANOVA through Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM), from initial contact to maximum knee flexion. All variables were affected by the secondary jump direction, except trunk rotation. In sagittal plane, kinematic main differences were found between single- and multi-planar tasks. The latter elicited higher trunk, hip, and knee flexion. Frontal plane kinematics was more influenced by medio-lateral components of secondary jumps. Our results could underline how a single task may be insufficient for ACL injury risk assessment. Single- and multi-planar tasks including a secondary jump should be considered for more comprehensive evaluations in prevention and rehabilitation programs, but caution should be used when comparing results of studies adopting different tasks.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1739-1752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of foot pressure distribution and foot kinematics in undulatory underwater swimming between performance levels. 比较不同水平水下起伏游泳的脚压分布和脚部运动学。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2341014

Daiki Koga, Yusaku Nakazono, Takaaki Tsunokawa, Yasuo Sengoku, Shigetada Kudo, Hideki Takagi

{"title":"Comparison of foot pressure distribution and foot kinematics in undulatory underwater swimming between performance levels.","authors":"Daiki Koga, Yusaku Nakazono, Takaaki Tsunokawa, Yasuo Sengoku, Shigetada Kudo, Hideki Takagi","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2341014","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2341014","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to elucidate the foot kinematics and foot pressure difference characteristics of faster swimmers in undulatory underwater swimming (UUS). In total, eight faster and eight slower swimmers performed UUS in a water flume at a flow velocity set at 80% of the maximal effort swimming velocity. The toe velocity and foot angle of attack were measured using a motion capture system. A total of eight small pressure sensors were attached to the surface of the left foot to calculate the pressure difference between the plantar and dorsal sides of the foot. Differences in the mean values of each variable between the groups were analysed. Compared to the slower swimmers, the faster swimmers exhibited a significantly higher swimming velocity (1.53 ± 0.06 m/s vs. 1.31 ± 0.08 m/s) and a larger mean pressure difference in the phase from the start of the up-kick until the toe moved forward relative to the body (3.88 ± 0.65 kPa vs. 2.66 ± 1.19 kPa). The faster group showed higher toe vertical velocity and toe direction of movement, switching from lateral to medial at the time of generating the larger foot pressure difference in the up-kick, providing insight into the reasons behind the foot kinematics of high UUS performance swimmers.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1693-1709"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0