Sports Biomechanics最新文献_第9页

Muscle strength and endurance in high-level rock climbers. 高水平攀岩运动员的肌肉力量和耐力。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1916577

Robert Rokowski, Michail Michailov, Marcin Maciejczyk, Magdalena Więcek, Jadwiga Szymura, Paweł Draga, Plamen Trendafilov, Zbigniew Szygula

{"title":"Muscle strength and endurance in high-level rock climbers.","authors":"Robert Rokowski, Michail Michailov, Marcin Maciejczyk, Magdalena Więcek, Jadwiga Szymura, Paweł Draga, Plamen Trendafilov, Zbigniew Szygula","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1916577","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1916577","url":null,"abstract":"The relative importance of key performance factors is poorly studied in high-level climbers. This study aimed to (1) determine the role of forearm muscle strength and endurance in high-level rock climbing, (2) and provide suitable dynamometric test parameters for muscle endurance assessment in high-level climbers. Six higher elite (redpoint Fr.9a) and eight elite/advanced (redpoint Fr.8a+) climbers performed one finger flexor maximal strength test and three finger endurance tests: a 30 s all-out test and a continuous and intermittent test at 60% of maximal voluntary contraction. Higher elite climbers had higher (p < 0.05) maximal strength, all-out test average force and continuous test force-time integral (all relative to body mass) than the elite/advanced climbers. These parameters correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with climbing performance, which has not been observed so far for continuous test scores. Unlike in previous research, intermittent test force-time integral neither distinguished climbing ability groups nor correlated significantly with climbing performance. Nevertheless, regression models comprising of intermittent and maximal strength test scores more strongly determined climbing performance than models including continuous or all-out test scores. Intermittent muscle endurance is among the performance factors in difficult rock climbing but appears to be less important than maintaining high forces during sustained muscle contractions.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38942097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationships among countermovement vertical jump performance metrics, strategy variables, and inter-limb asymmetry in females. 女性逆向纵跳成绩指标、策略变量和肢体间不对称之间的关系。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-05 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1908412

John R Harry, Leland A Barker, Grant M Tinsley, John Krzyszkowski, Luke D Chowning, John J McMahon, Jason Lake

{"title":"Relationships among countermovement vertical jump performance metrics, strategy variables, and inter-limb asymmetry in females.","authors":"John R Harry, Leland A Barker, Grant M Tinsley, John Krzyszkowski, Luke D Chowning, John J McMahon, Jason Lake","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1908412","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1908412","url":null,"abstract":"Dependent variables commonly studied during countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ) tests largely stem from male-only studies despite females'distinct energy storage and reutilisation strategies. This could limit progress among females seeking increased CMVJ performance through targeted changes in certain variables. We explored relationships between CMVJ performance metrics (jump height, modified reactive strength index, jump power, and takeoff momentum) and (a) temporal and force application variables and (b) inter-limb force and yank (i.e., rate of force development) asymmetry in 31 recreationally active females. Participants performed eight CMVJs while ground reaction force (GRF) data were obtained. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients assessed the strength and direction of the associations. Twenty-six significant relationships (r ≥ ±0.357; p < 0.05) were detected across the CMVJ performance variables. The significantly correlated variables were generally isolated to only one of the four performance metrics. Only the percentage of concentric phase inter-limb force asymmetry was significantly associated with CMVJ performance, specifically jump power and takeoff momentum. Coaches and physical performance professionals should be aware of popular strategy variables' association or lack of association with commonly studied performance metrics when seeking to understand or improve specific CMVJ jumping abilities in females.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38948988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine learning in sports science: challenges and opportunities. 体育科学中的机器学习：挑战与机遇。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-20 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1910334

Chris Richter, Martin O'Reilly, Eamonn Delahunt

引用次数: 0

A temporal analysis of the swimmers' coordination in the relay start. 对接力起跑时游泳运动员协调性的时间分析。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-20 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1921249

María Peralvo-Simón, Santiago Veiga, José A Navia

{"title":"A temporal analysis of the swimmers' coordination in the relay start.","authors":"María Peralvo-Simón, Santiago Veiga, José A Navia","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1921249","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1921249","url":null,"abstract":"The main aims of the present research were 1) to characterise the inter-subject and intra-subject timing of the preparatory movements of competitive swimmers during relay starts and 2) to relate the preparatory movements with the relay start outcome. Nine international youth swimmers performed 10 relay freestyle starts (one-step technique) filmed at 120 Hz from a lateral viewpoint. Results obtained (0.14 ± 0.10 s changeover time, 0.31 ± 0.07 s entry time, 2.59 ± 0.09 m entry distance and 0.96 ± 0.06 s time to 5 m) indicated that the longer the preparation time (from the initial position to the swimmer's take-off), the better the changeover time, entry distance, and 5 m time. Specifically, a mixed linear model identified preparation time (p < 0.001, F (1,80.01) = 56.36), and entry distance (p = 0.008, F (1,80.01) = 7.36) as predicting variables for 5 m time. Also, faster swimmers on times to 5 m were found to be more consistent - lower levels of intra-subject variability - in 5 m (r = 0.76, p = 0.018) and changeover (r = 0.72, p = 0.029) times. In summary, the timing of the preparatory movements seems to be a key aspect to optimise relay start performances.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38932810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-selected running gait modifications reduce acute impact loading, awkwardness, and effort. 自我选择的跑步步态调整可减少急性冲击负荷、笨拙感和努力程度。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-09 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1916576

Haisheng Xia, Yangjian Huang, Gang Chen, Sulin Cheng, Roy T H Cheung, Peter B Shull

{"title":"Self-selected running gait modifications reduce acute impact loading, awkwardness, and effort.","authors":"Haisheng Xia, Yangjian Huang, Gang Chen, Sulin Cheng, Roy T H Cheung, Peter B Shull","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1916576","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2021.1916576","url":null,"abstract":"Impact loading has been associated with running-related injuries, and gait retraining has been suggested as a means of reducing impact loading and lowering the risk of injury. However, gait retraining can lead to increased perceived awkwardness and effort. The influence of specifically trained and self-selected running gait modifications on acute impact loading, perceived awkwardness and effort is currently unclear. Sixteen habitual rearfoot/midfoot runners performed forefoot strike pattern, increased step rate, anterior trunk lean and self-selected running gait modifications on an instrumented treadmill based on real-time biofeedback. Impact loading, perceived awkwardness and effort scores were compared among the four gait retraining conditions. Self-selected gait modification reduced vertical average loading rate (VALR) by 25.3%, vertical instantaneous loading rate (VILR) by 27.0%, vertical impact peak (VIP) by 16.8% as compared with baseline. Forefoot strike pattern reduced VALR, VILR and peak tibial acceleration. Increased step rate reduced VALR. Anterior trunk lean did not reduce any impact loading. Self-selected gait modification was perceived as less awkward and require less effort than the specifically trained gait modification (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that self-selected gait modification could be a more natural and less effortful strategy than specifically trained gait modification to reduce acute impact loading, while the clinical significance remains unknown.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39075105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of speed-accuracy trade-off in tennis topspin forehand of college players. 大学生网球运动员正手上旋球速度与准确性的权衡机制

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2381105

Yusuke Sudo, Yuta Kawamoto, Yoichi Iino, Shinsuke Yoshioka

{"title":"Mechanisms of speed-accuracy trade-off in tennis topspin forehand of college players.","authors":"Yusuke Sudo, Yuta Kawamoto, Yoichi Iino, Shinsuke Yoshioka","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2381105","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2381105","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the speed-accuracy relationship in a tennis topspin single-handed forehand groundstroke. Groundstrokes at three different speeds by nine college players were captured, with the variability of the ball landing position evaluated as indices of accuracy. Variabilities of ball launch variables (speed, launch angle, spin, etc.) and conversion ratios from these variabilities to the variability of the ball landing position were quantified. These variabilities and their conversion ratios could be influenced by different efforts exerted to generate ball speeds and different ball trajectories required to hit a target at each speed, respectively. The speed-accuracy trade-off was observed only in the hitting direction. While the variability of the spin axis increased, it had minimal influence on the ball landing position. Conversely, the conversion ratio in the hitting direction of the velocity elevation angle significantly increased, while its variability remained unchanged. Consequently, the geometrical requirements of ball trajectories can be responsible for the speed-accuracy trade-off. Therefore, even skilled players capable of maintaining consistent ball launch variables regardless of the shot speed should deliberately choose a moderately slower ball speed to avoid an inevitable increase in the variability of the ball landing position due to geometrical requirements.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reliability and validity of the fulltrack AI application to determine cricket bowling line and length compared to 3D motion capture. 与三维动作捕捉相比，用于确定板球保龄球线路和长度的全跟踪人工智能应用的可靠性和有效性。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2381108

Kevin Tissera, Kathleen A Shorter, Minh Huynh, Amanda C Benson

{"title":"Reliability and validity of the fulltrack AI application to determine cricket bowling line and length compared to 3D motion capture.","authors":"Kevin Tissera, Kathleen A Shorter, Minh Huynh, Amanda C Benson","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2381108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2024.2381108","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined reliability and validity of the Fulltrack AI application to identify cricket ball landing position (line, length). Nine hundred and thirty-two deliveries were compared to 3D motion capture, the criterion measure, with 836 included in analysis (516 bowled (pace = 420, spin = 96), 320 SidearmTM; 301 facing a batter). Agreement analysis indicated an intraclass correlation coefficient of >0.96 for raw and filter 3D line and length data, compared to Fulltrack AI. The coefficient of variation was acceptable for length (<10%) and larger for line (23.82%), albeit with a smaller standard error of measurement (SEM = 0.05 m), improving with outliers removed. Bland-Altman plots confirmed good statistical agreement between devices, with limits of agreement largely within maximal allowable difference values. There are potential practical application considerations, given SEM = 0.47 m for length (diameter of seven cricket balls); with greater variability detecting length closer to the batters-end, and line closer to the bowlers-end. Validity, using a generalised additive model, showed no significant differences between devices (p > 0.05), with no condition-based interaction effects. The Fulltrack AI application enables ecologically valid assessment of bowling performance. Considering the trade-off between this and the accuracy of information is warranted when deciding how best to apply it to coaching environments to support augmented feedback.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comparison of foot and ankle biomechanics during running drills and distance running. 跑步训练和长跑过程中足部和踝部生物力学的比较。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2382804

Guillaume Abran, Audrey Berraz, Nadia Dardenne, Kevin Gramage, Stephen Bornheim, François Delvaux, Jean-Louis Croisier, Cédric Schwartz

{"title":"A comparison of foot and ankle biomechanics during running drills and distance running.","authors":"Guillaume Abran, Audrey Berraz, Nadia Dardenne, Kevin Gramage, Stephen Bornheim, François Delvaux, Jean-Louis Croisier, Cédric Schwartz","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2382804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2024.2382804","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to compare the foot-ankle joint mechanics of running drills and running. Seventeen long-distance runners performed five popular running drills (A-skip, B-skip, Bounding, Heel flicks, Straight leg running) and a run at 3.88 m/s. Kinematics, kinetics and power values were calculated for the ankle, midtarsal (MT) and metatarsophalangeal (MP) joints. Electromyographic activity was recorded for the soleus, gastrocnemius medialis, lateralis and abductor hallucis muscle. The A-skip, the B-skip and the Heel flicks induced a smaller ankle (p < 0.001, ŋ2 = 0.41), MT (p < 0.001, ŋ2 = 0.43) and MP (p < 0.001, ŋ2 = 0.47) dorsiflexion peak than running. No difference was found between the running drills and running for ankle, MT and MP moment. The Bounding induces a higher positive ankle power than running (diff: 5.5 ± 7.5 J/kg, p = 0.014, d = 1.05). The A-skip (diff: 2.8 ± 2.9 J/kg, p < 0.001, d = 1.5) and the B-skip (diff: 2.7 ± 2.1 J/kg, p < 0.001, d = 1.4) induce a smaller MT positive power than running. This study offers an analysis of the mechanical behaviour of the foot-ankle complex to help track and field coaches select their running drills in an evidence-based manner.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141767878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current iliotibial band syndrome alters patterns of running coordination in male and female runners, but not their levels of coordination variability. 当前的髂胫束综合征会改变男性和女性跑步者的跑步协调模式，但不会改变他们的协调变异水平。

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2368068

Santiago Veiga, Bruno Suarez, Carlos Segovia, Archit Navandar, Javier Rueda, Enrique Navarro

{"title":"Current iliotibial band syndrome alters patterns of running coordination in male and female runners, but not their levels of coordination variability.","authors":"Santiago Veiga, Bruno Suarez, Carlos Segovia, Archit Navandar, Javier Rueda, Enrique Navarro","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2368068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2024.2368068","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to compare the coordination patterns and levels of coordination variability of healthy and injured runners with iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS). Sixty runners divided into four groups (15 healthy males, 15 healthy females, 15 males with ITBS and 15 females with ITBS) ran at a steady and freely chosen pace on an over-ground track, and their coordination patterns of the lower limbs were calculated during 10 running stances using the vector coding technique. Both male and female runners with ITBS showed a greater dominance of the pelvis segment and the anti-phase patterns in the frontal plane thigh-pelvis coupling (p = 0.001, η2 = 0.36). In addition, injured female runners showed a greater hip adduction dominance, whereas injured males presented a greater anti-phase pattern in the transverse plane-frontal plane hip coupling (p = 0.003, η2 = 0.08). The levels of coordination variability during running stance did not change between ITBS injured and healthy runners in any of the couplings. Currently injured runners with ITBS appeared to present altered coordination patterns on the hip couplings that were partly dependent on gender but did not lead to changes in the coordination variability levels.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of external verbal cueing on countermovement rebound jump performance. 外部语言提示对反向运动弹跳成绩的影响

IF 2 3区医学

Sports Biomechanics Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2377217

Jiaqing Xu, Anthony Turner, Thomas M Comyns, Shyam Chavda, Chris Bishop

{"title":"Effects of external verbal cueing on countermovement rebound jump performance.","authors":"Jiaqing Xu, Anthony Turner, Thomas M Comyns, Shyam Chavda, Chris Bishop","doi":"10.1080/14763141.2024.2377217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2024.2377217","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the effects of three external verbal cues on countermovement rebound jump (CMRJ) performance. Twenty-five recreational athletes completed nine jumps with distinct height, velocity and combined cue focus. A general linear model analysis of variance was used to evaluate systematic bias between conditions (p < 0.05). The height and velocity cues significantly altered jump height and contact times in both jumps during the CMRJ, respectively (p ≤ 0.002). The combined cue significantly reduced contact time while increasing leg stiffness compared to the height cue (p ≤ 0.038). It also increased jump height compared to the velocity cue (p ≤ 0.005) in both jumps, resulting in the highest explosive power and reactive strength values among all conditions. Furthermore, the combined cue enhanced the positive ankle contribution compared to the height cue (p = 0.020) and increased positive hip and negative knee joint work compared to the velocity cue (p ≤ 0.040) in the second jump of the CMRJ. These findings advise practitioners to use the height cue to maximise jump height, the velocity cue to minimise contact times and the combined cue to maximise explosive power and reactive strength.","PeriodicalId":49482,"journal":{"name":"Sports Biomechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0